Jerusalem Talmud Ketubot 1.5

משנה: הָאוֹכֵל אֵצֶל חָמִיו בִּיהוּדָה שֶׁלֹּא בְעֵדִים אֵינוֹ יָכוֹל לִטְעוֹן טַעֲנַת בְּתוּלִים מִפְּנֵי שֶׁמִּתְיָחֵד עִמָּהּ. אֶחָד אַלְמָנַת יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאֶחָד אַלְמָנַת כֹּהֲנִים כְּתוּבָּתָן מְנָה. בֵּית דִּין שֶׁלַּכֹּהֲנִים הָיוּ גוֹבִין לַבְּתוּלָה אַרְבַּע מֵאוֹת זוּז וְלֹא מִיחוּ בְיָדָם חֲכָמִים.

MISHNAH: If somebody eats at his father-in-law’s in Judea without chaperones cannot claim missing virginity since he is alone with her. Both for an Israel widow as a Cohanim widow the ketubah is a mina. The court of priests collected 400 zuz for a virgin, to which the Sages did not object.

הלכה: הָאוֹכֵל אֵצֶל חָמִיו כול׳. בָּרִאשׁוֹנָה גָזְרוּ שְׁמָד בִּיהוּדָה. שֶׁכֵּן מְסוֹרֶת לָהֶם מֵאֲבוֹתָם שֶׁיְּהוּדָה הָרַג אֶת עֵשָׂו. דִּכְתִיב יָדְךָ בְּעוֹרֶף אוֹיְבֶיךָ. וְהָיוּ הוֹלְכִין וּמְשַׁעְבְּדִין בָּהֶן וְאוֹנְסִין אֶת בְּנוֹתֵיהֶן וְגָזְרוּ שֶׁיְּהֵא אִיסְטְרָטֵיוֹס בּוֹעֵל תְּחִילָּה. הִתְקִינוּ שֶׁיְּהֵא בַּעֲלָהּ בָּא עָלֶיהָ עוֹדָהּ בְּבֵית אָבִיהָ. שֶׁמִּתּוֹךְ שֶׁהִיא יוֹדַעַת שֶׁאֵימַת בַּעֲלָהּ עָלֶיהָ עוֹד הִיא נִגְרֶרֶת. מִּכָּל מָקוֹם אֵין סוֹפָהּ לְהִיבָּעֵל מֵאִיסְטְרָטֵיוֹס. אֲנוּסָה הִיא וַאֲנוּסָה מוּתֶּרֶת לְבֵיתָהּ. כֹּהֲנוֹת מָה הָיוּ עוֹשׂוֹת. מַטְמִינוֹת הָיוּ. וְיַטְמִינוּ אַף בְּנוֹת יִשְׂרָאֵל. קוֹל יוֹצֵא וּמַלְכוּתָא שָׁמְעָה וְאִילֵּין וְאִילֵּין מִתְעָרְבְבִין. מַה סֵימָן הָיָה לָהֶן. קוֹל מַגֵּרוֹס בָּעִיר. מִשְׁתֶּה שָׁם מִשְׁתֶּה שָׁם. אוֹר הַנֵּר בִּבְרוֹר חַיִל. שָׁבוּעַ בֶּן שָׁבוּעַ בֶּן. אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁבָּטַל הַשְּׁמָד הַמִנְהַג לא בָטַל. כַּלָּתוֹ שֶׁלְּרִבִּי הוֹשַׁעְיָה נִכְנְסָה מְעוּבֶּרֶת.

HALAKHAH: “If somebody eats at his father-in-law’s,” etc. In earlier times they decided on a persecution in Judea because they had a tradition from their forefathers that Jehudah had killed Esaw, as it is written: “Your hand is on your enemies’ neck.” They went and enslaved them and raped their daughters; they decided that a soldier would have sex with her first. They decreed that her husband should come to her when still in her father’s house; for when she knows that her husband’s fear is on her she is drawn after him. But is she not in the end being used for sex by a soldier? She is raped, and a rape victim is permitted to her husband. What did Cohanot do? They were hiding them. Why did they not also hide the daughters of Israel? That becomes talk and the government hears it; then these and those will be taken together. What kind of a sign did they have? The talk of a cook in town: There is a wedding meal, there is a wedding meal; there is light in Beror-Ḥayil: a week for a son, a week for a son. When the persecution ended, the custom did not end. Rebbi Hoshaia’s daughter-in-law was pregnant when she married definitively.

תַּנֵּי. וְלָאַלְמָנָה מָאתַיִם. תַּנֵּי. אֶחָד אַלְמָנַת יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאֶחָד אַלְמָנַת כֹּהֲנִים כְּסֵדֶר הַזֶּה. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵי. מִסְתַּבְּרָא בַּת כֹּהֵן לְיִשְׂרָאֵל תִּגְבֶּה. שֶׁשִּׁבְטָהּ גּוֹבֶה. בַּת יִשְׂרָאֵל לְכֹהֵן לֹא תִגְבֶּה. לָא מִסְתַּיָיה דִסְלִיקָא לִכְהוּנָתָא אֶלָּא דְתֵימַר תִּגְבֶּה. אָמַר רִבִּי מָנָא. לָא מִסְתַּבְּרָא דְלָא חֲלִיפִין. בַּת יִשְׂרָאֵל לְכֹהֵן תִּגְבֶּה דִסְלִיקָה לִכְהוּנָתָא. וּבַת כֹּהֵן לָא תִגְבֶּה דִנְחִיתָא מִן כְּהוּנָתָא. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵי בֵּירִבִּי אָבוּן. אַחַת זוֹ וְאַחַת זוֹ קְנָס קָנְסוּ בָהֶן כְּדֵי שֶׁיְּהֵא אָדָם מִידְבַּק בְּשִׁבְטוֹ וּבְמִשְׁפַּחְתּוֹ.

It was stated: “And for a widow 200.” It was stated: “This order applies both to a widow of an Israel and a widow of a Cohen”. Rebbi Yose said, it is reasonable that the daughter of a Cohen should collect, for her tribe collects. The daughter of an Israel married to a Cohen should not collect; is it not sufficient that she rose to the priesthood that you say, she should collect? Rebbi Mana said, it is reasonable the other way. The daughter of an Israel married to a Cohen should collect for she rose to the priesthood; the daughter of a Cohen should not collect for she stepped down from the priesthood. Rebbi Yose bar Abun said, in both cases they demanded a fine so that everybody should cling to his tribe and family.