Jerusalem Talmud Bava Kamma 3.8

משנה: הַמְבַקֵּעַ בִּרְשׁוּת הַיָּחִיד וְהִזִּיק בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים וְהִזִּיק בִּרְשׁוּת הַיָּחִיד בִּרְשׁוּת הַיָּחִיד וְהִזִּיק בִּרְשׁוּת הַיָּחִיד אַחֵר חַיָיב.

MISHNAH: If somebody split [wood] in a private domain and caused damage in the public domain, in the public domain and caused damage in a private domain, in a private domain and caused damage in another private domain, he is liable.

הלכה: הַמְבַקֵּעַ בִּרְשׁוּת הַיָּחִיד כול׳. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵי בֶּן חֲנִינָה. הָיָה עוֹמֵד וּמְבַקֵּעַ עֵצִים בַּחֲצֵירוֹ וְנִכְנַס פּוֹעֵל לִתְבוֹעַ שְׂכָרוֹ וְנִתְּזָה הַבְּקַעַת וְהִזִּיקַתּוּ חַיָיב. וְאִם מֵת אֵינוֹ גוֹלֶה. וְהָתַנֵּי רִבִּי חִיָיה. פָּטוּר. לֹא פְלִיגֵי. מַה דָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵי. בְּשֶׁרָאָהוּ. וּמַה דָמַר רִבִּי חִיָיה. בְּשֶׁלֹּא רָאָהוּ אִם בְּשֶׁלֹּא רָאָהוּ כֵּיוָן שֶׁאָמַר לוֹ הִיכָּנֵס חַיָיב. וְהָתַנֵּי רִבִּי חִיָיה. פָּטוּר. כֵּיוָן שֶׁאָמַר לוֹ הִכָּנֵס צָרִיךְ לִשְׁמוֹר עַצְמוֹ. וְאִית דְּבָעֵי מֵימַר. כֵּיוָן שֶׁאָמַר לוֹ הִיכָּנֵס נַעֲשִׂית כְּחָצֵר הַשּׁוּתָפִין. דָּמַר רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן בְּשֵׁם רִבִּי יַנַּאי הַשּׁוּתָפִין קוֹנִין זֶה מִזֶּה בֶּחָצֵר וְחַיָיבִין זֶה בְנִיזְקֵי זֶה וְזֶה בְנִיזְקֵי זֶה. וְלֹא כֵן אָמַר רַב. בִּמְמַלָּא כָּל רְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים. וְזוֹ מְמַלָּא כָּל רְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים. אָמְרֵי. מִכֵּיוָן שֶׁדַּרְכּוֹ לְהַלֵּךְ בְּחָצֵר כְּמִי שֶׁהוּא מְמַלֵּא כָּל הֶחָצֵר.

HALAKHAH: “If somebody split [wood] in a private domain,” etc. Rebbi Yose ben Ḥanina said, if he was splitting wood in his courtyard when a worker entered to claim his wages, and a splinter ricocheted and damaged him, he is liable. If he died he does not go into exile. But did not Rebbi Ḥiyya state, “he is not liable”? They do not disagree. What Rebbi Yose said, if he had seen him, but what Rebbi Ḥiyya said, if he had not seen him. If he had not seen him, once he said to him: enter, {should he not be liable? But did not Rebbi Ḥiyya state, “he is not liable”? Since he told him: enter, he has to take precautions. Some want to say, since he told him to enter it} becomes like the courtyard of partners, about which Rebbi Joḥanan said in the name of Rebbi Yannai: Partners acquire from one another in a courtyard and are mutually liable for damages. But did not Rav say: If he filled the entire public domain? And did this fill the entire public domain? They said, since he walks in the entire courtyard, it is as if he had filled the entire courtyard.