Rabbinic JudaismJerusalem Talmud Maasrot 3.4HOLYMAP · SACRED TEXTS
The Jerusalem TalmudJerusalem Talmud Maasrot 3.4

The Jerusalem Talmud

Jerusalem Talmud Maasrot 3.4

1
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

MISHNAH: From a fig tree standing in a courtyard, one may eat one by one and if he took them together he is obligated. Rebbi Simeon says, one in his right hand, one in his left hand, and one in his mouth. If he climbed to the top of the tree he may fill the fold of his toga and eat. From a vine planted in a courtyard one may take an entire bunch; the same holds for a pomegranate and a watermelon, the words of Rebbi Ṭarphon. Rebbi Aqiba says, he takes single grape berries, single seeds of a pomegranate, and picks from the watermelon. Of coriander sown in the courtyard he snips off leaf by leaf and eats; when he takes them together they are obligated. Calamint, hyssop, and thyme in the courtyard are obligated if they are guarded. If a fig tree was standing in a courtyard but its crown was hanging over a vegetable garden, one eats as usual and is free. If it was standing in a vegetable garden but its crown was hanging over a courtyard, one eats one by one and if he takes them together he is obligated. If it was standing in the Land and hanging over outside the Land or standing outside the Land and hanging over the Land, everything is determined by the stem. For houses of walled cities, everything is determined by the stem. For cities of refuge, all goes by the crown, for Jerusalem all goes by the crown.

2
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

HALAKHAH: It was stated: One gives him time to hit it a first, second, and third time. Rebbi Jonah in the name of Rebbi Zeїra: If he collected the second one during the time allotted for the first, both became ṭevel.

3
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

Rebbi Jeremiah asked: If he threw the first higher in the air than 10 [hand-breadths] and it did not descend below 10 [hand-breadths] when he collected the second one, did both of them become ṭevel?

4
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

Rebbi Eleazar ben Rebbi Simeon says, three in his right hand, three in his left hand, and three in his mouth. Since Rebbi Eleazar ben Rebbi Simeon was a glutton, he estimated so for himself. Rebbi Eleazar ben Rebbi Simeon went to his father-in-law Rebbi Simeon ben Rebbi Yose ben Laqonia who repeatedly mixed wine for him which he gulped down. He said to him, did you not hear from your father how one swallows from a cup? He said to him, one gulp if it is unmixed, two gulps [if mixed] with cold water, three with hot water. But the Sages did not estimate this with your wine which is good, or with your cup which is small, or with my belly which is large.

5
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

Rebbi Joshua ben Qorḥah called him “vinegar son of wine.” He said to him, why do you call me that? He said to him, you should have gone to Laodicea. He said to him: Do I not mow mowable thorns from the garden? He said to him, you should have gone to the end of the world to let the owner of the garden cut his thorns.

6
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

If it rolled away by itself, can he bring it back as you say there, may he bring them back to their intended place and eat? Is it the same here? There, he brings it back to an exempt place but here he brings it back to a place of obligation. To what do you compare if he stood in the crown of a fig tree, to one who stands in town or in a field? It refers to the following: If he stood in town and said: I know that the workers are forgetting a sheaf at place X; if they forgot it is not a forgotten sheaf. If he stood in a field and said: I know that the workers are forgetting a sheaf at place X; [if they forgot] it is a forgotten sheaf, since it says (Deut. 24:19): “In your field and you forget a sheaf.” In the field you forget, but in town you do not forget.

7
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

There, we have stated: “If he was eating a bunch of grapes and entered into the courtyard from the garden. Rebbi Eliezer said, he should finish, but Rebbi Joshua said, he should not finish.” Rebbi Zeїra in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: Either Rebbi Ṭarphon says following Rebbi Eliezer or Rebbi Ṭarphon says, one makes the cut of food equal to its start. Rebbi Illa, Rebbi Assi in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: Either Rebbi Ṭarphon follows Rebbi Eliezer or Rebbi Ṭarphon makes one snack containing two or three snacks equal to one snack. What is the reason of Rebbi Eliezer? Because he started with permission. It was stated: “Rebbi Nathan said, not that Rebbi Eliezer said because he started with permission but Rebbi Eliezer holds he should wait until the end of the Sabbath or he should leave the courtyard again and finish.”

