Kd 18

18. Vattakkhandhaka 1. Āgantukavattakathā

Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena āgantukā bhikkhū saupāhanāpi ārāmaṁ pavisanti, chattappaggahitāpi ārāmaṁ pavisanti, oguṇṭhitāpi ārāmaṁ pavisanti, sīsepi cīvaraṁ karitvā ārāmaṁ pavisanti, pānīyenapi pāde dhovanti, vuḍḍhatarepi āvāsike bhikkhū na abhivādenti, napi senāsanaṁ pucchanti. Aññataropi āgantuko bhikkhu anajjhāvuṭṭhaṁ vihāraṁ ghaṭikaṁ ugghāṭetvā kavāṭaṁ paṇāmetvā sahasā pāvisi. Tassa uparipiṭṭhito ahi khandhe papati. So bhīto vissaramakāsi. Bhikkhū upadhāvitvā taṁ bhikkhuṁ etadavocuṁ— “kissa tvaṁ, āvuso, vissaramakāsī”ti? Atha kho so bhikkhu bhikkhūnaṁ etamatthaṁ ārocesi. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti— “kathañhi nāma āgantukā bhikkhū saupāhanāpi ārāmaṁ pavisissanti, chattappaggahitāpi ārāmaṁ pavisissanti, oguṇṭhitāpi ārāmaṁ pavisissanti, sīsepi cīvaraṁ karitvā ārāmaṁ pavisissanti, pānīyenapi pāde dhovissanti, vuḍḍhatarepi āvāsike bhikkhū na abhivādessanti, napi senāsanaṁ pucchissantī”ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe… “saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, āgantukā bhikkhū saupāhanāpi ārāmaṁ pavisanti, chattappaggahitāpi ārāmaṁ pavisanti, oguṇṭhitāpi ārāmaṁ pavisanti, sīsepi cīvaraṁ karitvā ārāmaṁ pavisanti, pānīyenapi pāde dhovanti, vuḍḍhatarepi āvāsike bhikkhū na abhivādenti, napi senāsanaṁ pucchantī”ti. “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe… kathañhi nāma bhikkhave āgantukā bhikkhū saupāhanāpi ārāmaṁ pavisissanti, chattappaggahitāpi ārāmaṁ pavisissanti, oguṇṭhitāpi ārāmaṁ pavisissanti, sīsepi cīvaraṁ karitvā ārāmaṁ pavisissanti, pānīyenapi pāde dhovissanti, vuḍḍhatarepi āvāsike bhikkhū na abhivādessanti, napi senāsanaṁ pucchissanti, netaṁ bhikkhave appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe… vigarahitvā …pe… dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi— “Tena hi, bhikkhave, āgantukānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ vattaṁ paññapessāmi yathā āgantukehi bhikkhūhi sammā vattitabbaṁ.

The chapter on proper conduct 1. Discussion of the proper conduct for newly-arrived monks

At one time the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in the Jeta Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery. At that time newly-arrived monks entered the monastery wearing sandals, holding sunshades, with their heads covered, with their robes on their heads; and they washed their feet with drinking water, did not bow down to the resident monks who were senior to them, and did not ask about dwellings. A certain newly-arrived monk lifted the latch of an unoccupied dwelling, opened the door, and entered hastily. A snake fell from above the door frame onto his shoulders. Terrified, he screamed. The monks came running and asked him why he was screaming. And he told them what had happened. The monks of few desires complained and criticized them, “How can the newly-arrived monks enter the monastery wearing sandals, holding sunshades, with their heads covered, with their robe on their head; and wash their feet with drinking water, not bow down to the resident monks who are senior to them, and not ask about dwellings?” They told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks: “Is it true, monks, that the newly-arrived monks are acting like this?” “It’s true, sir.” The Buddha rebuked them … “How can the newly-arrived monks act like this? This will affect people’s confidence …” After rebuking them … the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: “Well then, I’ll lay down the proper conduct for newly-arrived monks.

Āgantukena, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā ‘idāni ārāmaṁ pavisissāmī’ti upāhanā omuñcitvā nīcaṁ katvā papphoṭetvā gahetvā chattaṁ apanāmetvā sīsaṁ vivaritvā sīse cīvaraṁ khandhe katvā sādhukaṁ ataramānena ārāmo pavisitabbo. Ārāmaṁ pavisantena sallakkhetabbaṁ— ‘kattha āvāsikā bhikkhū paṭikkamantī’ti? Yattha āvāsikā bhikkhū paṭikkamanti— upaṭṭhānasālāya vā maṇḍape vā rukkhamūle vā— tattha gantvā ekamantaṁ patto nikkhipitabbo; ekamantaṁ cīvaraṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ; patirūpaṁ āsanaṁ gahetvā nisīditabbaṁ; pānīyaṁ pucchitabbaṁ, paribhojanīyaṁ pucchitabbaṁ— ‘katamaṁ pānīyaṁ, katamaṁ paribhojanīyan’ti? Sace pānīyena attho hoti, pānīyaṁ gahetvā pātabbaṁ. Sace paribhojanīyena attho hoti, paribhojanīyaṁ gahetvā pādā dhovitabbā. Pāde dhovantena ekena hatthena udakaṁ āsiñcitabbaṁ, ekena hatthena pādā dhovitabbā. Na teneva udakaṁ āsiñcitabbaṁ na teneva hatthena pādā dhovitabbā. Upāhanāpuñchanacoḷakaṁ pucchitvā upāhanā puñchitabbā. Upāhanā puñchantena paṭhamaṁ sukkhena coḷakena puñchitabbā, pacchā allena. Upāhanāpuñchanacoḷakaṁ dhovitvā ekamantaṁ vissajjetabbaṁ. Sace āvāsiko bhikkhu vuḍḍho hoti, abhivādetabbo. Sace navako hoti, abhivādāpetabbo. Senāsanaṁ pucchitabbaṁ—‘katamaṁ me senāsanaṁ pāpuṇātī’ti? Ajjhāvuṭṭhaṁ vā anajjhāvuṭṭhaṁ vā pucchitabbaṁ, gocaro pucchitabbo, agocaro pucchitabbo, sekkhasammatāni kulāni pucchitabbāni, vaccaṭṭhānaṁ pucchitabbaṁ, passāvaṭṭhānaṁ pucchitabbaṁ, pānīyaṁ pucchitabbaṁ, paribhojanīyaṁ pucchitabbaṁ, kattaradaṇḍo pucchitabbo, saṅghassa katikasaṇṭhānaṁ pucchitabbaṁ— ‘kaṁ kālaṁ pavisitabbaṁ, kaṁ kālaṁ nikkhamitabban’ti?

When a newly-arrived monk enters a monastery, he should remove his sandals, hold them low, knock them together, and carry them along; he should lower his sunshade, uncover his head, and put his robe over his shoulders; he should then enter the monastery carefully and without hurry. As he enters the monastery, he should look out for where the resident monks gather— whether in the assembly hall, under a roof cover, or at the foot of a tree— and he should go there. He should then put down his bowl and robe, find a suitable seat, and sit down. He should ask which is the water for drinking and which the water for washing. If he needs water to drink, he may take some and drink. If he needs water to wash, he may take some and wash his feet. When he washes his feet, he should pour the water with one hand and wash with the other. He shouldn’t pour the water and wash his feet with the same hand. He should ask for a sandal-wiping cloth, and then wipe them. When he wipes his sandals, he should first wipe them with a dry cloth, then with a wet one. He should wash the cloth and spread it out. If a resident monk is senior to him, the newly-arrived monk should bow down to him. If a resident monk is junior, he should bow down to the newly-arrived monk. The newly-arrived monk should ask which dwelling he may stay in and whether it’s occupied or not. He should ask about where to go for alms and where not to go, about any families designated as “in training”, about the place for defecating and the place for urinating, about the water for drinking and the water for washing, about walking sticks, and about the Sangha’s agreements concerning the right time to enter and the right time to leave.

Sace vihāro anajjhāvuttho hoti, kavāṭaṁ ākoṭetvā muhuttaṁ āgametvā ghaṭikaṁ ugghāṭetvā kavāṭaṁ paṇāmetvā bahi ṭhitena nilloketabbo. Sace vihāro uklāpo hoti, mañce vā mañco āropito hoti, pīṭhe vā pīṭhaṁ āropitaṁ hoti, senāsanaṁ upari puñjīkataṁ hoti, sace ussahati, sodhetabbo. Vihāraṁ sodhentena paṭhamaṁ bhūmattharaṇaṁ nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ; mañcapaṭipādakā nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbā; bhisibibbohanaṁ nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ; nisīdanapaccattharaṇaṁ nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ; mañco nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṁ, nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbo; pīṭhaṁ nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṁ, nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ; kheḷamallako nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbo; apassenaphalakaṁ nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ. Sace vihāre santānakaṁ hoti, ullokā paṭhamaṁ ohāretabbaṁ, ālokasandhikaṇṇabhāgā pamajjitabbā. Sace gerukaparikammakatā bhitti kaṇṇakitā hoti, coḷakaṁ temetvā pīḷetvā pamajjitabbā. Sace kāḷavaṇṇakatā bhūmi kaṇṇakitā hoti, coḷakaṁ temetvā pīḷetvā pamajjitabbā. Sace akatā hoti bhūmi, udakena paripphositvā sammajjitabbā— mā vihāro rajena uhaññīti. Saṅkāraṁ vicinitvā ekamantaṁ chaḍḍetabbaṁ.

If the dwelling is unoccupied, he should knock on the door, wait for a moment, then lift the latch, open the door, and look inside while standing outside. If the dwelling is dirty, and if the beds or benches are stacked on top of one another with furniture piled on top, he should clean it if he’s able. When he’s cleaning the dwelling, he should first take out the floor cover and put it aside. He should take out the bed supports and put them aside. He should take out the mattress and the pillow and put them aside. He should take out the sitting mat and the sheet and put them aside. Holding the bed low, he should carefully take it out without scratching it or knocking it against the door or the door frame, and he should put it aside. Holding the bench low, he should carefully take it out without scratching it or knocking it against the door or the door frame, and he should put it aside. He should take out the spittoon and put it aside. He should take out the leaning board and put it aside. If the dwelling has cobwebs, he should first remove them from the ceiling cloth, and he should then wipe the windows and the corners of the room. If the walls have been treated with red ocher and they’re moldy, he should moisten a cloth, wring it out, and wipe the walls. If the floor has been treated with a black finish and it’s moldy, he should moisten a cloth, wring it out, and wipe the floor. If the floor is untreated, he should sprinkle it with water and then sweep it, trying to avoid stirring up dust. He should look out for any trash and discard it.

Bhūmattharaṇaṁ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne paññapetabbaṁ. Mañcapaṭipādakā otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbā. Mañco otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṁ, atiharitvā yathāṭhāne paññapetabbo. Pīṭhaṁ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṁ, atiharitvā yathāṭhāne paññapetabbaṁ. Bhisibibbohanaṁ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathābhāgaṁ paññapetabbaṁ. Nisīdanapaccattharaṇaṁ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathābhāgaṁ paññapetabbaṁ. Kheḷamallako otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathābhāgaṁ ṭhapetabbo. Apassenaphalakaṁ otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathābhāgaṁ ṭhapetabbaṁ.

He should sun the floor cover, clean it, beat it, bring it back inside, and put it back as before. He should sun the bed supports, wipe them, bring them back inside, and put them back where they were. He should sun the bed, clean it, and beat it. Holding it low, he should carefully bring it back inside without scratching it or knocking it against the door or the door frame, and he should put it back as before. He should sun the bench, clean it, and beat it. Holding it low, he should carefully bring it back inside without scratching it or knocking it against the door or the door frame, and he should put it back as before. He should sun the mattress and the pillow, clean them, beat them, bring them back inside, and put them back as before. He should sun the sitting mat and the sheet, clean them, beat them, bring them back inside, and put them back as before. He should sun the spittoon, wipe it, bring it back inside, and put it back where it was. He should sun the leaning board, wipe it, bring it back inside, and put it back where it was.

Pattacīvaraṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ. Pattaṁ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena pattaṁ gahetvā ekena hatthena heṭṭhāmañcaṁ vā heṭṭhāpīṭhaṁ vā parāmasitvā patto nikkhipitabbo. Na ca anantarahitāya bhūmiyā patto nikkhipitabbo. Cīvaraṁ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena cīvaraṁ gahetvā ekena hatthena cīvaravaṁsaṁ vā cīvararajjuṁ vā pamajjitvā pārato antaṁ orato bhogaṁ katvā cīvaraṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ. Sace puratthimā sarajā vātā vāyanti, puratthimā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace pacchimā sarajā vātā vāyanti, pacchimā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace uttarā sarajā vātā vāyanti, uttarā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace dakkhiṇā sarajā vātā vāyanti, dakkhiṇā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace sītakālo hoti, divā vātapānā vivaritabbā, rattiṁ thaketabbā. Sace uṇhakālo hoti, divā vātapānā thaketabbā, rattiṁ vivaritabbā. Sace pariveṇaṁ uklāpaṁ hoti, pariveṇaṁ sammajjitabbaṁ. Sace koṭṭhako uklāpo hoti, koṭṭhako sammajjitabbo. Sace upaṭṭhānasālā uklāpā hoti, upaṭṭhānasālā sammajjitabbā. Sace aggisālā uklāpā hoti, aggisālā sammajjitabbā. Sace vaccakuṭi uklāpā hoti, vaccakuṭi sammajjitabbā. Sace pānīyaṁ na hoti, pānīyaṁ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṁ. Sace paribhojanīyaṁ na hoti, paribhojanīyaṁ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṁ. Sace ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṁ na hoti, ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṁ āsiñcitabbaṁ. Idaṁ kho, bhikkhave, āgantukānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ vattaṁ yathā āgantukehi bhikkhūhi sammā vattitabban”ti.

