Rabbinic JudaismJerusalem Talmud Shabbat 1.3HOLYMAP · SACRED TEXTS
The Jerusalem TalmudJerusalem Talmud Shabbat 1.3

The Jerusalem Talmud

Jerusalem Talmud Shabbat 1.3

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English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

MISHNAH: A tailor should not leave with his needle close to sundown lest he forget and leave; nor the scribe with his pen. He should not check his garments for lice nor read by candlelight. In truth they said that the teacher may look where the children are reading but he may not read himself. Similarly, the male sufferer from gonorrhea should not eat with a female sufferer from flux because of inducement to sin.

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English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

HALAKHAH: Mishnah: “A tailor should not leave with his needle close to sundown lest he forget and leave,” etc. It was stated: “A tailor should not leave with a needle in his garment, nor a scribe with the pen behind his ear, nor a dyer with a sample behind his ear, nor a money-changer with a denar behind his ear. If one of these left they are not liable, the words of Rebbi Meïr. Rebbi Jehudah says, a craftsman in the ways of his craft is liable, therefore everybody else may leave with one of these.”The argument of Rebbi Meïr seems inverted, as we have stated there: “If she left she is liable, the words of Rebbi Meïr,” and here he says so? Rebbi Mana said it without attribution, Rebbi Abun in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: There women usually do it, but here only children leave with this. The argument of the rabbis seems inverted, as we have stated there: “But the Sages declare not liable with a plate of make-up or a flask of perfume.” Therefore with a needle with ear she is liable. Is that a craftsman who is liable in the way of his craft? Rebbi Yose ben Abun said, explain it for a woman hairdresser.

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English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

Mishnah “He should not check his garments for lice nor read by candlelight,” etc. Even on weekdays it is forbidden since it is not decent. It was stated: One who checks his garments takes and throws away; only he should not rub. Abba Shaul says, he may rub and throw away, only he should not kill. Ḥizqiah said, one who kills a louse is like one who kills a camel. Samuel broke off its hands and feet and gave if to the children. Rebbi Yose ben Rebbi Abun put it in a flask. Rebbi Simeon ben Ḥalafta said, did we not understand this from the purple snail? Does the purple snail have sinews and bones? But was it not stated: Any which has neither sinews nor bones does not live more than six months? For Rebbi Yose ben Rebbi Abun said in the name of Rav Zevid, the Holy One, praise to Him, turns around His world once in seven years. Qamqama turns into Ḥu-Rav-Padah. Ḥar-Efer turns into Šer. The head louse turns into a scorpion and the one of garments into a lizard. A horse worm turns into a wasp, that of cattle into a bee. A male hyena turns into a female, a field rat turns into a wild boar. The spine of a fish turns into a centipede, of a human into a snake. When? If he does not bow down with his entire spine.

4
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

Rebbi Ḥiyya stated: But one may investigate what is in the cup or the pot without worry. Some want to say, because it is for a short time; but some want to say because of cleanliness or danger. What is the difference between them? To separate lettuce leaves. For him who says, because it is for a short time, it is forbidden. For him who says, because of cleanliness or danger, it is permitted. Rav Jeremiah visited Rav Assi, who mixed a cup for him. He started inspecting it. His house companion said to him, look what he is doing! He told her, because he follows his teacher’s argument, as Rebbi Ḥiyya stated: But one may investigate what is in the cup or the pot without worry.

5
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

“Nor read by candlelight”. Samuel said, they stated that only for a single person. Therefore for two, who can hinder one another, it is permitted. Samuel’s baraita disagrees with him: “Both a light which he can turn as one which he cannot turn.” Ulla bar Ismael in the name of Rebbi Eleazar: Even many. In the opinion of Rebbi Eleazar even if it is very high, even if it is in (one) house, even if it is on a look-out.

6
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

It was stated, lest he forget and turn. “Rebbi Ismael said, I will read but not turn. He forgot and almost turned. He said, how great are the words of the Sages who said, lest he forget and turn. Rebbi Nathan says, he actually turned and wrote on his writing tablet, Ismael ben Elisha turned the light on the Sabbath. When the Temple will be rebuilt he is liable for a purification sacrifice.”

7
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

There, we have stated: “Do not believe in yourself up to the day of your death.” It happened that a pious man sat and stated, do not believe in yourself up to your old age, as I Am. There came a spirit to tempt him, and he started to err after her. She told him, do not feel bad, I am a spirit. Go and be equal to your colleagues.

