Jerusalem Talmud Pesachim 7.13

משנה: שְׁתֵּי חֲבוּרוֹת שֶׁהָיוּ אוֹכְלוֹת בְּבַיִת אֶחָד אֵילּוּ הוֹפְכִין אֶת פְּנֵיהֶם הֵילָךְ וְאוֹכְלִין וְאֵילּוּ הוֹפְכִין אֶת פְּנֵיהֶם הֵילָךְ וְאוֹכְלִין וְהַמֵּיחַם בָּאֶמְצַע. וּכְשֶׁהַשַּׁמָּשׁ עוֹמֵד לִמְזוֹג קוֹפֵץ אֶת פִּיו וּמַחֲזִיר אֶת פָּנָיו עַד שֶׁמַּגִּיעַ אֵצֶל חֲבוּרָתוֹ וְאוֹכֵל. וְהַכַּלָּה הוֹפֶכֶת אֶת פָּנֶיהָ וְאוֹכֶלֶת:

MISHNAH: Two groups which were eating in the same room, these are turning their faces in one direction while eating, and those are turning their faces in one direction while eating, and the samovar is in the middle. When the waiter stands to mix, he closes his mouth and turns his head unless he is near his own group and eats. But the newly-wed may turn aside her face and eat.

הלכה: כָּתוּב וְלֹא תוֹצִיא מִן הַבַּיִת מִן הַבָּשָׂר חוּצָה. אֵין לִי אֶלָּא חוּץ לַבָּיִת. חוּץ לַחֲבוּרָה מְנַיִין. תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר לֹא תוֹצִיא חוּצָה. אָמַר רִבִּי יוּדָן. מִיכָּן שֶׁאִם (אָמַר הֲרֵינִי) [הוֹצִיא] חוּץ לַחֲבוּרָה. שֶׁהוּא מִתְחַיֵיב. אָמַר רִבִּי מָנָא. יֹאמַר קִרְיָיא. לֹא תוֹצִיא חוּצָה. וַנָן אָמְרִין. אִם חוּץ לַחֲבוּרָה שֶׁהוּא מִתְחַיֵיב. לֹא כָל שֶׁכֵּן חוּץ לַבָּיִת.

HALAKHAH: “It is written, do not remove any meat from the house to the outside. I have not only outside the house, from where outside the group? The verse says, do not remove to the outside.” Rebbi Yudan said, from here that he makes himself liable if he (said I am) [removed] away from the group. Rebbi Mana said, the verse should have said, do not remove to the outside, and we would have said, if he makes himself liable outside the group, not so much more outside the house?

רִבִּי אִימִּי בָעֵי. הוֹצִיא מֵחֲבוּרָה לַחֲבוּרָה כִּשְׁנִי זֵתִים חַיָיב שְׁתַּיִם. מִשּׁוּם לֹא תוֹצִיא מִן הַבַּיִת וּמִשּׁוּם לֹא תוֹצִיא חוּצָה. נִמְנוּ עַל הַפֶּסַח. הוֹצִיא אֶחָד כְּזַיִת חַיָיב. שְׁנַיִם שְׁלֹשְׁה פְטוּרִין. מִפְּנֵי שֶׁבְּנֵי חֲבוּרָתָן רְאוּיִין לְהִימָּשֵׁךְ אֶצְלָן. אֶלְּא שֶׁהֵן עוֹבְרִין בָּעֲשֵׂה. וּכְרִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אֲפִילוּ בָעֲשֵׂה אֵינָן עוֹבְרִין. דְּתַנֵּי. עַל הַבָּתִּים אֲשֶׁר יֹאכְלוּ אוֹתוֹ בָּהֶם. מְלַמֵּד שֶׁהַפֶּסַח נֶאֱכַל בִּשְׁנֵי מְקוֹמוֹת. יָכוֹל אַף אוֹכְלָיו יְהוּ אוֹכְלִין אוֹתוֹ בִשְׁנֵי מְקוֹמוֹת. תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר בְּבַיִת אֶחָד יֵאָכֵל. הָא כֵיצַד. פֶּסַח נֶאֱכַל בִּשְׁנֵי מְקוֹמוֹת. וְאֵין אוֹכְלָיו אוֹכְלִין אוֹתוֹ בִשְׁנֵי מְקוֹמוֹת. [רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר. אַף אוֹכְלָיו אוֹכְלִין אוֹתוֹ בִשְׁנֵי מְקוֹמוֹת.] מַה מְקַיֵים רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בְּבַיִת אֶחָד יֵאָכֵל. שֶׁלֹּא תְהֵא חֲבוּרָה מִקְצָתָהּ אוֹכֶלֶת בִּפְנִים וּמִקְצָתָהּ אוֹכֶלֶת בַּחוּץ. יָחִיד שֶׁהוֹצִיא כְזַיִת חוּץ לַחֲבוּרָה. מִפְּנֵי שֶׁבְּנֵי חֲבוּרָתוּ רְאוּיִים לִימָּשֵׁךְ אֶצְלוֹ. נִפְטָר מִלֹּא תַעֲשֵׂה. רִבִּי חֵיָיה בַּר בָּא בָעֵי. לָמָּה לִי כְרִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן. אֲפִילוּ כְּרַבָּנִן. מִפְּנֵי שֶׁבְּנֵי חֲבוּרָתָן רְאוּיִין לִימָּשֵׁךְ אֶצְלָן נִפְטְרוּ מִלֹּא תַעֲשֵׂה. אֲפִילוּ בַעֲשֵׂה לֹא יְהוּ.