He should put away the bowl and robe. When putting away the bowl, he should hold the bowl in one hand, feel under the bed or the bench with the other, and then put it away. He shouldn’t put the bowl away on the bare floor. When putting away the robe, he should hold the robe in one hand, wipe the bamboo robe rack or the clothesline with the other, and then put it away by folding the robe over it, making the ends face the wall and the fold face out. If dusty winds are blowing from the east, he should close the windows on the eastern side. If dusty winds are blowing from the west, he should close the windows on the western side. If dusty winds are blowing from the north, he should close the windows on the northern side. If dusty winds are blowing from the south, he should close the windows on the southern side. If the weather is cold, he should open the windows during the day and close them at night. If the weather is hot, he should close the windows during the day and open them at night. If the yard is dirty, he should sweep it. If the gatehouse is dirty, he should sweep it. If the assembly hall is dirty, he should sweep it. If the water-boiling shed is dirty, he should sweep it. If the restroom is dirty, he should sweep it. If there’s no water for drinking, he should get some. If there’s no water for washing, he should get some. If there’s no water in the restroom ablutions pot, he should fill it. This is the proper conduct for newly-arrived monks.”

2. Āvāsikavattakathā

Tena kho pana samayena āvāsikā bhikkhū āgantuke bhikkhū disvā neva āsanaṁ paññapenti, na pādodakaṁ pādapīṭhaṁ pādakathalikaṁ upanikkhipanti, na paccuggantvā pattacīvaraṁ paṭiggaṇhanti, na pānīyena pucchanti, na vuḍḍhatarepi āgantuke bhikkhū abhivādenti, na senāsanaṁ paññapenti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti— “kathañhi nāma āvāsikā bhikkhū āgantuke bhikkhū disvā neva āsanaṁ paññapessanti, na pādodakaṁ pādapīṭhaṁ pādakathalikaṁ upanikkhipissanti, na paccuggantvā pattacīvaraṁ paṭiggahissanti, na pānīyena pucchissanti, vuḍḍhatarepi āgantuke bhikkhū na abhivādessanti, na senāsanaṁ paññapessantī”ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe… “saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave …pe… “saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti …pe… vigarahitvā …pe… dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi— “Tena hi, bhikkhave, āvāsikānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ vattaṁ paññapessāmi yathā āvāsikehi bhikkhūhi sammā vattitabbaṁ.

2. Discussion of the proper conduct for resident monks

At that time, when they saw newly-arrived monks, the resident monks did not prepare seats, or put out foot stools, foot scrapers, or water for washing the feet. They did not go out to meet them to receive their bowls and robes, or ask if they wanted water to drink. They did not bow down to newly-arrived monks who were senior to them or assign dwellings to them. The monks of few desires complained and criticized them, “How can the resident monks act like this?” They told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks: “Is it true, monks, that the resident monks are acting like this?” “It’s true, sir.” … After rebuking them … the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: “Well then, I’ll lay down the proper conduct for resident monks.

Āvāsikena, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā āgantukaṁ bhikkhuṁ vuḍḍhataraṁ disvā āsanaṁ paññapetabbaṁ, pādodakaṁ pādapīṭhaṁ pādakathalikaṁ upanikkhipitabbaṁ, paccuggantvā pattacīvaraṁ paṭiggahetabbaṁ, pānīyena pucchitabbo. Sace ussahati, upāhanā puñchitabbā. Upāhanā puñchantena paṭhamaṁ sukkhena coḷakena puñchitabbā, pacchā allena. Upāhanāpuñchanacoḷakaṁ dhovitvā ekamantaṁ vissajjetabbaṁ. Āgantuko bhikkhu vuḍḍhataro abhivādetabbo. Senāsanaṁ paññapetabbaṁ— ‘etaṁ te senāsanaṁ pāpuṇātī’ti. Ajjhāvuṭṭhaṁ vā anajjhāvuṭṭhaṁ vā ācikkhitabbaṁ. Gocaro ācikkhitabbo. Agocaro ācikkhitabbo. Sekkhasammatāni kulāni ācikkhitabbāni. Vaccaṭṭhānaṁ ācikkhitabbaṁ. Passāvaṭṭhānaṁ ācikkhitabbaṁ. Pānīyaṁ ācikkhitabbaṁ. Paribhojanīyaṁ ācikkhitabbaṁ. Kattaradaṇḍo ācikkhitabbo. Saṅghassa katikasaṇṭhānaṁ ācikkhitabbaṁ— ‘imaṁ kālaṁ pavisitabbaṁ, imaṁ kālaṁ nikkhamitabban’ti.

When a resident monk sees a newly-arrived monk who is senior to him, he should prepare a seat, and put out a foot stool, a foot scraper, and water for washing the feet. He should go out to meet him to receive his bowl and robe, and ask if he wants water to drink. If he’s able, he should wipe his sandals, first with a dry cloth and then with a wet one. He should wash the cloth and spread it out. If the newly-arrived monk is senior to him, the resident monk should bow down to him. He should assign him a dwelling, tell him where it is, and inform him whether it’s occupied or not. He should tell him where to go for alms and where not to go, and about any families designated as ‘in training’. He should point out the place for defecating and the place for urinating, the water for drinking and the water for washing, and the walking sticks. He should tell him about the Sangha’s agreements concerning the right time to enter and the right time to leave.

Sace navako hoti, nisinnakeneva ācikkhitabbaṁ— ‘atra pattaṁ nikkhipāhi, atra cīvaraṁ nikkhipāhi, idaṁ āsanaṁ nisīdāhī’ti. Pānīyaṁ ācikkhitabbaṁ. Paribhojanīyaṁ ācikkhitabbaṁ. Upāhanāpuñchanacoḷakaṁ ācikkhitabbaṁ. Āgantuko bhikkhu navako abhivādāpetabbo. Senāsanaṁ ācikkhitabbaṁ— ‘etaṁ te senāsanaṁ pāpuṇātī’ti. Ajjhāvuṭṭhaṁ vā anajjhāvuṭṭhaṁ vā ācikkhitabbaṁ. Gocaro ācikkhitabbo. Agocaro ācikkhitabbo. Sekkhasammatāni kulāni ācikkhitabbāni. Vaccaṭṭhānaṁ ācikkhitabbaṁ. Passāvaṭṭhānaṁ ācikkhitabbaṁ. Pānīyaṁ ācikkhitabbaṁ. Paribhojanīyaṁ ācikkhitabbaṁ. Kattaradaṇḍo ācikkhitabbo. Saṅghassa katikasaṇṭhānaṁ ācikkhitabbaṁ— ‘imaṁ kālaṁ pavisitabbaṁ, imaṁ kālaṁ nikkhamitabban’ti. Idaṁ kho, bhikkhave, āvāsikānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ vattaṁ yathā āvāsikehi bhikkhūhi sammā vattitabban”ti.

If the newly-arrived monk is junior to him, the resident monk should remain seated while telling him where to put his bowl and robe, and which seat to sit on. He should point out the water for drinking and the water for washing, as well as a sandal-wiping cloth. If the newly-arrived monk is junior to the resident monk, he should bow down to him. The resident monk should tell him which dwelling he may stay in and whether it’s occupied or not. He should tell him where to go for alms and where not to go, and about any families designated as ‘in training’. He should point out the place for defecating and the place for urinating, the water for drinking and the water for washing, and the walking sticks. He should tell him about the Sangha’s agreements concerning the right time to enter and the right time to leave. This is the proper conduct for resident monks.”

3. Gamikavattakathā

Tena kho pana samayena gamikā bhikkhū dārubhaṇḍaṁ mattikābhaṇḍaṁ appaṭisāmetvā dvāravātapānaṁ vivaritvā senāsanaṁ anāpucchā pakkamanti. Dārubhaṇḍaṁ mattikābhaṇḍaṁ nassati. Senāsanaṁ aguttaṁ hoti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti— “kathañhi nāma gamikā bhikkhū dārubhaṇḍaṁ mattikābhaṇḍaṁ appaṭisāmetvā dvāravātapānaṁ vivaritvā senāsanaṁ anāpucchā pakkamissanti. Dārubhaṇḍaṁ mattikābhaṇḍaṁ nassati. Senāsanaṁ aguttaṁ hotī”ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe… “saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave …pe… “saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti …pe… vigarahitvā …pe… dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi— “Tena hi, bhikkhave, gamikānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ vattaṁ paññapessāmi yathā gamikehi bhikkhūhi sammā vattitabbaṁ.

3. Discussion of the proper conduct for departing monks

At that time there were monks who departed without putting the wooden and ceramic goods in order, without closing the door and the windows, and without informing anyone. The wooden and ceramic goods were lost and the dwelling was unprotected. The monks of few desires complained and criticized them, “How can the departing monks act like this?” They told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks: “Is it true, monks, that the departing monks are acting like this?” “It’s true, sir.” … After rebuking them … the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: “Well then, I’ll lay down the proper conduct for departing monks.

Gamikena, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā dārubhaṇḍaṁ mattikābhaṇḍaṁ paṭisāmetvā dvāravātapānaṁ thaketvā senāsanaṁ āpucchā pakkamitabbaṁ. Sace bhikkhu na hoti, sāmaṇero āpucchitabbo. Sace sāmaṇero na hoti, ārāmiko āpucchitabbo. Sace ārāmiko na hoti, upāsako āpucchitabbo. Sace na hoti bhikkhu vā sāmaṇero vā ārāmiko vā upāsako vā, catūsu pāsāṇesu mañcaṁ paññapetvā mañce mañcaṁ āropetvā pīṭhe pīṭhaṁ āropetvā senāsanaṁ upari puñjaṁ karitvā dārubhaṇḍaṁ mattikābhaṇḍaṁ paṭisāmetvā dvāravātapānaṁ thaketvā pakkamitabbaṁ.

Before a monk departs, he should put the wooden and ceramic goods in order, close the door and the windows, and inform someone. If there are no monks, he should inform a novice monk; if there are no novice monks, he should inform a monastery worker; if there are no monastery workers, he should inform a lay follower. If there are no monks, novice monks, monastery workers, or lay followers, he should place the bed on four rocks. He should then stack the beds and benches on top of one another, with the other furniture piled on top, and put away the wooden and ceramic goods. He should close the door and the windows, and then depart.

Sace vihāro ovassati, sace ussahati, chādetabbo, ussukkaṁ vā kātabbaṁ— ‘kinti nu kho vihāro chādiyethā’ti. Evañcetaṁ labhetha, iccetaṁ kusalaṁ. No ce labhetha, yo deso anovassako hoti, tattha catūsu pāsāṇesu mañcaṁ paññapetvā mañce mañcaṁ āropetvā pīṭhe pīṭhaṁ āropetvā senāsanaṁ upari puñjaṁ karitvā dārubhaṇḍaṁ mattikābhaṇḍaṁ paṭisāmetvā dvāravātapānaṁ thaketvā pakkamitabbaṁ. Sace sabbo vihāro ovassati, sace ussahati, senāsanaṁ gāmaṁ atiharitabbaṁ, ussukkaṁ vā kātabbaṁ— ‘kinti nu kho senāsanaṁ gāmaṁ atihariyethā’ti. Evañcetaṁ labhetha, iccetaṁ kusalaṁ. No ce labhetha, ajjhokāse catūsu pāsāṇesu mañcaṁ paññapetvā mañce mañcaṁ āropetvā pīṭhe pīṭhaṁ āropetvā senāsanaṁ upari puñjaṁ karitvā dārubhaṇḍaṁ mattikābhaṇḍaṁ paṭisāmetvā tiṇena vā paṇṇena vā paṭicchādetvā pakkamitabbaṁ— appeva nāma aṅgānipi seseyyunti. Idaṁ kho, bhikkhave, gamikānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ vattaṁ yathā gamikehi bhikkhūhi sammā vattitabban”ti.

If rain enters the dwelling, he should cover it if he’s able, or he should make an effort to have it covered. If this works out, all is well. If not, he should place the bed on four rocks in a dry spot. He should then stack the beds and benches on top of one another, with the other furniture piled on top, and put away the wooden and ceramic goods. He should close the door and the windows, and then depart. If the whole dwelling is getting wet, he should carry the furniture to the village if he’s able, or he should make an effort to have it carried to the village. If this works out, all is well. If not, he should place the bed on four rocks outside. He should then stack the beds and benches on top of one another, with the other furniture piled on top, and he should put away the wooden and ceramic goods. He should cover it all with grass and leaves and then depart, thinking, ‘Hopefully the requisites will be okay.’ This is the proper conduct for departing monks.”

4. Anumodanavattakathā

Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū bhattagge na anumodanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti— “kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā bhattagge na anumodissantī”ti. Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tesaṁ manussānaṁ ujjhāyantānaṁ khiyyantānaṁ vipācentānaṁ. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi— “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bhattagge anumoditun”ti. Atha kho tesaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ etadahosi— “kena nu kho bhattagge anumoditabban”ti? Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi— “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, therena bhikkhunā bhattagge anumoditun”ti. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa pūgassa saṅghabhattaṁ hoti. Āyasmā sāriputto saṅghatthero hoti. Bhikkhū— “bhagavatā anuññātaṁ therena bhikkhunā bhattagge anumoditun”ti— āyasmantaṁ sāriputtaṁ ekakaṁ ohāya pakkamiṁsu. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto te manusse paṭisammoditvā pacchā ekako agamāsi. Addasā kho bhagavā āyasmantaṁ sāriputtaṁ dūratova ekakaṁ āgacchantaṁ. Disvāna āyasmantaṁ sāriputtaṁ etadavoca— “kacci, sāriputta, bhattaṁ iddhaṁ ahosī”ti? “Iddhaṁ kho, bhante, bhattaṁ ahosi; api ca maṁ bhikkhū ekakaṁ ohāya pakkantā”ti. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi— “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bhattagge catūhi pañcahi therānutherehi bhikkhūhi āgametun”ti. Tena kho pana samayena aññataro thero bhattagge vaccito āgamesi. So vaccaṁ sandhāretuṁ asakkonto mucchito papati. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ. “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sati karaṇīye ānantarikaṁ bhikkhuṁ āpucchitvā gantun”ti.

