Rabbinic JudaismSifrei Devarim 105HOLYMAP · SACRED TEXTS
Sifrei on DeuteronomySifrei Devarim 105

Sifrei on Deuteronomy

Sifrei Devarim 105

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English · Shraga Silverstein

(Devarim 14:22) "Tithe shall you tithe all the produce of your seed which goes forth from the field year by year." We are hereby taught that the tithe is not to be taken from one year for another.

2
English · Shraga Silverstein

This tells me only of the second-tithe, of which Scripture speaks here. Whence do I derive the same for the other tithes? From "tithe shall you tithe."

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English · Shraga Silverstein

Whence do I derive the same for the beast tithe? From "tithe shall you tithe."

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English · Shraga Silverstein

R. Shimon b. Yehudah says: Whence do I derive that there is to be a beast tithe? From "tithe shall you tithe."

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English · Shraga Silverstein

"which goes forth from the field": I might think that anything that grows in the ground, like issatis (a non-edible plant) and thorns, are subject to ma'aser; it is, therefore, written "Tithe shall you tithe … (23) and you shall eat."

6
English · Shraga Silverstein

I might think that even honey and milk (are to be tithed); it is, therefore written "which goes forth from the field year by year." In sum, the criteria (for tithing) are: going forth from the field and being edible.

7
English · Shraga Silverstein

From (Ibid. 23) "And you shall eat before the L-rd your G-d … the tithe of your corn, your wine, and your oil," I might think that only these are to be tithed. Whence do I derive (the same for) other fruits? From "the produce of, etc." Let it then be written (just) "produce."

8
English · Shraga Silverstein

If so, I would say: Just as "produce" is distinct in that it is stored for preservation, so all such growths are to be included (for tithing). Whence do I derive the same for rice, millet, poppy, and sesame? Whence would I derive pulse? It is, therefore, written "of your seed."

9
English · Shraga Silverstein

I would then include pulse, which is eaten as is. But I would not include lupine and mustard, which are not eaten as is. It is, therefore, written "which goes forth from the field." I might think, even what is not edible; it is, therefore written "and you shall eat."

10
English · Shraga Silverstein

Whence do we derive the same for greens? From (Vayikra 27:30) "and all the tithe of the land." (Ibid.) "of the seed of the land": to include garlic, cress, and berries.

11
English · Shraga Silverstein

I might think to include the seed of turnips and radishes, and garden seeds, which are not eaten; it is, therefore written "of the seed of the land," and not "all of the seed of the land."

12
English · Shraga Silverstein

"of the fruit of the tree": to include the fruit of the oak.

13
English · Shraga Silverstein

I might think to include the carobs of acacia and those of tzalmona and giduda, which are not eaten; it is, therefore, written "of the fruit of the tree," and not "all of the fruit of the tree."

14
English · Shraga Silverstein

Whence is it derived that one tithes what he eats? From ("Tithe …) and you shall eat."

15
English · Shraga Silverstein

I might think, (that it is tithed) even if it has not been completely processed (for eating); it is, therefore, written (Bamidbar 18:27) "as corn from the threshing floor and as the fullness (i.e., ripeness) of the pit."

16
English · Shraga Silverstein

I might think that he may eat a regular meal in the field (without tithing); it is, therefore, written "the field" (i.e., he must tithe it even there.)

17
English · Shraga Silverstein

And whence is it derived (that he must tithe) even what he sows? From "your seed."

18
English · Shraga Silverstein

And whence is it derived (that he must tithe) even what he stores? From "produce."

19
English · Shraga Silverstein

And whence do we derive (the same for) what he sells? From "which goes forth from the field." They said: Why were the shops of Bnei Chanan laid waste two years before (the destruction of) Eretz Yisrael? Because they exempted their fruits from the tithe, expounding "Tithe shall you tithe … and you shall eat" — and not what you sell; "the produce of your seed" — and not (that of) the buyer.

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Public-domain Hebrew editions, digitized by Sefaria (sefaria.org). · Source ↗

Mechilta, Sifra and Sifrei, translated by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein. CC BY. Text from Sefaria (sefaria.org). · Source ↗

English translation: Sifrei Devarim, translated by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein, via Sefaria (sefaria.org). Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). Changes: footnotes and HTML formatting removed.

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