Rabbinic JudaismJerusalem Talmud Peah 3.1HOLYMAP · SACRED TEXTS
The Jerusalem TalmudJerusalem Talmud Peah 3.1

The Jerusalem Talmud

Jerusalem Talmud Peah 3.1

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English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

MISHNAH: Rectangles of grain between olive trees: The House of Shammai say, peah from each single one, the House of Hillel say, from one for all of them. They agree that one gives one peah for all of them if the edges of the rows are touching. If someone harvests his field in spots and leaves moist stalks, Rebbi Aqiba says, peah from each spot, but the Sages say, from one for all of them. The Sages agree with Rebbi Aqiba that he who sows dill or mustard at three different places gives peah from each spot.

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English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

HALAKHAH: We have stated: “between olive trees.” In the House of Rebbi they stated “between fruit trees.” Our Mishnah needs the one of the House of Rebbi and that of the House of Rebbi needs our Mishnah. If we had stated, but not the House of Rebbi, we would say that it said only “between olive trees”, which in themselves are subject to peah, but for those which are free from the obligation of peah even the House of Shammai will agree that he gives one peah for all of them. Hence, our Mishnah needs that of Rebbi. Or if there were the declaration of the House of Rebbi but we had not stated ours, we would say that it refers only to those which are between trees free from the obligation of peah, but for trees which in themselves are subject to peah even the House of Hillel will agree that he gives peah from each single one. Hence, both our Mishnah and the baraita of the House of Rebbi are needed.

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English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

What are we dealing with? If they are widely spaced, even the House of Shammai will agree that he gives one peah for all of them. If they are densely planted, the House of Hillel will agree that he gives peah from each single one. But we deal with the case of 10 plants on a bet se’ah. The House of Shammai compare it to widely spaced, the House of Hillel compare it to densely planted ones.

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English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

What is the reason of the House of Shammai? People do not usually introduce seeds between trees. Does it turn out that the House of Shammai are like Rebbi Yose? Just as Rebbi Yose said that people do not usually introduce onions between vegetables, so the House of Shammai say that people do not usually introduce seeds between trees! It is reasonable to say that the House of Shammai will agree with Rebbi Yose but Rebbi Yose will not agree with the House of Shammai. The House of Shammai will agree with Rebbi Yose that people do not usually introduce onions between vegetables. Rebbi Yose will not agree with the House of Shammai because people usually introduce seeds between trees.

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English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

If there was a fence there, it is like a tree. How about two?

6
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

So far if they are combined from one side and the other. If they were combined only on one side, either by three coarse furrows or at any place?

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English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

“He who harvests his field in spots,” etc. Like a spotted field; the place where fertilizer makes plants grow early is called “spotted.”

8
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

So far if it was dry on both sides and moist in the middle. How about being moist on both sides and dry in the middle?

9
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

Rebbi Abba, Rebbi Ḥiyya in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: “Rebbi Meïr follows the argument of his teacher Rebbi Aqiba. Just as Rebbi Aqiba says that moist and dry are two different kinds, so Rebbi Meïr says that moist and dry are two different kinds.” The colleagues said before Rebbi Yose: Why should he argue like Rebbi Aqiba? He could argue even like the Rabbis since we have stated there (Mishnah 3:3): “He who rips out moist onions for the market and keeps dry ones for storage!” Rebbi Yose answered: We understand that market and storage make two kinds, are moist and dry two kinds?

10
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

Two kinds, half moist and half dry, even Rebbi Aqiba will agree. But did we not state: “The Sages agree with Rebbi Aqiba that he who sows dill and mustard at three different places …” It is so: Either dill at three places or mustard at three places. Samuel says, because the first one does not wait for the last one. Rebbi Yasa in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: Because they usually are being sown bed by bed. According to Samuel, he has to give from each stalk; according to Rebbi Joḥanan he has to give from each bed.

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Jerusalem Talmud Peah 3.1English
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Jerusalem Talmud Peah 3.10%

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The Jerusalem Talmud, edition, translation and commentary by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1999–2015). CC BY. Text from Sefaria (sefaria.org); commentary notes omitted. · Source ↗

Hebrew/Aramaic text: The Jerusalem Talmud, edition by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1999–2015), via Sefaria (sefaria.org). Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). Changes: footnotes and HTML formatting removed.

The Jerusalem Talmud, edition, translation and commentary by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1999–2015). CC BY. Text from Sefaria (sefaria.org); commentary notes omitted. · Source ↗

English translation: The Jerusalem Talmud, translation and commentary by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1999–2015); commentary notes omitted, via Sefaria (sefaria.org). Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). Changes: footnotes and HTML formatting removed.

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