4. Discussion of the proper conduct in connection with the expression of appreciation

At that time there were monks who did not express their appreciation in the dining hall. People complained and criticized them, “How can the Sakyan monastics not express their appreciation in the dining hall?” The monks heard the complaints of those people and they told the Buddha. The Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: “You should express your appreciation in the dining hall.” The monks thought, “Who should give the expression of appreciation?” They told the Buddha. He gave a teaching and addressed the monks: “The most senior monk should give the expression of appreciation in the dining hall.” Soon afterwards a certain association was offering a meal to the Sangha. Venerable Sāriputta was the most senior monk. Because the Buddha had said the most senior monk should give the expression of appreciation, the other monks left, leaving Sāriputta behind by himself. After giving the expression of appreciation, he left by himself. The Buddha saw him coming and asked, “Did the meal go well?” “The meal went well, sir, but the monks all left, leaving me behind by myself.” Soon afterwards the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: “The four or five most senior monks should wait in the dining hall.” On one occasion a senior monk who needed to defecate was waiting in the dining hall. Being unable to hold out, he fainted and fell over. They told the Buddha. “When there’s something to be done, I allow you to go after informing the monk next to you.”

5. Bhattaggavattakathā

Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū dunnivatthā duppārutā anākappasampannā bhattaggaṁ gacchanti, vokkammapi therānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ purato purato gacchanti, therepi bhikkhū anupakhajja nisīdanti, navepi bhikkhū āsanena paṭibāhanti, saṅghāṭimpi ottharitvā antaraghare nisīdanti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti— “kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū dunnivatthā duppārutā anākappasampannā bhattaggaṁ gacchissanti, vokkammapi therānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ purato purato gacchissanti, therepi bhikkhū anupakhajja nisīdissanti, navepi bhikkhū āsanenapi paṭibāhissanti, saṅghāṭimpi ottharitvā antaraghare nisīdissantī”ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe… “saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhū dunnivatthā duppārutā anākappasampannā bhattaggaṁ gacchanti, vokkammapi therānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ purato purato gacchanti, therepi bhikkhū anupakhajja nisīdanti, navepi bhikkhū āsanena paṭibāhanti, saṅghāṭimpi ottharitvā antaraghare nisīdantī”ti? “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti …pe… vigarahitvā …pe… dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi— “Tena hi, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṁ bhattaggavattaṁ paññapessāmi yathā bhikkhūhi bhattagge sammā vattitabbaṁ.

5. Discussion of the proper conduct in relation to dining halls

At that time the monks from the group of six walked to the dining hall shabbily dressed and improper in appearance. Taking a short cut, they walked in front of the senior monks. They sat down encroaching on the senior monks and blocked the junior monks from getting a seat. And they spread out their upper robes and sat on them in inhabited areas. The monks of few desires complained and criticized them, “How can the monks from the group of six act like this?” They told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks: “Is it true, monks, that the monks from the group of six are acting like this?” “It’s true, sir.” … After rebuking them … the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: “Well then, I’ll lay down the proper conduct in relation to dining halls.

Sace ārāme kālo ārocito hoti, timaṇḍalaṁ paṭicchādentena parimaṇḍalaṁ nivāsetvā kāyabandhanaṁ bandhitvā saguṇaṁ katvā saṅghāṭiyo pārupitvā gaṇṭhikaṁ paṭimuñcitvā dhovitvā pattaṁ gahetvā sādhukaṁ ataramānena gāmo pavisitabbo. Na vokkamma therānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ purato purato gantabbaṁ. Suppaṭicchannena antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Susaṁvutena antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Okkhittacakkhunā antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na ukkhittakāya antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na ujjagghikāya antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Appasaddena antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na kāyappacālakaṁ antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na bāhuppacālakaṁ antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na sīsappacālakaṁ antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na khambhakatena antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na oguṇṭhitena antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na ukkuṭikāya antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Suppaṭicchannena antaraghare nisīditabbaṁ. Susaṁvutena antaraghare nisīditabbaṁ. Okkhittacakkhunā antaraghare nisīditabbaṁ. Na ukkhittakāya antaraghare nisīditabbaṁ na ujjagghikāya antaraghare nisīditabbaṁ, appasaddena antaraghare nisīditabbaṁ. Na kāyappacālakaṁ antaraghare nisīditabbaṁ. Na bāhuppacālakaṁ antaraghare nisīditabbaṁ. Na sīsappacālakaṁ antaraghare nisīditabbaṁ. Na khambhakatena antaraghare nisīditabbaṁ. Na oguṇṭhitena antaraghare nisīditabbaṁ. Na pallatthikāya antaraghare nisīditabbaṁ. Na there bhikkhū anupakhajja nisīditabbaṁ. Na navā bhikkhū āsanena paṭibāhitabbā. Na saṅghāṭiṁ ottharitvā antaraghare nisīditabbaṁ.

In a monastery where the time for departure gets announced, a monk should put on his sarong evenly all around, covering the navel and the knees. He should put on a belt. Putting the upper robes together, overlapping each other edge-to-edge, he should put them on and fasten the toggle. He should rinse his bowl, bring it along, and enter the village carefully and without hurry. He shouldn’t take a short cut and walk in front of the senior monks. He should be well-covered while walking in inhabited areas; he should be well-restrained while walking in inhabited areas; he should lower his eyes while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t lift his robe while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t laugh loudly while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t be noisy while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t sway his body while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t swing his arms while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t sway his head while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t have his hands on his hips while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t cover his head while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t move about while squatting on his heels in inhabited areas. He should be well-covered while sitting in inhabited areas; he should be well-restrained while sitting in inhabited areas; he should lower his eyes while sitting in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t lift his robe while sitting in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t laugh loudly while sitting in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t be noisy while sitting in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t sway his body while sitting in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t swing his arms while sitting in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t sway his head while sitting in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t have his hands on his hips while sitting in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t cover his head while sitting in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t clasp his knees while sitting in inhabited areas. He shouldn’t sit encroaching on the senior monks or block the junior monks from getting a seat. He shouldn’t spread out his upper robe and sit on it in inhabited areas.

Udake diyyamāne ubhohi hatthehi pattaṁ paṭiggahetvā udakaṁ paṭiggahetabbaṁ. Nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena patto dhovitabbo. Sace udakappaṭiggāhako hoti, nīcaṁ katvā udakappaṭiggahe udakaṁ āsiñcitabbaṁ— mā udakappaṭiggāhako udakena osiñci, mā sāmantā bhikkhū udakena osiñciṁsu, mā saṅghāṭi udakena osiñcīti. Sace udakappaṭiggāhako na hoti, nīcaṁ katvā chamāya udakaṁ āsiñcitabbaṁ— mā sāmantā bhikkhū udakena osiñciṁsu, mā saṅghāṭi udakena osiñcīti. Odane diyyamāne ubhohi hatthehi pattaṁ paṭiggahetvā odano paṭiggahetabbo, sūpassa okāso kātabbo. Sace hoti sappi vā telaṁ vā uttaribhaṅgaṁ vā, therena vattabbo— ‘sabbesaṁ samakaṁ sampādehī’ti. Sakkaccaṁ piṇḍapāto paṭiggahetabbo. Pattasaññinā piṇḍapāto paṭiggahetabbo. Samasūpako piṇḍapāto paṭiggahetabbo. Samatittiko piṇḍapāto paṭiggahetabbo. Na tāva therena bhuñjitabbaṁ yāva na sabbesaṁ odano sampatto hoti.

When given water, he should receive it while holding his bowl with both hands. Holding the bowl low, he should rinse it carefully without scratching it. If there’s someone to receive the water, he should hold his bowl low and pour the water into the container, trying to avoid splashing the person receiving the water, the monks sitting nearby, and his upper robe. If there’s no one to receive the water, he should hold his bowl low and pour the water on the ground, trying to avoid splashing the monks sitting nearby and his upper robe. When given rice, he should receive it while holding his bowl with both hands, leaving room for the curry. If there’s ghee, oil, or special curry, the senior monk should say, ‘Everyone gets an equal share.’ He should receive the almsfood respectfully; he should receive the almsfood with attention on the bowl; he should receive the almsfood with the right proportion of bean curry; he should receive an even level of almsfood. The senior monk shouldn’t start eating until everyone has received rice.

Sakkaccaṁ piṇḍapāto bhuñjitabbo. Pattasaññinā piṇḍapāto bhuñjitabbo. Sapadānaṁ piṇḍapāto bhuñjitabbo. Samasūpako piṇḍapāto bhuñjitabbo. Na thūpakato omadditvā piṇḍapāto bhuñjitabbo. Na sūpaṁ vā byañjanaṁ vā odanena paṭicchādetabbaṁ bhiyyokamyataṁ upādāya. Na sūpaṁ vā odanaṁ vā agilānena attano atthāya viññāpetvā bhuñjitabbaṁ. Na ujjhānasaññinā paresaṁ patto oloketabbo. Nātimahanto kabaḷo kātabbo. Parimaṇḍalo ālopo kātabbo. Na anāhaṭe kabaḷe mukhadvāraṁ vivaritabbaṁ. Na bhuñjamānena sabbo hattho mukhe pakkhipitabbo. Na sakabaḷena mukhena byāharitabbaṁ. Na piṇḍukkhepakaṁ bhuñjitabbaṁ. Na kabaḷāvacchedakaṁ bhuñjitabbaṁ. Na avagaṇḍakārakaṁ bhuñjitabbaṁ. Na hatthaniddhunakaṁ bhuñjitabbaṁ. Na sitthāvakārakaṁ bhuñjitabbaṁ. Na jivhānicchārakaṁ bhuñjitabbaṁ. Na capucapukārakaṁ bhuñjitabbaṁ. Na surusurukārakaṁ bhuñjitabbaṁ. Na hatthanillehakaṁ bhuñjitabbaṁ. Na pattanillehakaṁ bhuñjitabbaṁ. Na oṭṭhanillehakaṁ bhuñjitabbaṁ. Na sāmisena hatthena pānīyathālako paṭiggahetabbo.

A monk should eat almsfood respectfully; he should eat almsfood with attention on the bowl; he should eat almsfood in order; he should eat almsfood with the right proportion of bean curry; he shouldn’t eat almsfood after making a heap; he shouldn’t cover his curries with rice because he wants more; when not sick, he shouldn’t request bean curry and rice for himself and then eat it; he shouldn’t look at another’s almsbowl finding fault; he shouldn’t make mouthfuls that are too large; he should make rounded mouthfuls; he shouldn’t open his mouth without bringing a mouthful to it; he shouldn’t put his whole hand in his mouth while eating; he shouldn’t speak with food in his mouth; he shouldn’t eat from a lifted ball of food; he shouldn’t eat breaking up mouthfuls; he shouldn’t eat stuffing his cheeks; he shouldn’t eat shaking his hand; he shouldn’t eat scattering rice; he shouldn’t eat sticking out his tongue; he shouldn’t make a chomping sound while eating; he shouldn’t slurp while eating; he shouldn’t lick his hand while eating; he shouldn’t lick his almsbowl while eating; he shouldn’t lick his lips while eating; he shouldn’t receive the drinking-water vessel with a hand soiled with food.

Na tāva therena udakaṁ paṭiggahetabbaṁ yāva na sabbeva bhuttāvino honti. Udake diyyamāne ubhohi hatthehi pattaṁ paṭiggahetvā udakaṁ paṭiggahetabbaṁ. Nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena patto dhovitabbo. Sace udakappaṭiggāhako hoti, nīcaṁ katvā udakappaṭiggahe udakaṁ āsiñcitabbaṁ— mā udakappaṭiggāhako udakena osiñci, mā sāmantā bhikkhū udakena osiñciṁsu, mā saṅghāṭi udakena osiñcīti. Sace udakappaṭiggāhako na hoti, nīcaṁ katvā chamāya udakaṁ āsiñcitabbaṁ— mā sāmantā bhikkhū udakena osiñciṁsu, mā saṅghāṭi udakena osiñcīti. Na sasitthakaṁ pattadhovanaṁ antaraghare chaḍḍetabbaṁ. Nivattantena navakehi bhikkhūhi paṭhamataraṁ nivattitabbaṁ, pacchā therehi. Suppaṭicchannena antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Susaṁvutena antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Okkhittacakkhunā antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na ukkhittakāya antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na ujjagghikāya antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Appasaddena antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na kāyappacālakaṁ antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na bāhuppacālakaṁ antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na sīsappacālakaṁ antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na khambhakatena antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na oguṇṭhitena antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na ukkuṭikāya antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Idaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṁ bhattaggavattaṁ yathā bhikkhūhi bhattagge sammā vattitabban”ti.

The senior monk shouldn’t receive water for washing until all the monks are finished eating. When given water, a monk should receive it while holding his bowl with both hands. Holding the bowl low, he should rinse it carefully without scratching it. If there’s someone to receive the water, he should hold his bowl low and pour the water into the container, trying to avoid splashing the person receiving the water, the monks sitting nearby, and his upper robe. If there’s no one to receive the water, he should hold his bowl low and pour the water on the ground, trying to avoid splashing the monks sitting nearby and his upper robe. He shouldn’t discard bowl-washing water containing rice in inhabited areas. When returning, the junior monks should go first and then the senior monks. A monk should be well-covered while walking in inhabited areas; he should be well-restrained while walking in inhabited areas; he should lower his eyes while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t lift his robe while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t laugh loudly while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t be noisy while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t sway his body while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t swing his arms while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t sway his head while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t have his hands on his hips while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t cover his head while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t move about while squatting on his heels in inhabited areas. This is the proper conduct in relation to dining halls.”