Rebbi Immi asked, if he removed from group to group (the volume of two olives) he is twice liable, because of do not remove from the house and do not remove to the outside. If they subscribed to a Pesaḥ, and an individual removed the volume of an olive, he is liable. Two or three persons are not liable since the members of the group may be drawn after them; but they infringe on a positive commandment; and following Rebbi Simeon they do not infringe. As it was stated, over the houses in which they are eating it there, this teaches that the Pesaḥ may be eaten in two places. I could think that its eaters also could eat it in two places, the verse says, in one house it shall be eaten. How is that? A Pesaḥ may be eaten in two places, but its eaters may not eat it in two places. [Rebbi Simeon says, also its eaters could eat it in two places.] How does Rebbi Simeon uphold in one house it shall be eaten? Lest part of one group eat inside and another part outside. An individual who removed the volume of an olive, since the members of the group may be drawn after him, becomes absolved from the positive commandment. Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Abba asked, why following Rebbi Simeon? Even following the rabbis, since the members of the group may be drawn after him, they are absolved from the prohibition; neither should they be under the positive commandment.

שַׁמָּשׁ שֶׁאָכַל כְּזַיִת וְהוּא בְצַד הַתַּנּוּר. אִם הָיָה פִיקֵּחַ מְמַלֵּא אֶת כְּרֵיסוֹ מִמֶּנּוּ. אִם רָצוּ לַחֲלוֹק לוֹ כָבוֹד. בָאִין וְאוֹכְלִין עִמּוֹ בְצַד הַתַּנּוּר. וְאִם לָאו. נוֹתְנִין לוֹ חֶלְקוֹ וְאוֹכֵל בִּמְקוֹמוֹ. תַּמָּן אָמְרִין. דְּרִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן הִיא. וְלָא שְׁמִיעִין דַּאֲמַר רִבִּי הִילָא רִבִּי אִיסִּי רִבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בְּשֵׁם רִבִּי הוֹשַׁעְיָה. הַכֹּל מוֹדִין בַּתְּחִילָּה שֶׁהֵן חוֹלְקִין. בַּסּוֹף שֶׁאֵינָן חוֹלְקִין. מַה פְלִיגִין. בְּשֶׁהָיוּ יוֹשְׁבִין וְאוֹכְלִין וּפָקְעָה עֲלֵיהֶן הַקּוֹרָה. רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר. עוֹקְרִין הֵן חֶלְקָן וְאוֹכְלִין בְּמָקוֹם אַחֵר. וְרַבָּנִן אָמְרִין. אֵינָן עוֹקְרִין אֶת חֶלְקָן וְאוֹכְלִין בְּמָקוֹם אַחֵר.

The waiter who ate the volume of an olive when he was near the oven, if he is intelligent he fills his belly from it. If they want to honor him, they come and eat with him near the oven; otherwise they give him his part and he eats at his place. There, they are saying, this is Rebbi Simeon’s, since they did not hear what Rebbi Hila, Rebbi Issy, Rebbi Eleazar said in the name of Rebbi Hoshaia: Everybody agrees that at the start they may split, at the end they may not split. Where do they disagree? When they were sitting and a beam cracked over them. Rebbi Simeon says, part of them remove themselves and eat at another place, but the rabbis say, no part of them may remove themselves and eat at another place.

