Jerusalem Talmud Eruvin 4.8

משנה: זֶהוּ שֶׁאָמְרוּ הֶעָנִי מְעָרֵב בְּרַגְלָיו. רִבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר אֵין לָנוּ אֶלָּא עָנִי. רִבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר אֶחָד עָנִי וְאֶחָד עָשִׁיר. שֵׁלֹּא אָמְרוּ מְעָרְבִין בַּפַּת אֶלָּא לְהָקֵל עַל הֶעָשִׁיר שֶׁלֹּא יֵצֵא וִיעָרֵב בְּרַגְלָיו:

MISHNAH: That is what they said, the poor person makes an eruv with his feet. Rebbi Meïr says, we only have the poor. Rebbi Jehudah says, both poor and rich; they said that one makes an eruv with bread, only to make it easy for the rich that he does not have to go out and make the eruv with his feet.

הלכה: פיס׳. אָמַר רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן לְמָה הַדָּבָר דוֹמֶה כול׳. מִי שֶׁבָּא בַדֶּרֶךְ וְהָיָה יָרֵא שֶׁמָּא תֶּחֱשֶׁךְ כול׳. אִם אֵינוֹ מַכִּיר אוֹ אֵינוֹ בַהֲלָכָה כול׳. זוֹ הִיא שֶׁאָמְרוּ. הֶעָנִי מְעָרֵב בְּרַגְלָיו כול׳. רִבִּי מֵאִיר סָבַר. עִיקַּר עֵירוּב בַּכִּכָּר. וְלָמָּה אָמְרוּ. בְּרַגְלָיו. לְהָקֵל עַל הֶעָנִי שֶׁאֵין לוֹ כִכָּר. וְרִבִּי יוּדָא אָמַר. עִיקַּר עֵירוּב בְּרַגְלָיו. וְלָמָּה אָמְרוּ. בַּכִּכָּר. לְהָקֵל עַל הֶעָשִׁיר שֶׁלֹּא יֵצֵא בְרַגְלָיו.

HALAKHAH: Paragraph. “Rebbi Simeon says, to what is this similar,” etc. “If somebody was on the road and is afraid lest it get dark,” etc. “If he does not know or is not conversant with practice,” etc. “That is what they said, the poor person makes an eruv with his feet,” etc. Rebbi Meïr is of the opinion, the main point of an eruv is by a loaf. Why did they say, by his feet? To make it easy for the poor who has no loaf. And Rebbi Jehudah said, the main point of an eruv is by his feet. Why did they say, by a loaf? To make it easy for the rich person that he does not have to go out by his feet.

אַף עַל גַּב דְּרִבִּי יוּדָה אָמַר. עִיקַּר עֵירוּב בְּרַגְלָיו. וּבִלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא יֵשֵׁב לוֹ בְתוֹךְ בֵּיתוֹ וְיֹאמַר. תִּקָּנֶה לִי שְׁבִיתָה בְּמָקוֹם פְּלוֹנִי. אֶלָּא יֵצֵא לוֹ חוּץ (לַשָׂדֶה) [לַתְּחוּם] וְיֹאמַר. תִּקָּנֶה לִי שְׁבִיתָה בְּמָקוֹם הַזֶּה. וּמַמְתִּין שָׁם עַד שֶׁחֲשֵׁיכָה. וְחוֹזֵר וּבָא לְעִירוֹ. וְתַנֵּי כֵן. מַעֲשֶׂה בְּמִשְׁפַּחַת בֵּית מַמָּה וּמִשְׁפַּחַת בֵּית גּוֹרְיוֹן מֵרוּמָה. שֶׁהָיוּ מְחַלְּקִין גְּרוֹגְרוֹת לָעֲנִיִּים בִּשְׁנֵי בַצּוֹרֶת. וְהָיוּ עֲנִיֵּי שִׁיחִין יוֹצְאִין וּמְעָרְבִין בְּרַגְלֵיהֶן. וּמַמְתִּינִים שָׁם עַד שֶׁתֶּחְשָׁךְ. וּלְמָחָר הָיוּ נִכְנָסִין וְאוֹכְלִין שָׁם וְחוֹזְרִין. וְכָל מַה שֶׁהֵן עוֹשִׂין עַל פִּי חֲכָמִים הָיוּ עוֹשִׂין.

Even though Rebbi Jehudah said, the main point of an eruv is by his feet, only that he should not sit in his house and say, my Sabbath rest should be acquired at place x. But he should go out to (the field) [the Sabbath boundary] and say, my Sabbath rest should be acquired at this place, and wait there until it gets dark; then return to his village. And it was stated thus: “It happened that the family of Bet Mamma and the family of Bet Gorion in Ruma were distributing dried figs in years of draught, that the poor of Shiḥin were going out, make eruv with their feet, waiting there until nightfall. The next day they were going there, ate there, and returned. And all their actions they were doing on the advice of the Sages.”