6. Piṇḍacārikavattakathā

Tena kho pana samayena piṇḍacārikā bhikkhū dunnivatthā duppārutā anākappasampannā piṇḍāya caranti, asallakkhetvāpi nivesanaṁ pavisanti, asallakkhetvāpi nikkhamanti, atisahasāpi pavisanti, atisahasāpi nikkhamanti, atidūrepi tiṭṭhanti, accāsannepi tiṭṭhanti, aticirampi tiṭṭhanti, atilahumpi nivattanti. Aññataropi piṇḍacāriko bhikkhu asallakkhetvā nivesanaṁ pāvisi. So ca dvāraṁ maññamāno aññataraṁ ovarakaṁ pāvisi. Tasmimpi ovarake itthī naggā uttānā nipannā hoti. Addasā kho so bhikkhu taṁ itthiṁ naggaṁ uttānaṁ nipannaṁ. Disvāna— “nayidaṁ dvāraṁ, ovarakaṁ idan”ti tamhā ovarakā nikkhami. Addasā kho tassā itthiyā sāmiko taṁ itthiṁ naggaṁ uttānaṁ nipannaṁ. Disvāna— “iminā me bhikkhunā pajāpatī dūsitā”ti taṁ bhikkhuṁ gahetvā ākoṭesi. Atha kho sā itthī tena saddena paṭibujjhitvā taṁ purisaṁ etadavoca— “kissa tvaṁ, ayya, imaṁ bhikkhuṁ ākoṭesī”ti? “Imināsi tvaṁ bhikkhunā dūsitā”ti? “Nāhaṁ, ayya, iminā bhikkhunā dūsitā; akārako so bhikkhū”ti taṁ bhikkhuṁ muñcāpesi. Atha kho so bhikkhu ārāmaṁ gantvā bhikkhūnaṁ etamatthaṁ ārocesi. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti— “kathañhi nāma piṇḍacārikā bhikkhū dunnivatthā duppārutā anākappasampannā piṇḍāya carissanti, asallakkhetvāpi nivesanaṁ pavisissanti, asallakkhetvāpi nikkhamissanti, atisahasāpi pavisissanti, atisahasāpi nikkhamissanti, atidūrepi tiṭṭhissanti, accāsannepi tiṭṭhissanti, aticirampi tiṭṭhissanti, atilahumpi nivattissantī”ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe… “saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave …pe… “saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti …pe… vigarahitvā …pe… dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi— “Tena hi, bhikkhave, piṇḍacārikānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ vattaṁ paññapessāmi yathā piṇḍacārikehi bhikkhūhi sammā vattitabbaṁ.

6. Discussion of the proper conduct for alms collectors

At that time there were alms-collecting monks who were shabbily dressed and improper in appearance. They entered and left houses without being attentive, entered and left too hastily, stood too far away or too close, and waited too long or left too soon. On one occasion a certain monk entered a house without being attentive. Thinking it was the main door, he entered a room where a woman was lying naked. When he saw her, he left the room. But when her husband saw her there, he thought, “My wife has been raped by this monk,” and he took hold of that monk and gave him a beating. The woman woke up from the commotion and asked her husband, “Why are you beating this monk?” “Didn’t he rape you?” “No he didn’t. He’s innocent.” And she had him release that monk. The monk then returned to the monastery and told the monks what had happened. The monks of few desires complained and criticized him, “How can the alms-collecting monks act like this?” They told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks: “Is it true, monks, that the alms-collecting monks are acting like this?” “It’s true, sir.” … After rebuking them … the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: “Well then, I’ll lay down the proper conduct for alms-collecting monks.

Piṇḍacārikena, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā— ‘idāni gāmaṁ pavisissāmī’ti timaṇḍalaṁ paṭicchādentena parimaṇḍalaṁ nivāsetvā kāyabandhanaṁ bandhitvā saguṇaṁ katvā saṅghāṭiyo pārupitvā gaṇṭhikaṁ paṭimuñcitvā dhovitvā pattaṁ gahetvā sādhukaṁ ataramānena gāmo pavisitabbo. Suppaṭicchannena antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Susaṁvutena antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Okkhittacakkhunā antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na ukkhittakāya antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na ujjagghikāya antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Appasaddena antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na kāyappacālakaṁ antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na bāhuppacālakaṁ antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na sīsappacālakaṁ antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na khambhakatena antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na oguṇṭhitena antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na ukkuṭikāya antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Nivesanaṁ pavisantena sallakkhetabbaṁ— ‘iminā pavisissāmi, iminā nikkhamissāmī’ti. Nātisahasā pavisitabbaṁ. Nātisahasā nikkhamitabbaṁ. Nātidūre ṭhātabbaṁ. Nāccāsanne ṭhātabbaṁ. Nāticiraṁ ṭhātabbaṁ. Nātilahuṁ nivattitabbaṁ. Ṭhitakena sallakkhetabbaṁ— ‘bhikkhaṁ dātukāmā vā adātukāmā vā’ti. Sace kammaṁ vā nikkhipati, āsanā vā vuṭṭhāti, kaṭacchuṁ vā parāmasati, bhājanaṁ vā parāmasati, ṭhapeti vā—dātukāmassāti ṭhātabbaṁ. Bhikkhāya diyyamānāya vāmena hatthena saṅghāṭiṁ uccāretvā dakkhiṇena hatthena pattaṁ paṇāmetvā ubhohi hatthehi pattaṁ paṭiggahetvā bhikkhā paṭiggahetabbā. Na ca bhikkhādāyikāya mukhaṁ ulloketabbaṁ. Sallakkhetabbaṁ— ‘sūpaṁ dātukāmā vā adātukāmā vā’ti. Sace kaṭacchuṁ vā parāmasati, bhājanaṁ vā parāmasati, ṭhapeti vā— dātukāmassāti ṭhātabbaṁ. Bhikkhāya dinnāya saṅghāṭiyā pattaṁ paṭicchādetvā sādhukaṁ ataramānena nivattitabbaṁ. Suppaṭicchannena antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Susaṁvutena antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Okkhittacakkhunā antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na ukkhittakāya antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na ujjagghikāya antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Appasaddena antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na kāyappacālakaṁ antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na bāhuppacālakaṁ antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na sīsappacālakaṁ antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na khambhakatena antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na oguṇṭhitena antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na ukkuṭikāya antaraghare gantabbaṁ.

When an alms-collecting monk is about to enter the village, he should put on his sarong evenly all around, covering the navel and the knees. He should put on a belt. Putting the upper robes together, overlapping each other edge-to-edge, he should put them on and fasten the toggle. He should rinse his bowl, bring it along, and enter the village carefully and without hurry. He should be well-covered while walking in an inhabited areas; he should be well-restrained while walking in inhabited areas; he should lower his eyes while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t lift his robe while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t laugh loudly while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t be noisy while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t sway his body while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t swing his arms while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t sway his head while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t have his hands on his hips while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t cover his head while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t move about while squatting on his heels in inhabited areas. When entering a house, he should be attentive to where to enter and where to leave. He shouldn’t enter or leave too hastily, stand too far away or too close, or wait too long or leave too soon. While waiting, he should be attentive to whether they wish to give alms or not. If they put down their work, get up from their seat, take hold of a serving spoon or a vessel, or they tell him to wait, then he should assume they wish to give, and he should wait. When they give him almsfood, he should lift his upper robe with his left hand, stretch out his bowl with his right hand, and receive the alms while holding the bowl with both hands. He shouldn’t look the donor in the face. He should be attentive to whether they wish to give curry or not. If they take hold of a serving spoon or a vessel, or they tell him to wait, then he should assume they wish to give, and he should wait. When they have given alms, he should cover the bowl with his upper robe, and leave carefully and without hurry. He should be well-covered while walking in inhabited areas; he should be well-restrained while walking in inhabited areas; he should lower his eyes while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t lift his robe while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t laugh loudly while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t be noisy while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t sway his body while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t swing his arms while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t sway his head while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t have his hands on his hips while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t cover his head while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t move about while squatting on his heels in inhabited areas.

Yo paṭhamaṁ gāmato piṇḍāya paṭikkamati, tena āsanaṁ paññapetabbaṁ, pādodakaṁ pādapīṭhaṁ pādakathalikaṁ upanikkhipitabbaṁ, avakkārapāti dhovitvā upaṭṭhāpetabbā, pānīyaṁ paribhojanīyaṁ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṁ. Yo pacchā gāmato piṇḍāya paṭikkamati, sace hoti bhuttāvaseso, sace ākaṅkhati, bhuñjitabbaṁ. No ce ākaṅkhati, appaharite vā chaḍḍetabbaṁ, appāṇake vā udake opilāpetabbaṁ. Tena āsanaṁ uddharitabbaṁ, pādodakaṁ pādapīṭhaṁ pādakathalikaṁ paṭisāmetabbaṁ, avakkārapāti dhovitvā paṭisāmetabbā, pānīyaṁ paribhojanīyaṁ paṭisāmetabbaṁ, bhattaggaṁ sammajjitabbaṁ. Yo passati pānīyaghaṭaṁ vā paribhojanīyaghaṭaṁ vā vaccaghaṭaṁ vā rittaṁ tucchaṁ tena upaṭṭhāpetabbaṁ. Sacassa hoti avisayhaṁ, hatthavikārena dutiyaṁ āmantetvā hatthavilaṅghakena upaṭṭhāpetabbaṁ, na ca tappaccayā vācā bhinditabbā. Idaṁ kho, bhikkhave, piṇḍacārikānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ vattaṁ yathā piṇḍacārikehi bhikkhūhi sammā vattitabban”ti.

Whoever returns first from almsround in the village should prepare the seats and set out a foot stool, a foot scraper, and water for washing the feet. He should wash the bowl for leftovers and put it back out, and set out water for drinking and water for washing. Whoever returns last from almsround may eat whatever is left over, or he should discard it where there are no cultivated plants or in water without life. He should put away the seats and also the foot stool, the foot scraper, and the water for washing the feet. He should wash the bowl for leftovers and put it away, put away the water for drinking and the water for washing, and sweep the dining hall. Whoever sees that the pot for drinking water, the pot for washing water, or the restroom pot is empty should fill it. If he can’t do it by himself, he should call someone over by hand signal and they should fill it together. He shouldn’t speak because of that. This is the proper conduct for alms collectors.”

7. Āraññikavattakathā

Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū araññe viharanti. Te neva pānīyaṁ upaṭṭhāpenti, na paribhojanīyaṁ upaṭṭhāpenti, na aggiṁ upaṭṭhāpenti, na araṇisahitaṁ upaṭṭhāpenti, na nakkhattapadāni jānanti, na disābhāgaṁ jānanti. Corā tattha gantvā te bhikkhū etadavocuṁ— “atthi, bhante, pānīyan”ti? “Natthāvuso”ti. “Atthi, bhante, paribhojanīyan”ti? “Natthāvuso”ti. “Atthi, bhante, aggī”ti? “Natthāvuso”ti. “Atthi, bhante, araṇisahitan”ti? “Natthāvuso”ti. (…) “Kenajja, bhante, yuttan”ti? “Na kho mayaṁ, āvuso, jānāmā”ti. “Katamāyaṁ, bhante, disā”ti? “Na kho mayaṁ, āvuso, jānāmā”ti. Atha kho te corā— “nevimesaṁ pānīyaṁ atthi, na paribhojanīyaṁ atthi, na aggi atthi, na araṇisahitaṁ atthi, na nakkhattapadāni jānanti, na disābhāgaṁ jānanti; corā ime, nayime bhikkhū”ti— ākoṭetvā pakkamiṁsu. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhikkhūnaṁ etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ. Bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi— “Tena hi, bhikkhave, āraññikānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ vattaṁ paññapessāmi yathā āraññikehi bhikkhūhi sammā vattitabbaṁ.

7. Discussion of the proper conduct for those staying in the wilderness

At that time there was a number of monks staying in the wilderness. They did not set out water for drinking or water for washing, did not light fires or provide fire-making implements, and did not know the constellations or the regions. Criminals went to that place and asked the monks, “Sir, is there any water for drinking?” — “No, there isn’t.” — “Is there any water for washing?” — “No.” — “Is there any fire?” — “No.” — “Are there any fire-making implements?” — “No.” — “Which constellation is the moon in today?” — “We don’t know.” — “Which region is this?” — “We don’t know.” Thinking, “They’re not monks; they’re criminals,” they beat them up and left. The monks told other monks what had happened and they in turn told the Buddha. Soon afterwards the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: “Well then, I’ll lay down the proper conduct for monks staying in the wilderness.

