Jerusalem Talmud Ketubot 6.1

משנה: מְצִיאַת הָאִשָּׁה וּמַעֲשֵׂה יָדֶיהָ לְבַעֲלָהּ. וִירוּשָׁתָהּ הוּא אוֹכֵל פֵּירוֹת בְחַיֶּיהָ. בּוֹשְׁתָהּ וּפְגָמָהּ שֶׁלָּהּ. רִבִּי יְהוּדָה בֶּן בְּתֵירָה אוֹמֵר בִּזְמַן שֶׁבְּסֵתֶר לָהּ שְׁנֵי חֲלָקִים וְלוֹ אֶחָד וּבִזְמַן שֶׁבַּגָּלוּי לוֹ שְׁנֵי חֲלָקִים וְלָהּ אֶחָד. שֶׁלּוֹ יִנָּתֵן מִיָּד וְשֶׁלָּהּ יִלָּקַח בָּהֶן קַרְקַע וְהוּא אוֹכֵל פֵּירוֹת.

MISHNAH: What a woman finds or makes with her hands belongs to her husband. Of what she inherits he eats the yield during her lifetime. [Payments she receives for] settlements for shame and diminution of value belong to her; Rebbi Jehudah ben Bathyra says, in case it is covered, she receives two thirds and he one third; in case it is visible, he receives two thirds and she one third. His part shall be given immediately; her part shall be invested in real estate and he eats its yield.

הלכה: מְצִיאַת הָאִשָּׁה וּמַעֲשֵׂה יָדֶיהָ לְבַעֲלָהּ כול׳. רִבִּי חִזְקִיָּה בְשֵׁם רִבִּי אִימִּי. אִיתְפַּלְּגוֹן רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן וְרִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן לָקִישׁ. חַד אָמַר. דִּבְרֵי הַכֹּל. וְחָרָנָא אָמַר. בְּמַחֲלוֹקֶת. וְלָא יְדַעְנָא מָאן אֲמַר דָּא וּמָאן אֲמַר דָּא. מִסְתַּבְּרָא דְּרִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן לָקִישׁ הוּא דוּ אֲמַר. בְּמַחֲלוֹקֶת. דּוּ פָתַר לָהּ בְּמַעֲלֶה לָהּ מְזוֹנוֹת. וְאֵינוֹ נוֹתֵן לָהּ מָעָה כֶסֶף לִצְרָכֶיהָ. וְתַנִּינָן. וְאִם אֵינוֹ נוֹתֵן לָהּ מָעָה כֶסֶף לִצְרָכֶיהָ מַעֲשֵׂה יָדֶיהָ שֶׁלָּהּ. מַעֲשֵׂה יָדַיִים שֶׁהֵן כִּמְצִיאָה. אָתָא רִבִּי יַעֲקֹב בַּר אִימִּי בְשֵׁם רִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן לָקִישׁ. דִּבְרֵי הַכֹּל הִיא. הֲוֵויי דַּעֲוָון דַּעֲוָון אִית לְרִבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן לָקִישׁ.

HALAKHAH: “What a woman finds or makes with her hands belongs to her husband,” etc. Rebbi Ḥizqiah in the name of Rebbi Immi: Rebbi Joḥanan and Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish disagree: One said, this is everybody’s opinion, the other said it is in dispute. We do not know who said what. It is reasonable that Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish should be the one who said it is in dispute since he explained that [the husband] provides her with food but does not give her a silver obolus as pocket money, and we did state: “If he does not give her a silver obolus as pocket money, what she makes with her hands is hers.” The work of her hands is parallel to what she finds. Rebbi Jacob bar Immi came in the name of Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish: It is everybody’s opinion. That means that Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish varies in his opinions.

