Rabbinic JudaismJerusalem Talmud Kilayim 2.1HOLYMAP · SACRED TEXTS
The Jerusalem TalmudJerusalem Talmud Kilayim 2.1

The Jerusalem Talmud

Jerusalem Talmud Kilayim 2.1

1
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

MISHNAH: Every seah that contains a quarter of seeds from another kind should be diminished; Rebbi Yose says, he must pick it out, whether it be from one kind or from two kinds. Rebbi Simeon said, they said it only for one kind, but the Sages say, everything that is kilaim with the seah counts together for a quarter. When is this said? Grain with grain, legumes with legumes, grain with legumes, legumes with grain. In truth, they said that garden seeds which are not eaten add up together for one in 24 when they fall on a bet seah. Rebbi Simeon said, that which they said to restrict, they also said for leniency. Flax seeds in grain add up together for one in 24 when they fall on a bet seah.

2
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

HALAKHAH: We have stated, “which contains.” Some Tannaïm state, “into which fell.” Rebbi Mana said, he who says “which contains” means one in 24, he who says “into which fell” means one in 25. Rebbi Yose ben Rebbi Abun said, both for him who says “which contains” and for him who says “into which fell,” it means one in 24. How is that? “Which contains,” if it is cut, “into which fell,” if it is standing.

3
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

What are we talking about? If he intended it for seed then even one grain of wheat is forbidden. If to mix in, it is forbidden to mix. Rebbi Jacob bar Aḥa, Abba bar Ḥiyya in the name of Rav: He who takes out impurities from his neighbor’s heap has to give him good grain in their stead. Rebbi Yose said, this implies that one is forbidden to mix in; if you say that one is permitted to mix them back in, why require good grain instead?

4
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

If one sold wheat as [standard] good quality and it turned out to be sifted, may he take out the value of that quarter? The words of the rabbis say that he cannot take out the value of that quarter, for Rebbi Jacob bar Aḥa, Abba bar Ḥiyya said in the name of Rav: He who takes out impurities from his neighbor’s grain has to give him good grain in their stead. If he removed one and one half quarters, may he take out the value of that quarter? Rebbi Ḥinena and Rebbi Mana. Rebbi Ḥinena said, he takes it out. Rebbi Mana said, he does not take it out, because he can say to him, if you had returned it to me, I would have bundled it for the Saracens who would have bought it; what that buyer sees is what he buys.

5
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

But when they were mixed up during transport. But did we not state: “In truth, they said that garden seeds which are not eaten add up together for one in 24 when they fall on a bet seah.” And we stated on that, this is a qab or half a qab. What could one do with the twenty-fourth part of half a qab? For that, they are worried because of the bad impression. They were not worried because of the bad impression from a lesser amount.

6
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

“Should be diminished.” How does he diminish? Either he removes from the quarter or he adds to the seah. But did not Rebbi Joḥanan say (Rebbi Abbahu in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan), for all prohibitions, if one added in error, it is permitted, if intentionally, it is forbidden. There you add to annul a Torah prohibition, but here you add because of the bad impression.

7
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

“Rebbi Yose says, he must pick it out.” What is the reason of Rebbi Yose? Because he started with the quarter, he must finish the entire quarter. Rebbi Yose agrees that if there was less than a quarter when he started, he does not need to attend to it. How is that done? If there was a quarter composed of two kinds, does he pick out one kind and that is sufficient, or does he have to pick out everything?

8
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

“Rebbi Simeon said, they said it only for one kind,” not two kinds. How far? Up to the greater part of the seah. If he added afterwards, the grain returned to its permitted status. Just as Rebbi Simeon said, two kinds do not combine for prohibition, so he says that they do not combine for permission. How is that done? If there were twenty-three and one half quarters of wheat and half a quarter of barley, and into that fell less than a quarter of lentils, even so the two kinds would not combine for permission.

9
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

We have stated about this, “three or four qab,” hence two qab go by one in 24. “In truth;” Rebbi Eleazar said that every place where they stated “in truth,” it is practice going back to Moses on Mount Sinai. And we stated about this, for example a qab or half a qab.Hence, two qab go by a quarter. Here you say, two qab by a quarter, and there you say, two qab by one in 24. Rebbi Zeïra and Rebbi Abun in the name of Rav Huna; one says, nine qab, the other says, eight qab.

10
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

Do nine and ten join together? Come and see, nine and three come together, so much more nine and ten!

11
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

Rebbi Abin and Rebbi Ḥanina both say that a split seah is between them. A quarter seah may prohibit three qab, and a quarter of three qab may prohibit a seah. A quarter seah may prohibit nine qab, and a quarter of nine qab may prohibit a seah. Three quarters of flax seed prohibit a seah. How is this? On a plot on which one sows one quarter of wheat, one sows three quarters of flax seed.

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Jerusalem Talmud Kilayim 2.1English
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Jerusalem Talmud Kilayim 2.10%

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The Jerusalem Talmud, edition, translation and commentary by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1999–2015). CC BY. Text from Sefaria (sefaria.org); commentary notes omitted. · Source ↗

Hebrew/Aramaic text: The Jerusalem Talmud, edition by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1999–2015), via Sefaria (sefaria.org). Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). Changes: footnotes and HTML formatting removed.

The Jerusalem Talmud, edition, translation and commentary by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1999–2015). CC BY. Text from Sefaria (sefaria.org); commentary notes omitted. · Source ↗

English translation: The Jerusalem Talmud, translation and commentary by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1999–2015); commentary notes omitted, via Sefaria (sefaria.org). Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). Changes: footnotes and HTML formatting removed.

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