Āraññikena, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā kālasseva uṭṭhāya pattaṁ thavikāya pakkhipitvā aṁse ālaggetvā cīvaraṁ khandhe karitvā upāhanā ārohitvā dārubhaṇḍaṁ mattikābhaṇḍaṁ paṭisāmetvā dvāravātapānaṁ thaketvā senāsanā otaritabbaṁ— idāni gāmaṁ pavisissāmīti. Upāhanā omuñcitvā nīcaṁ katvā papphoṭetvā thavikāya pakkhipitvā aṁse ālaggetvā timaṇḍalaṁ paṭicchādentena parimaṇḍalaṁ nivāsetvā kāyabandhanaṁ bandhitvā saguṇaṁ katvā saṅghāṭiyo pārupitvā gaṇṭhikaṁ paṭimuñcitvā dhovitvā pattaṁ gahetvā sādhukaṁ ataramānena gāmo pavisitabbo. Suppaṭicchannena antaraghare gantabbaṁ …pe… na khambhakatena antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na oguṇṭhitena antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Na ukkuṭikāya antaraghare gantabbaṁ. Nivesanaṁ pavisantena sallakkhetabbaṁ— ‘iminā pavisissāmi, iminā nikkhamissāmī’ti. Nātisahasā pavisitabbaṁ. Nātisahasā nikkhamitabbaṁ. Nātidūre ṭhātabbaṁ. Nāccāsanne ṭhātabbaṁ. Nāticiraṁ ṭhātabbaṁ. Nātilahuṁ nivattitabbaṁ. Ṭhitakena sallakkhetabbaṁ— ‘bhikkhaṁ dātukāmā vā adātukāmā vā’ti. Sace kammaṁ vā nikkhipati, āsanā vā vuṭṭhāti, kaṭacchuṁ vā parāmasati, bhājanaṁ vā parāmasati, ṭhapeti vā— dātukāmassāti ṭhātabbaṁ. Bhikkhāya diyyamānāya vāmena hatthena saṅghāṭiṁ uccāretvā dakkhiṇena hatthena pattaṁ paṇāmetvā ubhohi hatthehi pattaṁ paṭiggahetvā bhikkhā paṭiggahetabbā. Na ca bhikkhādāyikāya mukhaṁ ulloketabbaṁ. Sallakkhetabbaṁ— ‘sūpaṁ dātukāmā vā adātukāmā vā’ti. Sace kaṭacchuṁ vā parāmasati, bhājanaṁ vā parāmasati, ṭhapeti vā— dātukāmassāti ṭhātabbaṁ. Bhikkhāya dinnāya saṅghāṭiyā pattaṁ paṭicchādetvā sādhukaṁ ataramānena nivattitabbaṁ. Suppaṭicchannena antaraghare gantabbaṁ …pe… na ukkuṭikāya antaraghare gantabbaṁ.

After getting up early in the morning, a monk who is staying in the wilderness should put his bowl in its bag, hang it from his shoulder, put his robe over his shoulders, put on his sandals, put the wooden and ceramic goods in order, close the door and windows, and come down from his dwelling. When he’s about to enter the village, he should remove his sandals, hold them low and knock them together. He should put them in a bag, which he should hang from his shoulder. He should put on his sarong evenly all around, covering the navel and the knees, and he should put on a belt. Putting the upper robes together, overlapping each other edge-to-edge, he should put them on and fasten the toggle. He should rinse his bowl, bring it along, and enter the village carefully and without hurry. He should be well-covered while walking in inhabited areas; he should be well-restrained while walking in inhabited areas; he should lower his eyes while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t lift his robe while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t laugh loudly while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t be noisy while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t sway his body while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t swing his arms while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t sway his head while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t have his hands on his hips while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t cover his head while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t move about while squatting on his heels in inhabited areas. When entering a house, he should be attentive to where to enter and where to leave. He shouldn’t enter or leave too hastily, stand too far away or too close, or wait too long or leave too soon. While waiting, he should be attentive to whether they wish to give alms or not. If they put down their work, get up from their seat, take hold of a serving spoon or a vessel, or they tell him to wait, then he should assume they wish to give, and he should wait. When they give him almsfood, he should lift his upper robe with his left hand, stretch out his bowl with his right hand, and receive the alms while holding the bowl with both hands. He shouldn’t look the donor in the face. He should be attentive to whether they wish to give curry or not. If they take hold of a serving spoon or a vessel, or they tell him to wait, then he should assume they wish to give, and he should wait. When they have given alms, he should cover the bowl with his upper robe, and return carefully and without hurry. He should be well-covered while walking in inhabited areas; he should be well-restrained while walking in inhabited areas; he should lower his eyes while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t lift his robe while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t laugh loudly while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t be noisy while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t sway his body while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t swing his arms while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t sway his head while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t have his hands on his hips while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t cover his head while walking in inhabited areas; he shouldn’t move about while squatting on his heels in inhabited areas.

Gāmato nikkhamitvā pattaṁ thavikāya pakkhipitvā aṁse ālaggetvā cīvaraṁ saṅgharitvā sīse karitvā upāhanā ārohitvā gantabbaṁ. Āraññikena, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā pānīyaṁ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṁ, paribhojanīyaṁ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṁ, aggi upaṭṭhāpetabbo, araṇisahitaṁ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṁ, kattaradaṇḍo upaṭṭhāpetabbo, nakkhattapadāni uggahetabbāni— sakalāni vā ekadesāni vā, disākusalena bhavitabbaṁ. Idaṁ kho, bhikkhave, āraññikānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ vattaṁ yathā āraññikehi bhikkhūhi sammā vattitabban”ti.

When he has left the village, he should put his bowl in its bag and hang it from his shoulder, fold up his robe and put it on his head, and put on his sandals and go. A monk who is staying in the wilderness should set out water for drinking and water for washing, should light a fire and provide fire-making implements, should provide a walking stick, and should learn the constellations— either all of them or a portion—and become skilled in the regions. This is the proper conduct for those staying in the wilderness.”

8. Senāsanavattakathā

Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū ajjhokāse cīvarakammaṁ karonti. Chabbaggiyā bhikkhū paṭivāte aṅgaṇe senāsanaṁ papphoṭesuṁ. Bhikkhū rajena okiriṁsu. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti— “kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū paṭivāte aṅgaṇe senāsanaṁ papphoṭessanti. Bhikkhū rajena okiriṁsū”ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe… “saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhū paṭivāte aṅgaṇe senāsanaṁ papphoṭenti, bhikkhū rajena okiriṁsū”ti? “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti …pe… vigarahitvā …pe… dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi— “Tena hi, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṁ senāsanavattaṁ paññapessāmi yathā bhikkhūhi senāsane sammā vattitabbaṁ.

8. Discussion of the proper conduct in regard to dwellings

On one occasion when a number of monks were making robes outside, the monks from the group of six were beating furniture in an open space upwind from them. The robe-making monks became dusty. The monks of few desires complained and criticized them, “How can the monks from the group of six do this?” They told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks: “Is it true, monks, that the monks from the group of six did this?” “It’s true, sir.” … After rebuking them … the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: “Well then, I’ll lay down the proper conduct in regard to dwellings.

Yasmiṁ vihāre viharati, sace so vihāro uklāpo hoti, sace ussahati, sodhetabbo. Vihāraṁ sodhentena paṭhamaṁ pattacīvaraṁ nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ; nisīdanapaccattharaṇaṁ nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ; bhisibibbohanaṁ nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ; mañco nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṁ, nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbo; pīṭhaṁ nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṁ, nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ; mañcapaṭipādakā nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbā; kheḷamallako nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbo; apassenaphalakaṁ nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ; bhummattharaṇaṁ yathāpaññattaṁ sallakkhetvā nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ. Sace vihāre santānakaṁ hoti, ullokā paṭhamaṁ ohāretabbaṁ, ālokasandhikaṇṇabhāgā pamajjitabbā. Sace gerukaparikammakatā bhitti kaṇṇakitā hoti, coḷakaṁ temetvā pīḷetvā pamajjitabbā. Sace kāḷavaṇṇakatā bhūmi kaṇṇakitā hoti, coḷakaṁ temetvā pīḷetvā pamajjitabbā. Sace akatā hoti bhūmi, udakena paripphositvā paripphositvā sammajjitabbā— mā vihāro rajena uhaññīti. Saṅkāraṁ vicinitvā ekamantaṁ chaḍḍetabbaṁ. Na bhikkhusāmantā senāsanaṁ papphoṭetabbaṁ. Na vihārasāmantā senāsanaṁ papphoṭetabbaṁ. Na pānīyasāmantā senāsanaṁ papphoṭetabbaṁ. Na paribhojanīyasāmantā senāsanaṁ papphoṭetabbaṁ. Na paṭivāte aṅgaṇe senāsanaṁ papphoṭetabbaṁ. Adhovāte senāsanaṁ papphoṭetabbaṁ.

If the dwelling he’s staying in is dirty, a monk should clean it if he’s able. When he’s cleaning the dwelling, he should first take out the bowl and robe and put them aside. He should take out the sitting mat and the sheet and put them aside. He should take out the mattress and the pillow and put them aside. Holding the bed low, he should carefully take it out without scratching it or knocking it against the door or the door frame, and he should put it aside. Holding the bench low, he should carefully take it out without scratching it or knocking it against the door or the door frame, and he should put it aside. He should take out the bed supports and put them aside. He should take out the spittoon and put it aside. He should take out the leaning board and put it aside. After taking note of its position, he should take out the floor cover and put it aside. If the dwelling has cobwebs, he should first remove them from the ceiling cloth, and he should then wipe the windows and the corners of the room. If the walls have been treated with red ocher and they’re moldy, he should moisten a cloth, wring it out, and wipe the walls. If the floor has been treated with a black finish and it’s moldy, he should moisten a cloth, wring it out, and wipe the floor. If the floor is untreated, he should sprinkle it with water and then sweep it, trying to avoid stirring up dust. He should look out for any trash and discard it. He shouldn’t beat the furniture near other monks, near other dwellings, near water for drinking, or near water for washing. He shouldn’t beat the furniture in an open area upwind from these things, but downwind from them.

Bhummattharaṇaṁ ekamantaṁ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṁ paññapetabbaṁ. Mañcapaṭipādakā ekamantaṁ otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbā. Mañco ekamantaṁ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṁ, atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṁ paññapetabbo. Pīṭhaṁ ekamantaṁ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṁ, atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṁ paññapetabbaṁ. Bhisibibbohanaṁ ekamantaṁ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṁ paññapetabbaṁ. Nisīdanapaccattharaṇaṁ ekamantaṁ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṁ paññapetabbaṁ. Kheḷamallako ekamantaṁ otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbo. Apassenaphalakaṁ ekamantaṁ otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbaṁ. Pattacīvaraṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ. Pattaṁ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena pattaṁ gahetvā ekena hatthena heṭṭhāmañcaṁ vā heṭṭhāpīṭhaṁ vā parāmasitvā patto nikkhipitabbo. Na ca anantarahitāya bhūmiyā patto nikkhipitabbo. Cīvaraṁ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena cīvaraṁ gahetvā ekena hatthena cīvaravaṁsaṁ vā cīvararajjuṁ vā pamajjitvā pārato antaṁ orato bhogaṁ katvā cīvaraṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ.

He should sun the floor cover, clean it, beat it, bring it back inside, and put it back as before. He should sun the bed supports, wipe them, bring them back inside, and put them back where they were. He should sun the bed, clean it, and beat it. Holding it low, he should carefully bring it back inside without scratching it or knocking it against the door or the door frame, and he should put it back as before. He should sun the bench, clean it, and beat it. Holding it low, he should carefully bring it back inside without scratching it or knocking it against the door or the door frame, and he should put it back as before. He should sun the mattress and the pillow, clean them, beat them, bring them back inside, and put them back as before. He should sun the sitting mat and the sheet, clean them, beat them, bring them back inside, and put them back as before. He should sun the spittoon, wipe it, bring it back inside, and put it back where it was. He should sun the leaning board, wipe it, bring it back inside, and put it back where it was. He should put away the bowl and robe. When putting away the bowl, he should hold the bowl in one hand, feel under the bed or the bench with the other, and then put it away. He shouldn’t put the bowl away on the bare floor. When putting away the robe, he should hold the robe in one hand, wipe the bamboo robe rack or the clothesline with the other, and then put it away by folding the robe over it, making the ends face the wall and the fold face out.

Sace puratthimā sarajā vātā vāyanti, puratthimā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace pacchimā sarajā vātā vāyanti, pacchimā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace uttarā sarajā vātā vāyanti uttarā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace dakkhiṇā sarajā vātā vāyanti, dakkhiṇā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace sītakālo hoti, divā vātapānā vivaritabbā, rattiṁ thaketabbā. Sace uṇhakālo hoti, divā vātapānā thaketabbā, rattiṁ vivaritabbā. Sace pariveṇaṁ uklāpaṁ hoti, pariveṇaṁ sammajjitabbaṁ. Sace koṭṭhako uklāpo hoti, koṭṭhako sammajjitabbo. Sace upaṭṭhānasālā uklāpā hoti, upaṭṭhānasālā sammajjitabbā. Sace aggisālā uklāpā hoti, aggisālā sammajjitabbā. Sace vaccakuṭi uklāpā hoti, vaccakuṭi sammajjitabbā. Sace pānīyaṁ na hoti, pānīyaṁ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṁ. Sace paribhojanīyaṁ na hoti, paribhojanīyaṁ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṁ. Sace ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṁ na hoti, ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṁ āsiñcitabbaṁ. Sace vuḍḍhena saddhiṁ ekavihāre viharati, na vuḍḍhaṁ anāpucchā uddeso dātabbo, na paripucchā dātabbā, na sajjhāyo kātabbo, na dhammo bhāsitabbo, na padīpo kātabbo, na padīpo vijjhāpetabbo, na vātapānā vivaritabbā, na vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace vuḍḍhena saddhiṁ ekacaṅkame caṅkamati, yena vuḍḍho tena parivattitabbaṁ, na ca vuḍḍho saṅghāṭikaṇṇena ghaṭṭetabbo. Idaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṁ senāsanavattaṁ yathā bhikkhūhi senāsane sammā vattitabban”ti.

If dusty winds are blowing from the east, he should close the windows on the eastern side. If dusty winds are blowing from the west, he should close the windows on the western side. If dusty winds are blowing from the north, he should close the windows on the northern side. If dusty winds are blowing from the south, he should close the windows on the southern side. If the weather is cold, he should open the windows during the day and close them at night. If the weather is hot, he should close the windows during the day and open them at night. If the yard is dirty, he should sweep it. If the gatehouse is dirty, he should sweep it. If the assembly hall is dirty, he should sweep it. If the water-boiling shed is dirty, he should sweep it. If the restroom is dirty, he should sweep it. If there’s no water for drinking, he should get some. If there’s no water for washing, he should get some. If there’s no water in the restroom ablutions pot, he should fill it. If he’s staying in the same dwelling as a more senior monk, he shouldn’t do any of the following without asking him for permission: recite, question, rehearse, teach, turn a lamp on or off, or open or close a window. If he’s doing walking meditation on the same walking path as a more senior monk, they should turn around according to seniority, but he shouldn’t touch the senior monk with the corner of his robe. This is the proper conduct in regard to dwellings.”