8
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

Mishnah: “In truth they said that the teacher may look where the children are reading.” Rebbi Eleazar said that every place where they stated “in truth” it is practice going back to Moses on Mount Sinai. What does he have to put in order? The beginnings of paragraphs [or] verses. It was stated: “Rabban Simeon ben Gamliel said, children prepare the beginnings of verses by candlelight.” What about it? These want the light to go out, those do not want the light to go out.

9
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

Mishnah: “Similarly, the male sufferer from gonorrhea should not eat with a female sufferer from flux.” It was stated: Rebbi Simeon ben Eleazar says, look how far purity did spread, as it is said, for the little which you had expanded mightily; and their families expanded mightily. They did not decide to say, the pure may not eat with the impure, but they said, the male sufferer from gonorrhea should not eat with a female sufferer from flux; therefore the male sufferer from gonorrhea with a female sufferer from skin disease is permitted. He shall dwell outside his tent but not outside her tent. A male sufferer from skin disease with a female sufferer from flux is forbidden; a male sufferer from skin disease with a female sufferer from skin disease is forbidden.

10
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

It was stated: “The House of Shammai say, a Pharisee sufferer from gonorrhea may not eat with a vulgar sufferer from gonorrhea, but the House of Hillel permit it.” What is the reason of the House of Hillel? This one suffers from gonorrhea and that one suffers from gonorrhea. But what is the reason of the House of Shammai? If he gets used to him during the days of his impurity he will remain used to him in the days of his purity. The Elder Rebbi Ḥiyya commanded Rav, if you are able to eat profane food in purity the entire year long, eat it. But if not, eat it seven days per year.

11
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

“From here did Rebbi Phineas ben Yair say, promptitude brings to cleanliness, cleanliness brings to purity, purity brings to holiness, holiness to meekness, meekness to fear of sin, fear of sin to the Holy Spirit, the Holy Spirit to piety, piety to the Resurrection of the Dead, the Resurrection of the Dead through Elijah, may his remembrance be a blessing.”“Promptitude to cleanliness,” he finishes, and he atones.“Cleanliness to purity,” the Cohen shall atone for her, then she will be pure.“Purity to holiness,” he shall purify it and sanctify it.“Holiness to meekness,” for so says the High and Elevated One, Who thrones eternally, His name is Holy, in sublimity and holiness I dwell, and the suppressed and of meek spirit.“Meekness to fear of sin,” the consequence of meekness is fear of the Eternal. Rebbi Isaac bar Eleazar said, what wisdom proclaimed as a crown to its head, meekness made a heel for its sandal, for it is written, the head of wisdom is the fear of the Eternal, but it is written, the heel of meekness is fear of the Eternal.“Fear of sin to the Holy Spirit,” as it is written, then you will understand and knowledge of God you will find.“The Holy Spirit to piety,” as it is written, then You spoke in a vision to Your pious.“Piety to the Resurrection of the Dead,” as it is written, I shall give My Spirit into you and you will live.“The Resurrection of the Dead through Elijah, may his remembrance be a blessing,” as it is written, behold I am sending to you Elijah the prophet, before the coming of the great and awesome day of the Eternal, that he turn the fathers’ hearts to the sons and the sons’ hearts to their fathers.It was stated in the name of Rebbi Meïr: Anybody permanently in the Land of Israel who eats his profane food in purity, speaks in the holy language, and recites the Shemaˋ mornings and evenings is assured to participate in the life of the World to Come.

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Jerusalem Talmud Shabbat 1.3English
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The Jerusalem Talmud, edition, translation and commentary by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1999–2015). CC BY. Text from Sefaria (sefaria.org); commentary notes omitted. · Source ↗

Hebrew/Aramaic text: The Jerusalem Talmud, edition by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1999–2015), via Sefaria (sefaria.org). Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). Changes: footnotes and HTML formatting removed.

The Jerusalem Talmud, edition, translation and commentary by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1999–2015). CC BY. Text from Sefaria (sefaria.org); commentary notes omitted. · Source ↗

English translation: The Jerusalem Talmud, translation and commentary by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1999–2015); commentary notes omitted, via Sefaria (sefaria.org). Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). Changes: footnotes and HTML formatting removed.

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