Rabbinic JudaismJerusalem Talmud Eruvin 3.1HOLYMAP · SACRED TEXTS
The Jerusalem TalmudJerusalem Talmud Eruvin 3.1

The Jerusalem Talmud

Jerusalem Talmud Eruvin 3.1

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English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

MISHNAH: With anything one may make an eruv or participate except with water or salt. Anything may be bought with money of [Second] Tithe except water and salt. One who vows not to eat food is permitted water and salt. One may make an eruv for a nazir with wine and for an Israel with heave. Symmachos says, also with profane food for a Cohen in a bet happeras. Rebbi Jehudah says among the graves since he could be shielded and eat.

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English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

HALAKHAH: “With anything one may make an eruv or participate,” etc. Rebbi Aḥa said, this is Rebbi Eliezer’s, as we have stated there, “with anything one may make an eruv or participate except with water or salt, the words of Rebbi Eliezer.” Rebbi Yose said, it is everybody’s opinion. One makes an eruv for courtyards and participates both for courtyards and for domains. Our Mishnah is Rebbi Meïr’s, as it was stated: one may make an eruv with anything eaten raw as is; with bread, one does not make an eruv with it. Garlic and onions, in the opinion of Rebbi Meïr one does not make an eruv with them, as it was stated: Rebbi Jehudah said, it happened that Rebbi Meïr spent a Sabbath at Ardaksam; there came a person who said, I made an eruv with onions and Rebbi Meïr restricted him to his four cubits. Even though Rebbi Meïr said, with everything one may make an eruv or participate except with water or salt, on condition that it be something eaten raw as is. Arum and colocasia: in the rabbis’ opinion one does not make an eruv with.

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English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

We have stated two principles which are not comparable one with the other. “With anything one may make an eruv or participate except with water or salt,” whether it is something eaten raw as is or something which is not eaten raw. “Anything may be bought with money of [Second] Tithe except water and salt,” but only something eaten raw as is. “With anything one may make an eruv or participate except with water or salt,” both according to Rebbi Aqiba and Rebbi Ismael. “Anything may be bought with money of [Second] Tithe except water and salt,” according to Rebbi Aqiba. But according to Rebbi Ismael?

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English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

Rebbi Ismael stated: Spend the money on anything you want, this is a general clause. For cattle and sheep, wine and intoxicating drink, this is detail. And anything you want, another general clause. General, detail, and general, you may judge only in light of the detail. Just as the detail is explained as born from what is born from the earth, so only what is born from what is born from the earth. Rebbi Aqiba explains: Just as the detail is explained as fruit, born from a fruit, or what prepares fruit, so only what is fruit, born from a fruit, or what prepares fruit. What is the difference between them? Fish, locusts, truffles, and mushrooms which may be bought with tithe money following Rebbi Aqiba, following Rebbi Ismael they may not be bought.

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English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

“With anything one may make an eruv or participate except with water or salt.” Rebbi Yasa said, because the body is not fed by them. Rebbi Levi said, because they are agents of curse. Rebbi Eleazar said, if he made them into brine it may be bought with Tithe money. Rebbi Aḥa in the name of Rebbi Miasha: only if he mixed oil into it. Rebbi Yose asked, then should he be able to use it for eruv only in proportion?

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English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

There we had stated: “Half a log of oil. Rebbi Aqiba said, a quarter.” Rebbi Eleazar said, and so it is for an eruv. That is for wine, but not for oil, for which one makes an eruv with food for two meals. It was stated: One makes an eruv with vinegar as food for two meals. Rebbi Jeremiah in the name of Rebbi Samuel ben Rebbi Issac, enough to dip bundles of vegetable as food for two meals. Rebbi Isaac of Atosha said before R. Zeˋira in the name of the House of Rebbi Yannai: one may make an eruv with raw peas. For whom is this necessary? For Rebbi Meïr, lest you say, because they generate bad mouth odor one may not use them for eruv. One may make an eruv with salted fish. One may make an eruv with salted meat. One may make an eruv with raw meat. There, we have stated: “The Babylonians eat it raw because their taste is refined.” Rebbi Yudan asked, may one use χαλκίς for eruv since the Samaritans eat it raw? Samuel bar Shilat in the name of Rav: One may use for eruv paˋapuˋin, gudganiot, and ḥaluglugot. They asked him, what are these? He said to them, καυκαλίς, melilot, and purslain.