9. Jantāgharavattakathā

Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū jantāghare therehi bhikkhūhi nivāriyamānā anādariyaṁ paṭicca pahūtaṁ kaṭṭhaṁ āropetvā aggiṁ datvā dvāraṁ thaketvā dvāre nisīdanti. Bhikkhū uṇhābhitattā dvāraṁ alabhamānā mucchitā papatanti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti— “kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū jantāghare therehi bhikkhūhi nivāriyamānā anādariyaṁ paṭicca pahūtaṁ kaṭṭhaṁ āropetvā aggiṁ datvā dvāraṁ thaketvā dvāre nisīdissanti. Bhikkhū uṇhābhitattā dvāraṁ alabhamānā mucchitā papatantī”ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe… “saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhū jantāghare therehi bhikkhūhi nivāriyamānā anādariyaṁ paṭicca pahūtaṁ kaṭṭhaṁ āropetvā aggiṁ datvā dvāraṁ thaketvā dvāre nisīdanti; bhikkhū uṇhābhitattā dvāraṁ alabhamānā mucchitā papatantī”ti? “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti …pe… vigarahitvā …pe… dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi— “na, bhikkhave, jantāghare therena bhikkhunā nivāriyamānena anādariyaṁ paṭicca pahūtaṁ kaṭṭhaṁ āropetvā aggi dātabbo. Yo dadeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Na, bhikkhave, dvāraṁ thaketvā dvāre nisīditabbaṁ. Yo nisīdeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

9. Discussion of the proper conduct in regard to saunas

On one occasion the monks from the group of six were kept out of the sauna by the senior monks. Then, out of disrespect, they stacked up much firewood, lit it, closed the door, and sat down against it. The monks overheated, but being unable to open the door, they fainted and collapsed. The monks of few desires complained and criticized them, “How can the monks from the group of six do this?” They told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks: “Is it true, monks, that the monks from the group of six did this?” “It’s true, sir.” … After rebuking them … the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: “If you’re kept out of the sauna by senior monks, you shouldn’t, out of disrespect, stack up much firewood and light it. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct. And you shouldn’t close the door and sit down against it. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct.

Tena hi, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṁ jantāgharavattaṁ paññapessāmi yathā bhikkhūhi jantāghare sammā vattitabbaṁ. Yo paṭhamaṁ jantāgharaṁ gacchati, sace chārikā ussannā hoti, chārikā chaḍḍetabbā. Sace jantāgharaṁ uklāpaṁ hoti, jantāgharaṁ sammajjitabbaṁ. Sace paribhaṇḍaṁ uklāpaṁ hoti, paribhaṇḍaṁ sammajjitabbaṁ. Sace pariveṇaṁ uklāpaṁ hoti, pariveṇaṁ sammajjitabbaṁ. Sace koṭṭhako uklāpo hoti, koṭṭhako sammajjitabbo. Sace jantāgharasālā uklāpā hoti, jantāgharasālā sammajjitabbā. Cuṇṇaṁ sannetabbaṁ, mattikā temetabbā, udakadoṇikāya udakaṁ āsiñcitabbaṁ. Jantāgharaṁ pavisantena mattikāya mukhaṁ makkhetvā purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharaṁ pavisitabbaṁ. Na there bhikkhū anupakhajja nisīditabbaṁ. Na navā bhikkhū āsanena paṭibāhitabbā. Sace ussahati, jantāghare therānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ parikammaṁ kātabbaṁ. Jantāgharā nikkhamantena jantāgharapīṭhaṁ ādāya purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharā nikkhamitabbaṁ. Sace ussahati, udakepi therānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ parikammaṁ kātabbaṁ. Na therānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ puratopi nahāyitabbaṁ, na uparitopi nahāyitabbaṁ. Nahātena uttarantena otarantānaṁ maggo dātabbo. Yo pacchā jantāgharā nikkhamati, sace jantāgharaṁ cikkhallaṁ hoti, dhovitabbaṁ. Mattikādoṇikaṁ dhovitvā jantāgharapīṭhaṁ paṭisāmetvā aggiṁ vijjhāpetvā dvāraṁ thaketvā pakkamitabbaṁ. Idaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṁ jantāgharavattaṁ yathā bhikkhūhi jantāghare sammā vattitabban”ti.

Well then, I’ll lay down the proper conduct in regard to saunas. The monk who goes first to the sauna should discard any ashes that are building up. If the sauna is dirty, he should sweep it. If the area surrounding the sauna is dirty, he should sweep it. If the yard is dirty, he should sweep it. If the gatehouse is dirty, he should sweep it. If the sauna shed is dirty, he should sweep it. He should knead bath powder, moisten the clay, and fill the water trough with water. When entering the sauna, he should smear his face with clay, cover himself front and back, and then enter. He shouldn’t sit encroaching on the senior monks, or block the junior monks from getting a seat. If he’s able, he should provide assistance to the senior monks in the sauna. When leaving the sauna, he should take the sauna bench, cover himself front and back, and then leave. If he’s able, he should also provide assistance to the senior monks in the water. He shouldn’t bathe in front of the senior monks or upstream from them. When he’s coming out of the water after bathing, he should give way to those who are entering the water. If the sauna is muddy, the last monk to leave it should clean it. He should wash the clay trough, put away the sauna bench, extinguish the fire, close the door, and then leave. This is the proper conduct in regard to saunas.”

10. Vaccakuṭivattakathā

Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu brāhmaṇajātiko vaccaṁ katvā na icchati ācametuṁ— “ko imaṁ vasalaṁ duggandhaṁ āmasissatī”ti. Tassa vaccamagge kimi saṇṭhāti. Atha kho so bhikkhu bhikkhūnaṁ etamatthaṁ ārocesi. “Kiṁ pana tvaṁ, āvuso, vaccaṁ katvā na ācamesī”ti? “Evamāvuso”ti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti— “kathañhi nāma bhikkhu vaccaṁ katvā na ācamessatī”ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe… “saccaṁ kira tvaṁ, bhikkhu, vaccaṁ katvā na ācamesī”ti? “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti …pe… vigarahitvā …pe… dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi— “na, bhikkhave, vaccaṁ katvā sati udake nācametabbaṁ. Yo nācameyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā”ti.

10. Discussion of the proper conduct in regard to restrooms

At that time a monk who had been born as a brahmin did not want to wash after defecating, thinking, “Who would touch this foul, stinking stuff?” As a result, a worm settled in his rectum. He told the monks, who said, “So you don’t wash after defecating?” “That’s right.” The monks of few desires complained and criticized him, “How can a monk not wash after defecating?” They told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks: “Is it true, monk, that you don’t wash after defecating?” “It’s true, sir.” … After rebuking them … the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: “When there’s water available, you should wash after defecating. If you don’t, you commit an offense of wrong conduct.”

Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū vaccakuṭiyā yathāvuḍḍhaṁ vaccaṁ karonti. Navakā bhikkhū paṭhamataraṁ āgantvā vaccitā āgamenti. Te vaccaṁ sandhārentā mucchitā papatanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe… “saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave …pe… “saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti …pe… “na, bhikkhave, vaccakuṭiyā yathāvuḍḍhaṁ vacco kātabbo. Yo kareyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āgatapaṭipāṭiyā vaccaṁ kātun”ti.

At that time the monks used the restrooms according to seniority. Junior monks who had arrived first had to wait to defecate. Unable to hold out, they fainted and collapsed. They told the Buddha. … “Is it true, monks, that this is happening?” “It’s true, sir.” … “The restrooms shouldn’t be used according to seniority. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct. You should use the restroom according to the order of arrival.”

Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū atisahasāpi vaccakuṭiṁ pavisanti, ubbhajitvāpi pavisanti, nitthunantāpi vaccaṁ karonti, dantakaṭṭhaṁ khādantāpi vaccaṁ karonti, bahiddhāpi vaccadoṇikāya vaccaṁ karonti, bahiddhāpi passāvadoṇikāya passāvaṁ karonti, passāvadoṇikāyapi kheḷaṁ karonti, pharusenapi kaṭṭhena avalekhanti, avalekhanakaṭṭhampi vaccakūpamhi pātenti, atisahasāpi nikkhamanti, ubbhajitvāpi nikkhamanti, capucapukārakampi ācamenti, ācamanasarāvakepi udakaṁ sesenti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti— “kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū atisahasāpi vaccakuṭiṁ pavisissanti, ubbhajitvāpi pavisissanti, nitthunantāpi vaccaṁ karissanti, dantakaṭṭhaṁ khādantāpi vaccaṁ karissanti, bahiddhāpi vaccadoṇikāya vaccaṁ karissanti, bahiddhāpi passāvadoṇikāya passāvaṁ karissanti, passāvadoṇikāyapi kheḷaṁ karissanti, pharusenapi kaṭṭhena avalekhissanti, avalekhanakaṭṭhampi vaccakūpamhi pātessanti, atisahasāpi nikkhamissanti, ubbhajitvāpi nikkhamissanti, capucapukārakampi ācamessanti, ācamanasarāvakepi udakaṁ sesessantī”ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe… “saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave …pe… “saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti …pe… vigarahitvā …pe… dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi— “Tena hi, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṁ vaccakuṭivattaṁ paññapessāmi yathā bhikkhūhi vaccakuṭiyā sammā vattitabbaṁ.

At that time the monks from the group of six entered the restrooms too hastily, pulled up their robes before entering, groaned while defecating, cleaned their teeth while defecating, defecated outside the toilet, urinated outside the urinal, spat in the urinal, used coarse wiping sticks, threw the wiping sticks in the cesspit, left the restroom too hastily, came out with their robes still pulled up, made a chomping sound while washing, and they left water in the ablutions scoop. The monks of few desires complained and criticized them, “How can the monks from the group of six act like this?” They told the Buddha. … “Is it true, monks, that the monks from the group of six are acting like this?” “It’s true, sir.” … After rebuking them … the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: “Well then, I’ll lay down the proper conduct in regard to restrooms.

Yo vaccakuṭiṁ gacchati tena bahi ṭhitena ukkāsitabbaṁ. Anto nisinnenapi ukkāsitabbaṁ. Cīvaravaṁse vā cīvararajjuyā vā cīvaraṁ nikkhipitvā sādhukaṁ ataramānena vaccakuṭi pavisitabbā. Nātisahasā pavisitabbā. Na ubbhajitvā pavisitabbā. Vaccapādukāya ṭhitena ubbhajitabbaṁ. Na nitthunantena vacco kātabbo. Na dantakaṭṭhaṁ khādantena vacco kātabbo. Na bahiddhā vaccadoṇikāya vacco kātabbo. Na bahiddhā passāvadoṇikāya passāvo kātabbo. Na passāvadoṇikāya kheḷo kātabbo. Na pharusena kaṭṭhena avalekhitabbaṁ. Na avalekhanakaṭṭhaṁ vaccakūpamhi pātetabbaṁ. Vaccapādukāya ṭhitena paṭicchādetabbaṁ. Nātisahasā nikkhamitabbaṁ. Na ubbhajitvā nikkhamitabbaṁ. Ācamanapādukāya ṭhitena ubbhajitabbaṁ. Na capucapukārakaṁ ācametabbaṁ. Na ācamanasarāvake udakaṁ sesetabbaṁ. Ācamanapādukāya ṭhitena paṭicchādetabbaṁ. Sace vaccakuṭi uhatā hoti, dhovitabbā. Sace avalekhanapidharo pūro hoti, avalekhanakaṭṭhaṁ chaḍḍetabbaṁ. Sace vaccakuṭi uklāpā hoti, vaccakuṭi sammajjitabbā. Sace paribhaṇḍaṁ uklāpaṁ hoti, paribhaṇḍaṁ sammajjitabbaṁ. Sace pariveṇaṁ uklāpaṁ hoti, pariveṇaṁ sammajjitabbaṁ. Sace koṭṭhako uklāpo hoti, koṭṭhako sammajjitabbo. Sace ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṁ na hoti, ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṁ āsiñcitabbaṁ. Idaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhūnaṁ vaccakuṭivattaṁ yathā bhikkhūhi vaccakuṭiyā sammā vattitabban”ti.

When a monk goes to the restroom, he should stand outside and clear his throat. Anyone sitting inside should also clear his throat. After hanging his robe on a bamboo robe rack or a clothesline, he should enter the restroom carefully and without hurry. He shouldn’t enter the restroom too hastily; he shouldn’t pull up his robe before he has entered; he should pull up his robe when he’s standing on the foot stands for defecating; he shouldn’t groan while defecating; he shouldn’t clean his teeth while defecating; he shouldn’t defecate outside the toilet; he shouldn’t urinate outside the urinal; he shouldn’t spit in the urinal; he shouldn’t use coarse wiping sticks; he shouldn’t throw the wiping sticks in the cesspit; he should cover himself while still standing on the foot stands for defecating; he shouldn’t leave the restroom too hastily; he shouldn’t come out with his robe still pulled up; he should pull up his robe when standing on the ablutions foot stands; he shouldn’t make a chomping sound while washing; he shouldn’t leave water in the ablutions scoop; he should cover himself while still standing on the ablutions foot stands. If the restroom is dirty, he should clean it. If the wiping-stick container is full, he should discard the wiping sticks. If the restroom is dirty, he should sweep it. If the area surrounding the restroom is dirty, he should sweep it. If the yard is dirty, he should sweep it. If the gatehouse is dirty, he should sweep it. If there’s no water in the restroom ablutions pot, he should fill it. This is the proper conduct in regard to restrooms.”

