Sifrei on Deuteronomy Sifrei Devarim 26

English · Shraga Silverstein

(Devarim 3:23) "And I entreated the L-rd at that time, saying": This is as Scripture writes (Proverbs 18:23) "The poor man speaks imploringly and the rich one answers brazenly."

2

English · Shraga Silverstein

Two goodly leaders arose for Israel — Moses and David king of Israel. Moses said to the Holy One Blessed be He: L-rd of the universe, I have transgressed. Let it be written after me, so that men not say: It seems that Moses has fabricated the Torah or that he has written something which he was not commanded to write. An analogy: A king decreed that one who ate unripe figs shevi'ith of (the sabbatical year) be pilloried. She: Please publicize my fault so that people not say: It must be that she was caught in niuf (illicit relations) or in witchcraft. When they see shevi'ith figs strung around my neck, they will know that it is because of this that I am being pilloried. Thus did our teacher Moses say before the Holy One Blessed be He: Let my transgression be written down after me. The Holy One: I will write that it was only because of your lapse at the waters (of Marah), viz. (Bamidbar 27:14) [This, your death, was decreed] "when you flouted My command in the desert of Tzin in the contention of the congregation, etc."

3

English · Shraga Silverstein

Variantly: An analogy: A king and his son are traveling by coach until they come to a narrow place, where his coach overturns on his son, whose eye is blinded, his foot severed, and his hand broken. When he comes to this place (in the future), he mentions two or three times: "Here my sons' eye was blinded, his foot was severed, and his hand broken." Here, too, the Holy One Blessed be He mentioned mei merivah (the waters of contention) three times (Bamidbar 20:13, Ibid. 24, Devarim 33:8), saying (as it were) "Here I killed Aaron, here I killed Moses." And thus is it written (Psalms 141:6) "Their judges (Moses and Aaron) have 'slipped' by (hitting) a rock." (viz. 11:20).

4

English · Shraga Silverstein

King David said before the Holy One Blessed be He. King David said before the Holy One Blessed be He: Let my transgression before You (with Bathsheva) not be written after me. The L-rd: Is it not sufficient for you that people not say: "Because he loved him, He forgave him"? An analogy: A man borrowed from the king twenty kor of wheat a year, and people said: Can this man possibly have met such a debt? It must be that the king forgave him and wrote him a settlement. Once, the king sent (demanding payment), and he did not pay, at which the king entered his house and took his sons and daughters and put them up (for sale) at the auction block — whereupon everyone knew that he had nothing (i.e., that he had not been pardoned.) Here, therefore, all of the punishments that came upon David were publicized and doubled, viz. (II Samuel 12:6) "And he (David) must pay four for the ewe." R. Chananiah says: "arbatayim" — sixteen.

5

English · Shraga Silverstein

And when Nathan the Prophet came and rebuked David for that act, he said (Ibid. 13) "I have sinned to the L-rd," and (Psalms 51:3) "Be gracious (chaneini) to me, O G-d, according to Your lovingkindness … (6) To You alone have I sinned and what is evil in Your eyes have I done."

6

English · Shraga Silverstein

Two goodly leaders rose up for Israel — Moses and David king of Israel — and they could have asked for reward on the basis of their good deeds, but they asked of the Holy One Blessed be He only that he "grace" them, (this being the thrust of "chaneini" and of "va'etchanan"). Now does this not follow a fortiori, viz.: If these, who could have asked for reward on the basis of their good deeds, asked of the Holy One Blessed be He only that He "grace" them, then we, who are not even a thousandth of the thousands and ten thousands of his disciples, how much more so should we ask of the L-rd only that He "grace" us!

7

English · Shraga Silverstein

Variantly: Prayer (tefillah) is called by ten names: ze'akah, shav'ah, ne'akah, rinah, pegiah, nipul, pilul, atirah, chilui, and chinun: ze'akah — (Shemoth 2:23) "And it was in the course of those many days that the king of Egypt died, and the children of Israel moaned under the toil, and they cried out ("vayizaku"). "shav'ah" — (Ibid.) "and their outcry ("shavatham") ascended." "ne'akah" — (Ibid. 24) "And G-d heard their outcry ("na'akatham"). "rinah" — (Jeremiah 7:16) "and do not raise for them an outcry ("rinah"). "pegiah" — (Ibid.) "and do not entreat ("tifg'u") Me." "nipul" — (Devarim 9:18) "And I prostrated myself ("va'ethnapal") before the L-rd as at first." "pilul" — (Ibid. 26:) "And I prayed ("va'etpallel") to the L-rd." "atirah" — (Bereshith 25:21) "And Isaac entreated ("vaye'tar Yitzchak") the L-rd for his wife." "chilui" — (Shemoth 32:11) "And Moses prayed" ("Vayechal Mosheh.") "chinun" — (Devarim 3:23) "And I entreated ("va'ethchanan") the L-rd." (Ibid.)

8

English · Shraga Silverstein

"at that time": An analogy: The men of a province ask their king to make their province a colony (and exempt from taxes). Once, when two of his foes fell before it, they said: Now is the time to ask the king to grant our request. Similarly, Moses asks the Holy One Blessed be He to be allowed to enter Eretz Yisrael. When he sees Sichon and Og fallen before him, he says: This is the time to ask that my request be granted, and this is the intent of "at that time."

9

English · Shraga Silverstein

(Ibid.) "to say": This is one of the times when Moses says to the L-rd: Tell me whether or not You will grant my request. Similarly, (Shemoth 17:4) "And Moses cried out to the L-rd, to say: What can I do to this people?" What is the intent of "to say"? Apprise me of whether or not I will fall into their hand. Similarly (Ibid. 6:12) "And Moses spoke before the L-rd, to say": Apprise me whether or not You will redeem them. Similarly, (Bamidbar 12:13) "And Moses cried out to the L-rd to say": Apprise me whether or not You will heal her. Similarly, (Ibid. 27:15) "And Moses spoke to the L-rd, to say": Apprise me whether or not You will appoint leaders over them. Thus, here, "at that time, to say": Apprise me whether or not I will enter the land.

10

English · Shraga Silverstein

(Devarim 3:24) "O L-rd (Yod-keh-vav-keh), G-d (Elokim)": Wherever "Yod-keh-vav-keh" is written, the attribute of mercy is intended, viz. (Shemoth 34:6) "Yod-keh-vav-keh," the G-d who is merciful and gracious." Wherever "Elokim" is written, the attribute of justice is intended, viz. (Ibid. 22:8) "Unto the judges ('elohim') shall come the matter of both," and (Ibid. 27) "Elokim ([Both G-d and judges are intended]) you shall not curse."

Sifrei Devarim 26

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