לְמִי נִצְרְכָה. לְרִבִּי מֵאִיר. אַף עַל גַּב דִּלְרִבִּי מֵאִיר עֲבִיד יַד הָעֶבֶד כְּיַד רַבּוֹ זָכַת הָאִשָּׁה זָכָה בַעֲלָהּ. מוֹדֶה שֶׁאֵין עָלֶיהָ אֶלָּא אוֹכֶלֶת פֵּירוֹת בִּלְבָד. תַּמָּן תַּנִינָן. מְצִיאַת בְּנוֹ וּבִתּוֹ הַקְּטַנִּים וְעַבְדּוֹ וְשִׁפְחָתוֹ הַכְּנַעֲנִים וּמְצִיאַת אִשְׁתּוֹ הֲרֵי אֵילּוּ שֶׁלּוֹ. שֶׁהוּא יָכוֹל לְשַׁנּוֹתָן לִמְלָאכָה אֲחֶרֶת. מַה טַעַם אָמְרִינָן. מְצִיאַת בְּנוֹ וּבִתּוֹ הַגְּדוֹלִים וְעַבְדּוֹ וְשִׁפְחָתוֹ הָעִבְרִים הֲרֵי אֵילּוּ שֶׁלָּהֶן. שֶׁאֵינוֹ יָכוֹל לְשַׁנּוֹתָן לִמְלָאכָה אֲחֵרֵת. הָתִיבוֹן. הֲרֵי אִשְׁתּוֹ אֵינוֹ יָכוֹל לְשַׁנּוֹתָהּ לִמְלָאכָה אֲחֵרֵת וְאַתְּ אָמַר. מְצִיאָתָהּ שֶׁלּוֹ. אָמַר רִבִּי יוֹחָנָן. טַעַם אַחֵר יֵשׁ בְּאִשָּׁה. מָהוּ טַעַם אַחֵר בְּאִשָּׁה. אָמַר רִבִּי חַגַּיי. מִפְּנֵי קְטָטָה. רִבִּי יוֹסֶי לֹא אָמַר כֵן. אֶלָּא שֶׁלֹּא תְהֵא מַבְרַחַת מִשֶּׁלְּבַעֲלָהּ וְאוֹמֶרֶת. מְצִיאָה מָצָאתִי. הַגַּע עַצְמָךְ שֶׁנָּתַן לָהּ אַחֵר מַתָּנָה. קוֹל יוֹצֵא לְמַתָּנָה וְאֵין קוֹל יוֹצֵא לִמְצִיאָה. הַגַּע עַצְמָךְ שֶׁמָּצְאָה בְעֵדִים. זוֹ מִפְּנֵי זוֹ. אָמַר רִבִי יוֹחָנָן. בְּשֶׁאֵין טְפוּלִין לָאֲבִיהֶן. אֲבָל אִם הָיוּ טְפוּלִין לָאֲבִיהֶן מְצִיאָתָן שֶׁלּוֹ.

For whom is it needed? For Rebbi Meïr! Even though for Rebbi Meïr the hand of the slave is his master’s hand and if the wife acquired title the husband should have acquired it; he agrees that his rights over it are restricted to the use of the yield. There, we have stated: “The finds of his underage son and daughter or of his Canaanite slave or slave-girl as well as his wife’s find belong to him,” for he can direct them to do other work. Why do we say: “The finds of his adult son and daughter or of his Hebrew slave or slave-girl belong to them,” because he cannot direct them to do other work. But his wife he cannot direct to do other work and you say that her find belongs to him! Rebbi Joḥanan said, there is another reason for his wife. What is the other reason for his wife? Rebbi Ḥaggai says, because of quarrel. Rebbi Yose does not say so, but that she should not smuggle away any of her husband’s property and say, I found it. Think of it, if another person gave it to her as a gift! A gift is public knowledge, a find is not public knowledge. Think of it, if she found it in the presence of witnesses! This because of that. Rebbi Yoḥanan said, if they are not dependent on their father. But if they are dependent on their father, their finds belong to him.

הוֹרֵי רִבִּי יִצְחָק בְּהֵן דְּמַשְׁבִּיק אִינְתְּתֵיהּ וְלָא מְמָרֵק לָהּ פּוֹרְנָהּ. שֶׁהוּא מַעֲלֶה לָהּ מְזוֹנוֹת עַד שָׁעָה שֶׁהוּא מְמָרְקָהּ.

Rebbi Isaac instructed about one who had sent away his wife but not liquidated her ketubah, that he has to feed her until the time he liquidated it.

רִבִּי רְדִיפָה רִבִּי אָחָא בְשֵׁם רִבִּי בּוּן בַּר כָּהֲנָא. דְּלָא מְחַסֵּר לָהּ. בְּסֶתֶר לָמָּה נוֹטֵל. מִפְּנֵי צַעֲרוֹ שֶׁמִּצְטָעֵר עִמָּהּ.

Rebbi Redipha, Rebbi Aḥa, in the name of Rebbi Abun bar Cahana: Because he does not make her lose anything. In secret, why does he take? Because of the pain he suffers with her.