11. Upajjhāyavattakathā

Tena kho pana samayena saddhivihārikā upajjhāyesu na sammā vattanti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti— “kathañhi nāma saddhivihārikā upajjhāyesu na sammā vattissantī”ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe… “saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, saddhivihārikā upajjhāyesu na sammā vattantī”ti? “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, saddhivihārikā upajjhāyesu na sammā vattissanti. Netaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe… vigarahitvā …pe… dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi— “Tena hi, bhikkhave, saddhivihārikānaṁ upajjhāyesu vattaṁ paññapessāmi yathā saddhivihārikehi upajjhāyesu sammā vattitabbaṁ.

11. Discussion of the proper conduct toward a preceptor

At that time the students were not conducting themselves properly toward their preceptors. The monks of few desires complained and criticized them, “How can the students not conduct themselves properly toward their preceptors?” They told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks: “Is it true, monks, that the students are not conducting themselves properly toward their preceptors?” “It’s true, sir.” … The Buddha rebuked them … “How can they act like this? This will affect people’s confidence …” After rebuking them … the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: “Well then, I’ll lay down the proper conduct for a student toward his preceptor.

Saddhivihārikena, bhikkhave, upajjhāyamhi sammā vattitabbaṁ. Tatrāyaṁ sammāvattanā—

A student should conduct himself properly toward his preceptor. This is the proper conduct:

Kālasseva uṭṭhāya upāhanā omuñcitvā ekaṁsaṁ uttarāsaṅgaṁ karitvā dantakaṭṭhaṁ dātabbaṁ, mukhodakaṁ dātabbaṁ, āsanaṁ paññapetabbaṁ.

Meals and almsround

Having gotten up at the appropriate time, the student should remove his sandals and arrange his upper robe over one shoulder. He should then give his preceptor a tooth cleaner and water for rinsing the mouth, and he should prepare a seat for him.

Sace yāgu hoti, bhājanaṁ dhovitvā yāgu upanāmetabbā. Yāguṁ pītassa udakaṁ datvā bhājanaṁ paṭiggahetvā nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena dhovitvā paṭisāmetabbaṁ. Upajjhāyamhi vuṭṭhite āsanaṁ uddharitabbaṁ. Sace so deso uklāpo hoti, so deso sammajjitabbo.

If there’s congee, he should rinse a vessel and bring the congee to his preceptor. When he has drunk the congee, the student should give him water and receive the vessel. Holding it low, he should wash it carefully without scratching it and then put it away. When the preceptor has gotten up, the student should put away the seat. If the place is dirty, he should sweep it.

Sace upajjhāyo gāmaṁ pavisitukāmo hoti, nivāsanaṁ dātabbaṁ, paṭinivāsanaṁ paṭiggahetabbaṁ, kāyabandhanaṁ dātabbaṁ, saguṇaṁ katvā saṅghāṭiyo dātabbā, dhovitvā patto sodako dātabbo. Sace upajjhāyo pacchāsamaṇaṁ ākaṅkhati, timaṇḍalaṁ paṭicchādentena parimaṇḍalaṁ nivāsetvā kāyabandhanaṁ bandhitvā saguṇaṁ katvā saṅghāṭiyo pārupitvā gaṇṭhikaṁ paṭimuñcitvā dhovitvā pattaṁ gahetvā upajjhāyassa pacchāsamaṇena hotabbaṁ. Nātidūre gantabbaṁ, nāccāsanne gantabbaṁ, pattapariyāpannaṁ paṭiggahetabbaṁ.

If the preceptor wants to enter the village, the student should give him a sarong and receive the one he’s wearing in return. He should give him a belt. He should put the upper robes together, overlapping each other edge-to-edge, and then give them to him. He should rinse his preceptor’s bowl and give it to him while wet. If the preceptor wants an attendant, the student should put on his sarong evenly all around, covering the navel and the knees. He should put on a belt. Putting the upper robes together, overlapping each other edge-to-edge, he should put them on and fasten the toggle. He should rinse his bowl, bring it along, and be his preceptor’s attendant. He shouldn’t walk too far behind his preceptor or too close to him. He should receive the contents of his bowl.

Na upajjhāyassa bhaṇamānassa antarantarā kathā opātetabbā. Upajjhāyo āpattisāmantā bhaṇamāno nivāretabbo. Nivattantena paṭhamataraṁ āgantvā āsanaṁ paññapetabbaṁ, pādodakaṁ pādapīṭhaṁ pādakathalikaṁ upanikkhipitabbaṁ, paccuggantvā pattacīvaraṁ paṭiggahetabbaṁ, paṭinivāsanaṁ dātabbaṁ, nivāsanaṁ paṭiggahetabbaṁ. Sace cīvaraṁ sinnaṁ hoti, muhuttaṁ uṇhe otāpetabbaṁ, na ca uṇhe cīvaraṁ nidahitabbaṁ. Cīvaraṁ saṅgharitabbaṁ. Cīvaraṁ saṅgharantena caturaṅgulaṁ kaṇṇaṁ ussāretvā cīvaraṁ saṅgharitabbaṁ— mā majjhe bhaṅgo ahosīti. Obhoge kāyabandhanaṁ kātabbaṁ. Sace piṇḍapāto hoti, upajjhāyo ca bhuñjitukāmo hoti, udakaṁ datvā piṇḍapāto upanāmetabbo.

He shouldn’t interrupt his preceptor when he’s speaking. But if the preceptor’s speech is bordering on an offense, he should stop him. When returning, the student should go first to prepare a seat and to set out a foot stool, a foot scraper, and water for washing the feet. He should go out to meet the preceptor and receive his bowl and robe. He should give him a sarong and receive the one he’s wearing in return. If the robe is damp, he should sun it for a short while, but shouldn’t leave it in the heat. He should fold the robe, offsetting the edges by seven centimeters, so that the fold doesn’t become worn. He should place the belt in the fold. If there’s almsfood and his preceptor wants to eat, the student should give him water and then the almsfood.

Upajjhāyo pānīyena pucchitabbo. Bhuttāvissa udakaṁ datvā pattaṁ paṭiggahetvā nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena dhovitvā vodakaṁ katvā muhuttaṁ uṇhe otāpetabbo. Na ca uṇhe patto nidahitabbo. Pattacīvaraṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ. Pattaṁ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena pattaṁ gahetvā ekena hatthena heṭṭhāmañcaṁ vā heṭṭhāpīṭhaṁ vā parāmasitvā patto nikkhipitabbo. Na ca anantarahitāya bhūmiyā patto nikkhipitabbo. Cīvaraṁ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena cīvaraṁ gahetvā ekena hatthena cīvaravaṁsaṁ vā cīvararajjuṁ vā pamajjitvā pārato antaṁ orato bhogaṁ katvā cīvaraṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ. Upajjhāyamhi vuṭṭhite āsanaṁ uddharitabbaṁ, pādodakaṁ pādapīṭhaṁ pādakathalikaṁ paṭisāmetabbaṁ. Sace so deso uklāpo hoti, so deso sammajjitabbo.

He should ask his preceptor if he wants water to drink. When the preceptor has eaten, the student should give him water and receive his bowl. Holding it low, he should wash it carefully without scratching it. He should then dry it and sun it for a short while, but shouldn’t leave it in the heat. The student should put away the robe and bowl. When putting away the bowl, he should hold the bowl in one hand, feel under the bed or the bench with the other, and then put it away. He shouldn’t put the bowl away on the bare floor. When putting away the robe, he should hold the robe in one hand, wipe the bamboo robe rack or the clothesline with the other, and then put it away by folding the robe over it, making the ends face the wall and the fold face out. When the preceptor has gotten up, the student should put away the seat and also the foot stool, the foot scraper, and the water for washing the feet. If the place is dirty, he should sweep it.”

Sace upajjhāyo nahāyitukāmo hoti, nahānaṁ paṭiyādetabbaṁ. Sace sītena attho hoti, sītaṁ paṭiyādetabbaṁ. Sace uṇhena attho hoti, uṇhaṁ paṭiyādetabbaṁ. Sace upajjhāyo jantāgharaṁ pavisitukāmo hoti, cuṇṇaṁ sannetabbaṁ, mattikā temetabbā, jantāgharapīṭhaṁ ādāya upajjhāyassa piṭṭhito piṭṭhito gantvā jantāgharapīṭhaṁ datvā cīvaraṁ paṭiggahetvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ, cuṇṇaṁ dātabbaṁ, mattikā dātabbā. Sace ussahati, jantāgharaṁ pavisitabbaṁ. Jantāgharaṁ pavisantena mattikāya mukhaṁ makkhetvā purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharaṁ pavisitabbaṁ.

Bathing

“If the preceptor wants to bathe, the student should prepare a bath. If he wants a cold bath, he should prepare that; if he wants a hot bath, he should prepare that. If the preceptor wants to take a sauna, the student should knead bath powder, moisten the clay, take a sauna bench, and follow behind his preceptor. After giving his preceptor the sauna bench, receiving his robe, and putting it aside, he should give him the bath powder and the clay. If he’s able, he should enter the sauna. When entering the sauna, he should smear his face with clay, cover himself front and back, and then enter.

Na there bhikkhū anupakhajja nisīditabbaṁ. Na navā bhikkhū āsanena paṭibāhitabbā. Jantāghare upajjhāyassa parikammaṁ kātabbaṁ. Jantāgharā nikkhamantena jantāgharapīṭhaṁ ādāya purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharā nikkhamitabbaṁ. Udakepi upajjhāyassa parikammaṁ kātabbaṁ. Nahātena paṭhamataraṁ uttaritvā attano gattaṁ vodakaṁ katvā nivāsetvā upajjhāyassa gattato udakaṁ pamajjitabbaṁ, nivāsanaṁ dātabbaṁ, saṅghāṭi dātabbā, jantāgharapīṭhaṁ ādāya paṭhamataraṁ āgantvā āsanaṁ paññapetabbaṁ, pādodakaṁ pādapīṭhaṁ pādakathalikaṁ upanikkhipitabbaṁ. Upajjhāyo pānīyena pucchitabbo.

He shouldn’t sit encroaching on the senior monks, or block the junior monks from getting a seat. While in the sauna, he should provide assistance to his preceptor. When leaving the sauna, he should take the sauna bench, cover himself front and back, and then leave. He should also provide assistance to his preceptor in the water. When he has bathed, he should be the first to come out. He should dry himself and put on his sarong. He should then wipe the water off his preceptor’s body, and he should give him his sarong and then his upper robe. Taking the sauna bench, he should be the first to return. He should prepare a seat, and also set out a foot stool, a foot scraper, and water for washing the feet. He should ask his preceptor if he wants water to drink.

Sace uddisāpetukāmo hoti, uddisitabbo. Sace paripucchitukāmo hoti, paripucchitabbo.

If the preceptor wants him to recite, he should do so. If the preceptor wants to question him, he should be questioned.”

Yasmiṁ vihāre upajjhāyo viharati, sace so vihāro uklāpo hoti, sace ussahati, sodhetabbo.

The dwelling

“If the dwelling where the preceptor is staying is dirty, the student should clean it if he’s able.

Vihāraṁ sodhentena paṭhamaṁ pattacīvaraṁ nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ; nisīdanapaccattharaṇaṁ nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ; bhisibibbohanaṁ nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ;

When he’s cleaning the dwelling, he should first take out the bowl and robe and put them aside. He should take out the sitting mat and the sheet and put them aside. He should take out the mattress and the pillow and put them aside.

mañco nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṁ, nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbo; pīṭhaṁ nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṁ, nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ; mañcapaṭipādakā nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbā; kheḷamallako nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbo; apassenaphalakaṁ nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ; bhūmattharaṇaṁ yathāpaññattaṁ sallakkhetvā nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ. Sace vihāre santānakaṁ hoti, ullokā paṭhamaṁ ohāretabbaṁ, ālokasandhikaṇṇabhāgā pamajjitabbā. Sace gerukaparikammakatā bhitti kaṇṇakitā hoti, coḷakaṁ temetvā pīḷetvā pamajjitabbā. Sace kāḷavaṇṇakatā bhūmi kaṇṇakitā hoti, coḷakaṁ temetvā pīḷetvā pamajjitabbā. Sace akatā hoti bhūmi, udakena paripphositvā paripphositvā sammajjitabbā— mā vihāro rajena uhaññīti. Saṅkāraṁ vicinitvā ekamantaṁ chaḍḍetabbaṁ.

Holding the bed low, he should carefully take it out without scratching it or knocking it against the door or the door frame, and he should put it aside. Holding the bench low, he should carefully take it out without scratching it or knocking it against the door or the door frame, and he should put it aside. He should take out the bed supports and put them aside. He should take out the spittoon and put it aside. He should take out the leaning board and put it aside. After taking note of its position, he should take out the floor cover and put it aside. If the dwelling has cobwebs, he should first remove them from the ceiling cloth, and he should then wipe the windows and the corners of the room. If the walls have been treated with red ocher and they’re moldy, he should moisten a cloth, wring it out, and wipe the walls. If the floor has been treated with a black finish and it’s moldy, he should moisten a cloth, wring it out, and wipe the floor. If the floor is untreated, he should sprinkle it with water and then sweep it, trying to avoid stirring up dust. He should look out for any trash and discard it.

Bhūmattharaṇaṁ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṁ paññapetabbaṁ. Mañcapaṭipādakā otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbā. Mañco otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṁ, atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṁ paññapetabbo. Pīṭhaṁ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṁ, atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṁ paññapetabbaṁ. Bhisibibbohanaṁ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṁ paññapetabbaṁ. Nisīdanapaccattharaṇaṁ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṁ paññapetabbaṁ. Kheḷamallako otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbo. Apassenaphalakaṁ otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbaṁ.