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English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

Paragraph. “One who vows not to eat food is permitted water and salt.” There, we have stated: “One who made a vow to abstain from cooked food is permitted roasted and scalded food.” A Mishnah states that scalding is called cooking, as we have stated: “If he cooked the well-being offering or scalded it.” A verse states that “roasted” is called “cooked” as it is said: They cooked the Pesaḥ in fire. If you say, against the rules, Rebbi Jonah from Bostra said, as is the rule. A Mishnah [states] that scalded is called cooked, and a verse that roasted is called cooked; but did we not state: “One who makes a vow to abstain from cooked food is permitted roasted and scalded food”? Rebbi Joḥanan said, in matters of vows one follows common usage. Rebbi Joshia said, in matters of vows one follows biblical usage. What is the difference between them? If one said, a qonam that I shall not taste wine on Tabernacles. In the opinion of Rebbi Joḥanan he is forbidden on the last day of the holiday. In the opinion of Rebbi Joshia, is he permitted? Also Rebbi Joshia agrees that he is prohibited. Rebbi Joshia said it only for restrictions.

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English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Abba said, Rebbi Joḥanan ate bake-meats and said, I did not taste (anything) [food] on that day. But did we not state: “He who made a vow not to eat food is permitted water and salt”? Explain it following Rebbi Joshia, who said, in matters of vows one follows biblical usage. And from where that everything is called food? Rebbi Aḥa bar Ulla said: And tenfemale donkeys carrying grain, bread, and food. Why does the verse say, and food? From here that everything is called food.

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English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

If he forbade himself a loaf by a vow it may be used as eruv, if he dedicated it it may not be used as eruv. If he forbade himself a loaf by a vow it may be used as eruv, since another person may eat it. If he dedicated it it may not be used as eruv, since neither he nor another person may eat it. Rebbi Aḥa asked, may not a person ask about his dedication? Rebbi Aḥa said that Rebbi Miasha asked: There Rebbi Simeon said that Ḥiyya the son of Rav said, if one used idolatry to make a lath it permits the alley, and here you are saying so? Rebbi Eleazar said, there in any case the alley was closed; here what do you have?

10
English · Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

“One may make an eruv for a nazir with wine” for another person may drink it. “And for an Israel with heave,” for a Cohen may eat it. For a Cohen in a bet happeras? The Mishnah follows the House of Shammai, for the House of Shammai say that one may not make an eruv for a person unless his personal vessels may be there. Symmachos follows the House of Shammai as we have stated: “Symmachos says, also with profane food for a Cohen in a bet happeras.” Then also between the graves? He might transgress a rabbinic prohibition and eat there. For he could enter on a bench, in a box or a chest, make a hole less than a hand-breadth [wide], stick a spindle or a splinter into it, and eat it.

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Jerusalem Talmud Eruvin 3.1English
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Jerusalem Talmud Eruvin 3.10%

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The Jerusalem Talmud, edition, translation and commentary by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1999–2015). CC BY. Text from Sefaria (sefaria.org); commentary notes omitted. · Source ↗

Hebrew/Aramaic text: The Jerusalem Talmud, edition by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1999–2015), via Sefaria (sefaria.org). Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). Changes: footnotes and HTML formatting removed.

The Jerusalem Talmud, edition, translation and commentary by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1999–2015). CC BY. Text from Sefaria (sefaria.org); commentary notes omitted. · Source ↗

English translation: The Jerusalem Talmud, translation and commentary by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1999–2015); commentary notes omitted, via Sefaria (sefaria.org). Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). Changes: footnotes and HTML formatting removed.

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