Jerusalem Talmud Bava Kamma 9.3

משנה: גָּזַל מַטְבֵּעַ וְנִסְדַּק פֵּירוֹת וְהִרְכִּיבוּ יַיִן וְהֶחֱמִיץ מְשַׁלֵּם כְּשָׁעַת הַגְּזֵילָה. מַטְבֵּעַ וְנִפְסַל תְּרוּמָה וְנִטְמֵאת חָמֵץ וְעָבַר עָלָיו הַפֶּסַח בְּהֵמָה וְנֶעֶבְדָה בָהּ עֲבֵירֵה אוֹ שֶׁנִּפְסְלָה מֵעַל גַּבֵּי הַמִּזְבֵּחַ אוֹ שֶׁהָיְתָה יוֹצֵאת לִיסָּקֵל אוֹמֵר לוֹ הֲרֵי שֶׁלָּךְ לְפָנֶיךָ.

MISHNAH: If he robbed a coin and it was split, fruits and they rotted, wine and it spoiled, he pays their value at the time of the robbery. A coin and it was declared invalid, heave and it became impure, leavened matter and Passover passed, an animal which was used for sin, or which became disqualified from the altar, or which was taken out to be stoned, he tells him: Here is your property before you.

הלכה: גָּזַל מַטְבֵּעַ וְנִסְדַּק כול׳. רַב הוּנָא אָמַר. בְּשֶׁפְּסָלַתּוּ מַלְכוּת. שְׁמוּאֵל אָמַר בְּשֶׁנִּסְדַּק וַדַּאי. רִבִּי יוּדָה בֶּן פָּזִי בְשֵׁם רִבִּי יוֹסֵי בַּר חֲנִינָה. וְהֵן שֶׁהִרְקִיבוּ מִן הַכְּנִימָה. אֲבָל אִם הִרְקִיבוּ מִתּוֹלַעַת כִּבְרִיאִין הֵן. רַב הוּנָא אָמַר. בְּשֶׁפְּסָלַתּוּ מַלְכוּת. אֲבָל פְּסָלַתּוּ מְדִינָה אוֹמֵר לוֹ הֲרֵי שֶׁלָּךְ לְפָנֶיךָ. שְׁמוּאֵל אָמַר. אֲפִלוּ פְּסָלַתּוּ מַלְכוּת אוֹמֵר לוֹ. הֲרֵי שֶׁלָּךְ לְפָנֶיךָ.

HALAKHAH: “If he robbed a coin and it was split,” etc. Rav Huna said, if the government invalidated it. Samuel said, if really it was split. Rebbi Jehudah ben Pazi in the name of Rebbi Yose ben Ḥanina: Only if they rotted because of maggots but if they rotted because of worms they are like healthy ones. Rav Huna said, if the government invalidated it, but if the country invalidated it, he may say to him: Here is your property before you. Samuel said, even if the government invalidated it, he may say to him: Here is your property before you.

רִבִּי יוּדָן לָא נְחִית לְבֵית וַועֲדָא. קָם עִם רִבִּי מָנָא. אֲמַר לֵיהּ. מַה חִידּוּת הֲוָה לְכוֹן בְּבֵי מִדְרָשָׁא יוֹמָא דֵין. אֲמַר לֵיהּ. מִילָּה פַלָּן. אָמַר לֵיהּ. וְלֹא מַתְנִיתָא הִיא. תְּרוּמָה וְנִטְמֵאת. אָמַר לֵיהּ. תִּיפְתָּר בְּשֶׁנִּיטְמֵאת מֵאֵילֶיהָ וְלֵית שְׁמַע מִינָּהּ כְּלוּם.

Rebbi Yudan did not go to the house of assembly. He met Rebbi Mana and asked him, what was new for you in the house of study today? He told him, such and such a subject. He replied, is that not a Mishnah, “heave and it became impure”? He replied, explain it if it became impure by itself and you cannot infer anything.

חִילְפַיי אָמַר. נִשְׁבַּע לוֹ קוֹדֶם הַפֶּסַח. אַחַר הַפֶּסַח מְשַׁלֵּם לוֹ חָמֵץ יָפֶה. אָמַר רִבִּי מָנָא. אָזְלִית לְקַיְסָרִין וְאַשְׁכְּחִית לְרִבִּי חִזְקִיָּה דְּדָרִיש לָהּ מִשּׁוֹם דְּרִבִּי יַעֲקֹב בַּר אָחָא. אִין אִית בַּר נַשׁ פְּלִיג עַל חִילְפַיי שֶׁאֵין מְשַׁלֵּם חָמֵץ יָפֶה. הַכֹּל מוֹדִין בְּחָמֵץ שֶׁמְשַׁלֵּם חָמֵץ יָפֶה.

Ḥilfai said, if he swore to him before Passover, then after Passover he pays him for fully useable leavened matter. Rebbi Mana said, I went to Caesarea and asked Rebbi Ḥizqiah, who quoted this in the name of Rebbi Jacob bar Aḥa, is there anybody who disagrees with Ḥilfai so that he would not have to pay for fully useable leavened matter? Everybody agrees about leavened matter that he has to pay for fully useable leavened matter.