Rabbinic JudaismSifrei Devarim 144HOLYMAP · SACRED TEXTS
Sifrei on DeuteronomySifrei Devarim 144

Sifrei on Deuteronomy

Sifrei Devarim 144

1
English · Shraga Silverstein

(Devarim 16:18) "Judges and officers shall you appoint for yourself": Whence is it derived that a beth-din is appointed for all of Israel? From "Judges … shall you appoint for yourself." And whence is it derived that (police) officers are appointed for all of Israel? From "… officers shall you appoint for yourself."

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English · Shraga Silverstein

R. Yehudah says: Whence is it derived that one is appointed over all? From "shall you appoint for yourself."

3
English · Shraga Silverstein

And whence is it derived that officers are appointed for every city: From "and officers … in your gates."

4
English · Shraga Silverstein

And whence is it derived that a beth-din is appointed for each tribe? From "and judges … according to your tribes." And whence is it derived that officers are appointed for each tribe? From "and officers … for your tribes."

5
English · Shraga Silverstein

R. Shimon b. Gamliel says "according to your tribes, and they shall judge": It is a mitzvah for each tribe to judge itself.

6
English · Shraga Silverstein

"and they shall judge, etc.": This refers to the appointment of judges. "and they shall judge the people": (even) against their will.

7
English · Shraga Silverstein

(Ibid. 19) "Do not pervert judgment": in money matters. "Do not show favoritism": in judging. Variantly: "Do not pervert judgment and do not show favoritism": Why is this stated? Is it not already written "You shall not pervert judgment" and "you shall not show favoritism"? This refers to the appointment of the judges.

8
English · Shraga Silverstein

Variantly: "Do not pervert judgment": Do not say: "This man is nice; this man is my kinsman."

9
English · Shraga Silverstein

"and do not show favoritism": Do not say "This man is rich; this man is poor."

10
English · Shraga Silverstein

"and do not take a bribe": It goes without saying (do not take it) to exculpate the guilty and to inculpate the innocent; but even to exculpate the innocent and inculpate the guilty. "for a bribe blinds the eyes of the sages": and it goes without saying, the eyes of fools. "and distorts the words of the righteous": and it goes without saying, the word of the wicked.

11
English · Shraga Silverstein

"for a bribe blinds": He does not leave the world until he errs in his ruling, calling the clean unclean, and the unclean clean; the forbidden, permitted and the permitted, forbidden. "and distorts the words of the righteous": He does not leave the world until he does not know what is being said.

12
English · Shraga Silverstein

(Ibid. 20) "Righteousness, righteousness shall you pursue": Whence is it derived that if one leaves beth-din exonerated, he is not returned for incrimination (if something is later found in his disfavor)? From "righteousness shall you pursue."

13
English · Shraga Silverstein

If he leaves incriminated, whence is it derived that he is returned for exoneration (if something is later found in his favor)? From "righteousness, righteousness shall you pursue."

14
English · Shraga Silverstein

Variantly: "Righteousness, righteousness shall you pursue": Seek out the finest beth-din — the beth-din of R. Yochanan b. Zakkai in Beror Chayil; the beth-din of R. Eliezer in Lud.

15
English · Shraga Silverstein

"so that you live and inherit the land": We are hereby taught that the appointment of judges furthers the living of Israel and their settlement on their land.

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Sifrei Devarim 144English
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Public-domain Hebrew editions, digitized by Sefaria (sefaria.org). · Source ↗

Mechilta, Sifra and Sifrei, translated by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein. CC BY. Text from Sefaria (sefaria.org). · Source ↗

English translation: Sifrei Devarim, translated by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein, via Sefaria (sefaria.org). Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). Changes: footnotes and HTML formatting removed.

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