8
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

It was stated in the name of Rebbi Neḥemiah: “A courtyard which regularly is being weeded is like a vegetable garden.” Rebbi Simlai said, practice follws Rebbi Neḥemiah. It was stated: If most of it was sown it is obligated, if planted it is free. Rav Ḥisda said, only if he planted to embellish the courtyard. This infers from that and that infers from this. This infers from that, if most of it was sown, it is obligated if it is weeded. That infers from this, if it was weeded it is acceptable only if most of it was weeded.

9
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

This means “one eats as usual and is free”, when he is standing in the garden; this means “if one eats one by one he is free but if he takes them together he is obligated” if he stands in the courtyard.

10
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

Rebbi Jeremiah asked before Rebbi Zeїra: If it was taken with a dwqny? Example: Rebbi Zeїra, Rebbi Abba bar Cahana, and Rebbi Levi were sitting together when Rebbi Zeїra was goading those of Agadah and called them books of sorcery. Rebbi Abba bar Cahana said to him, why are you goading us? Ask and they will answer you. He said to him, what means that which is written (Ps. 76:11): “For the rage of man brings thanks to You, the leftover rages You will gird?” He said to him, for the rage of man brings thanks to You in this world, the leftover rages You will gird in the future world. He said to him, why can we not say, for the rage of man brings thanks to You in the future world, the leftover rages You will gird in this world? Rebbi Levi said, when You awaken Your rage on the wicked, they will see what You are doing and they will bring thanks to Your name. Rebbi Zeїra said, the same turns and turns around and one does not understand anything from it. Jeremiah my son, go to Tyre, wrap your dwqny because it is better than anything.

11
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

There, we have stated: “Everything inside the wall is like houses of a walled city except fields. Rebbi Meïr says, including fields.” “ What is the reason of the rabbis? (Lev. 25:30) ‘The house stands.’ Not only houses; from where do we include oilpresses, cisterns, ditches, caves, bathhouses, dovecots, and towers? The verse says, ‘which is in the city’. I could think, also fields? The verse says, ‘the house.’ The house is special in that it is a dwelling, that excludes fields which are not for dwelling. What is the reason of Rebbi Meїr? ‘The house stands.’ Not only houses; from where do we include oilpresses, cisterns, ditches, caves, bathhouses, dovecots, towers, and fields? The verse says, ‘which is in the city’.”

12
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

(Lev. 25:30) 168“ ‘Which has a wall’, this excludes a house which is built as a wall, the words of Rebbi Jehudah. Rebbi Simeon says, its outer wall is the city wall.” Rebbi Jehudah explains ‘which has a wall’; Rebbi Simeon explains ‘which has no wall’.

13
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

Rebbi Ḥinena said, this is only if he arrived by the crown. But if he arrived by the stem, the stem already received him.

14
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

Our Mishnah follows the House of Shammai who say, all has the status of inside. It was stated: If he turned the crown towards the inside, all is counted as inside. The earlier Tannaїm follow the House of Shammai.13

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Jerusalem Talmud Maasrot 3.4English
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Jerusalem Talmud Maasrot 3.40%

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The Jerusalem Talmud, edition, translation and commentary by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1999–2015). CC BY. Text from Sefaria (sefaria.org); commentary notes omitted. · Source ↗

Hebrew/Aramaic text: The Jerusalem Talmud, edition by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1999–2015), via Sefaria (sefaria.org). Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). Changes: footnotes and HTML formatting removed.

The Jerusalem Talmud, edition, translation and commentary by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1999–2015). CC BY. Text from Sefaria (sefaria.org); commentary notes omitted. · Source ↗

English translation: The Jerusalem Talmud, translation and commentary by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1999–2015); commentary notes omitted, via Sefaria (sefaria.org). Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). Changes: footnotes and HTML formatting removed.

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