רִבִּי חִיָיא בַּר בָּא אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵי בֶּן חֲנִינָה בָעֵי. מֵעַתָּה הַמּוֹצִיא אֵינוֹ חַיָיב עַד שָׁעָה שֶׁיֹּאכַל. אֲתַא רִבִּי שְׁמוּאֵל רִבִּי אַבָּהוּ בְשֵׁם רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן. הַמּוֹצִיא אֵינוֹ חַיָיב עַד שָׁעָה שֶׁיֹּאכַל. אָמַר רִבִּי זְעוּרָא. וְתַנֵּיי תַמָּן. יָחִיד שֶׁהוֹצִיא כְזַיִת חוּץ לַחֲבוּרָה חַיָיב. וְלֹא פָסַל עַצְמוֹ מִפְּנֵי חֲבוּרָתוֹ. הָדָא אָמְרָה. אֲפִילוּ לֹא אָכַל. אִין תֵּימַר. אָכַל. לַמָּה לִי לֹא פָסַל עַצְמוֹ מִבְּנֵי חֲבוּרָתוֹ. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹסֵה. כֵּיוְן שֶׁהוֹצִיאוֹ פְּסָלוֹ. אֲפִילוּ אָכַל. דָּבָר פָּסוּל אָכַל. וַיי דָא אֲמַר דָא. יֵשׁ שׁוֹבֵר אַחַר שׁוֹבֵר. אֵין מוֹצִיא אַחַר מוֹצִיא. אוֹ הָדָא אָמְרָה כֵּיוְן שֶׁהוֹצִיאוֹ פְּסָלוֹ. אוֹ הָדָא אָמְרָה. הַמּוֹצִיא אֵינוֹ חַיָיב עַד שָׁעָה שֶׁיֹּאכַל.

Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Abba said, Rebbi Yose ben Ḥanina asked: Then one who removes should not be liable up to the moment when he eats. Rebbi Samuel, Rebbi Abbahu in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan : One who removes is not liable up to the moment when he eats. Rebbi Zeˋira said, but it was stated there, an individual who removed the volume of an olive from a group is liable but he did not disqualify himself as a member339 of the group. This implies, even if he did not eat. If you would say, he ate, why did he not disqualify himself as a member of the group? Rebbi Yose said, when he removed it he disqualified it. Even if he ate, he ate something disqualified. Where was this said? There is breaking after breaking but not removing after removing. Either this means that when he removes it, he disqualifies it, or it means that he is not liable up to the moment when he eats.

פְּשִׁיטָא דָא מִילְּתַא. הִתְחִילוּ אֵילּוּ וְנִיטְמוּ אֵילּוּ. זָכוּ טְהוּרִין בְּחֶלְקָן שֶׁלְטְּמֵאִין. וְלֹא עוֹד אֶלָּא אֲפִילוּ הִתְחִילוּ אֵילּוּ וְנִיטְמוּ הֵן. זָכוּ טְהוּרִין בְּחֶלְקָן שֶׁלְטְּמֵאִין. אֲבָל הִתְחִילוּ אֵילּוּ וְאֵילּוּ וְנִיטְמָא אֶחָד מֵהֶן. לֹא זָכוּ טְהוּרִין בְּחֶלְקָן שֶׁלְטְּמֵאִין.

The following is obvious: If one group started eating when the other became impure, the pure group acquired the part of the impure. Not only this but even if one group started eating and they became impure, the pure group acquired the part of the impure. But if both had started eating when one of them became impure, the pure group did not acquire the part of the impure.

יָחִיד מַפְשִׁיט יָדוּ בְּכָל הַבַּיִת. וְאֵין חֶבוּרָה מֻפְשֶׁטֶת יָדָהּ בְּכָל הַבַּיִת. וְהָא תַנִּינָן. שְׁתֵּי חֲבוּרוֹת. לֹא אָמַר אֶלָּא שְׁתַּיִם. הָא אַחַת לֹא. וְהָא תַנִּינָן. הַמֵּיחַם בָּאֶמְצַע. מְקוֹם שֶׁהַשַּׁמָּשׂ מוֹכִיחַ עָלָיו שָׁם הִיא חֲבוּרָתוּ. וְהָא תַנִּינָן. הַכַּלָּה הוֹפֶכֶת פָּנֶיהָ וְאוֹכֶלֶת. אָמַר רִבִּי חִיָיה בַּר בָּא מִפְּנֵי הַבּוּשָׁה.

An individual can move his part in the entire room, but a group cannot move their part in the entire room. But did we not state “two groups”? He only said two; therefore not one. But did we not state, “the samovar in the middle”? The place of the waiter proves where his group is. But did we not state, “the newly-wed may turn aside her face and eat”? Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Abba said, because of shyness