He should sun the floor cover, clean it, beat it, bring it back inside, and put it back as before. He should sun the bed supports, wipe them, bring them back inside, and put them back where they were. He should sun the bed, clean it, and beat it. Holding it low, he should carefully bring it back inside without scratching it or knocking it against the door or the door frame, and he should put it back as before. He should sun the bench, clean it, and beat it. Holding it low, he should carefully bring it back inside without scratching it or knocking it against the door or the door frame, and he should put it back as before. He should sun the mattress and the pillow, clean them, beat them, bring them back inside, and put them back as before. He should sun the sitting mat and the sheet, clean them, beat them, bring them back inside, and put them back as before. He should sun the spittoon, wipe it, bring it back inside, and put it back where it was. He should sun the leaning board, wipe it, bring it back inside, and put it back where it was.

Pattacīvaraṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ. Pattaṁ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena pattaṁ gahetvā ekena hatthena heṭṭhāmañcaṁ vā heṭṭhāpīṭhaṁ vā parāmasitvā patto nikkhipitabbo. Na ca anantarahitāya bhūmiyā patto nikkhipitabbo. Cīvaraṁ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena cīvaraṁ gahetvā ekena hatthena cīvaravaṁsaṁ vā cīvararajjuṁ vā pamajjitvā pārato antaṁ orato bhogaṁ katvā cīvaraṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ.

He should put away the bowl and robe. When putting away the bowl, he should hold the bowl in one hand, feel under the bed or the bench with the other, and then put it away. He shouldn’t put the bowl away on the bare floor. When putting away the robe, he should hold the robe in one hand, wipe the bamboo robe rack or the clothesline with the other, and then put it away by folding the robe over it, making the ends face the wall and the fold face out.

Sace puratthimā sarajā vātā vāyanti, puratthimā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace pacchimā sarajā vātā vāyanti, pacchimā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace uttarā sarajā vātā vāyanti, uttarā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace dakkhiṇā sarajā vātā vāyanti, dakkhiṇā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace sītakālo hoti, divā vātapānā vivaritabbā, rattiṁ thaketabbā. Sace uṇhakālo hoti, divā vātapānā thaketabbā, rattiṁ vivaritabbā.

If dusty winds are blowing from the east, he should close the windows on the eastern side. If dusty winds are blowing from the west, he should close the windows on the western side. If dusty winds are blowing from the north, he should close the windows on the northern side. If dusty winds are blowing from the south, he should close the windows on the southern side. If the weather is cold, he should open the windows during the day and close them at night. If the weather is hot, he should close the windows during the day and open them at night.

Sace pariveṇaṁ uklāpaṁ hoti, pariveṇaṁ sammajjitabbaṁ. Sace koṭṭhako uklāpo hoti, koṭṭhako sammajjitabbo. Sace upaṭṭhānasālā uklāpā hoti, upaṭṭhānasālā sammajjitabbā. Sace aggisālā uklāpā hoti, aggisālā sammajjitabbā. Sace vaccakuṭi uklāpā hoti, vaccakuṭi sammajjitabbā. Sace pānīyaṁ na hoti, pānīyaṁ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṁ. Sace paribhojanīyaṁ na hoti, paribhojanīyaṁ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṁ. Sace ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṁ na hoti, ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṁ āsiñcitabbaṁ.

If the yard is dirty, he should sweep it. If the gatehouse is dirty, he should sweep it. If the assembly hall is dirty, he should sweep it. If the water-boiling shed is dirty, he should sweep it. If the restroom is dirty, he should sweep it. If there’s no water for drinking, he should get some. If there’s no water for washing, he should get some. If there’s no water in the restroom ablutions pot, he should fill it.”

Sace upajjhāyassa anabhirati uppannā hoti, saddhivihārikena vūpakāsetabbo, vūpakāsāpetabbo, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā. Sace upajjhāyassa kukkuccaṁ uppannaṁ hoti, saddhivihārikena vinodetabbaṁ, vinodāpetabbaṁ, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā. Sace upajjhāyassa diṭṭhigataṁ uppannaṁ hoti, saddhivihārikena vivecetabbaṁ, vivecāpetabbaṁ, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā.

Spiritual support, etc.

“If the preceptor becomes discontent with the spiritual life, the student should send him away or have him sent away, or he should give him a teaching. If the preceptor becomes anxious, the student should dispel it or have it dispelled, or he should give him a teaching. If the preceptor has wrong view, the student should make him give it up or have someone else do it, or he should give him a teaching.

Sace upajjhāyo garudhammaṁ ajjhāpanno hoti parivāsāraho, saddhivihārikena ussukkaṁ kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho saṅgho upajjhāyassa parivāsaṁ dadeyyāti. Sace upajjhāyo mūlāyapaṭikassanāraho hoti, saddhivihārikena ussukkaṁ kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho saṅgho upajjhāyaṁ mūlāya paṭikasseyyāti. Sace upajjhāyo mānattāraho hoti, saddhivihārikena ussukkaṁ kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho saṅgho upajjhāyassa mānattaṁ dadeyyāti. Sace upajjhāyo abbhānāraho hoti, saddhivihārikena ussukkaṁ kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho saṅgho upajjhāyaṁ abbheyyāti.

If the preceptor has committed a heavy offense and deserves probation, the student should try to get the Sangha to give it to him. If the preceptor has committed a heavy offense and deserves to be sent back to the beginning, the student should try to get the Sangha to do it. If the preceptor has committed a heavy offense and deserves the trial period, the student should try to get the Sangha to give it to him. If the preceptor has committed a heavy offense and deserves rehabilitation, the student should try to get the Sangha to give it to him.

Sace saṅgho upajjhāyassa kammaṁ kattukāmo hoti, tajjanīyaṁ vā niyassaṁ vā pabbājanīyaṁ vā paṭisāraṇīyaṁ vā ukkhepanīyaṁ vā, saddhivihārikena ussukkaṁ kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho saṅgho upajjhāyassa kammaṁ na kareyya, lahukāya vā pariṇāmeyyāti. Kataṁ vā panassa hoti saṅghena kammaṁ, tajjanīyaṁ vā niyassaṁ vā pabbājanīyaṁ vā paṭisāraṇīyaṁ vā ukkhepanīyaṁ vā, saddhivihārikena ussukkaṁ kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho upajjhāyo sammā vatteyya, lomaṁ pāteyya, netthāraṁ vatteyya, saṅgho taṁ kammaṁ paṭippassambheyyāti.

If the Sangha wants to do a legal procedure against his preceptor—whether a procedure of censure, demotion, banishment, reconciliation, or ejection— the student should make an effort to stop it or to reduce the penalty. But if the Sangha has already done a legal procedure against his preceptor—whether a procedure of censure, demotion, banishment, reconciliation, or ejection— the student should help the preceptor conduct himself properly and suitably so as to deserve to be released, and try to get the Sangha to lift that procedure.

Sace upajjhāyassa cīvaraṁ dhovitabbaṁ hoti, saddhivihārikena dhovitabbaṁ, ussukkaṁ vā kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho upajjhāyassa cīvaraṁ dhoviyethāti. Sace upajjhāyassa cīvaraṁ kātabbaṁ hoti, saddhivihārikena kātabbaṁ, ussukkaṁ vā kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho upajjhāyassa cīvaraṁ kariyethāti. Sace upajjhāyassa rajanā pacitabbā hoti, saddhivihārikena pacitabbā, ussukkaṁ vā kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho upajjhāyassa rajanaṁ paciyethāti. Sace upajjhāyassa cīvaraṁ rajitabbaṁ hoti, saddhivihārikena rajitabbaṁ, ussukkaṁ vā kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho upajjhāyassa cīvaraṁ rajiyethāti. Cīvaraṁ rajantena sādhukaṁ samparivattakaṁ samparivattakaṁ rajitabbaṁ, na ca acchinne theve pakkamitabbaṁ.

If the preceptor’s robe needs washing, the student should do it himself, or he should make an effort to get it done. If the preceptor needs a robe, the student should make one himself, or he should make an effort to get one made. If the preceptor needs dye, the student should make it himself, or he should make an effort to get it made. If the preceptor’s robe needs dyeing, the student should do it himself, or he should make an effort to get it done. When he’s dyeing the robe, he should carefully and repeatedly turn it over, and shouldn’t go away while it’s still dripping.

Na upajjhāyaṁ anāpucchā ekaccassa patto dātabbo, na ekaccassa patto paṭiggahetabbo; na ekaccassa cīvaraṁ dātabbaṁ, na ekaccassa cīvaraṁ paṭiggahetabbaṁ; na ekaccassa parikkhāro dātabbo, na ekaccassa parikkhāro paṭiggahetabbo; na ekaccassa kesā chedetabbā, na ekaccena kesā chedāpetabbā; na ekaccassa parikammaṁ kātabbaṁ, na ekaccena parikammaṁ kārāpetabbaṁ; na ekaccassa veyyāvacco kātabbo, na ekaccena veyyāvacco kārāpetabbo; na ekaccassa pacchāsamaṇena hotabbaṁ, na ekacco pacchāsamaṇo ādātabbo; na ekaccassa piṇḍapāto nīharitabbo, na ekaccena piṇḍapāto nīharāpetabbo; na upajjhāyaṁ anāpucchā gāmo pavisitabbo; na susānaṁ gantabbaṁ; na disā pakkamitabbā. Sace upajjhāyo gilāno hoti, yāvajīvaṁ upaṭṭhātabbo, vuṭṭhānamassa āgametabbaṁ. Idaṁ kho, bhikkhave, saddhivihārikānaṁ upajjhāyesu vattaṁ yathā saddhivihārikehi upajjhāyesu sammā vattitabban”ti.

Without asking his preceptor for permission, he shouldn’t do any of the following: give away or receive a bowl; give away or receive a robe; give away or receive a requisite; cut anyone’s hair or get it cut; provide assistance to anyone or have assistance provided by anyone; do a service for anyone or get a service done by anyone; be the attendant monk for anyone or take anyone as his attendant monk; bring back almsfood for anyone or get almsfood brought back by anyone; enter the village, go to the charnel ground, or leave for another region. If his preceptor is sick, he should nurse him for as long as he lives or wait until he has recovered. This is the proper conduct of a student toward his preceptor.”

12. Saddhivihārikavattakathā

Tena kho pana samayena upajjhāyā saddhivihārikesu na sammā vattanti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti— “kathañhi nāma upajjhāyā saddhivihārikesu na sammā vattissantī”ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe… “saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, upajjhāyā saddhivihārikesu na sammā vattantī”ti? “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti …pe… vigarahitvā …pe… dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi— “Tena hi, bhikkhave, upajjhāyānaṁ saddhivihārikesu vattaṁ paññapessāmi yathā upajjhāyehi saddhivihārikesu sammā vattitabbaṁ.

12. Discussion of the proper conduct toward a student

At that time the preceptors were not conducting themselves properly toward their students. The monks of few desires complained and criticized them, “How can the preceptors not conduct themselves properly toward their students?” They told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks: “Is it true, monks, that the preceptors are not conducting themselves properly toward their students?” “It’s true, sir.” … After rebuking them … the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: “Well then, I’ll lay down the proper conduct for preceptors toward their students.

Upajjhāyena, bhikkhave, saddhivihārikamhi sammā vattitabbaṁ. Tatrāyaṁ sammāvattanā— Upajjhāyena, bhikkhave, saddhivihāriko saṅgahetabbo anuggahetabbo uddesena paripucchāya ovādena anusāsaniyā. Sace upajjhāyassa patto hoti, saddhivihārikassa patto na hoti, upajjhāyena saddhivihārikassa patto dātabbo, ussukkaṁ vā kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho saddhivihārikassa patto uppajjiyethāti. Sace upajjhāyassa cīvaraṁ hoti, saddhivihārikassa cīvaraṁ na hoti, upajjhāyena saddhivihārikassa cīvaraṁ dātabbaṁ, ussukkaṁ vā kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho saddhivihārikassa cīvaraṁ uppajjiyethāti. Sace upajjhāyassa parikkhāro hoti, saddhivihārikassa parikkhāro na hoti, upajjhāyena saddhivihārikassa parikkhāro dātabbo, ussukkaṁ vā kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho saddhivihārikassa parikkhāro uppajjiyethāti.

A preceptor should conduct himself properly toward his student. This is the proper conduct: A preceptor should help and take care of his student through recitation, questioning, and instruction. If the preceptor has a bowl, but not the student, the preceptor should give it to him, or he should make an effort to get him one. If the preceptor has a robe, but not the student, the preceptor should give it to him, or he should make an effort to get him one. If the preceptor has a requisite, but not the student, the preceptor should give it to him, or he should make an effort to get him one.”

Sace saddhivihāriko gilāno hoti, kālasseva uṭṭhāya dantakaṭṭhaṁ dātabbaṁ, mukhodakaṁ dātabbaṁ, āsanaṁ paññapetabbaṁ. Sace yāgu hoti, bhājanaṁ dhovitvā yāgu upanāmetabbā. Yāguṁ pītassa udakaṁ datvā bhājanaṁ paṭiggahetvā nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena dhovitvā paṭisāmetabbaṁ. Saddhivihārikamhi vuṭṭhite āsanaṁ uddharitabbaṁ. Sace so deso uklāpo hoti, so deso sammajjitabbo.

Meals and almsround

“If the student is sick, the preceptor should get up at the appropriate time and give his student a tooth cleaner and water for rinsing the mouth, and he should prepare a seat for him. If there’s congee, he should rinse a vessel and bring the congee to his student. When he has drunk the congee, the preceptor should give him water and receive the vessel. Holding it low, he should wash it carefully without scratching it and then put it away. When the student has gotten up, the preceptor should put away the seat. If the place is dirty, he should sweep it.

Sace saddhivihāriko gāmaṁ pavisitukāmo hoti, nivāsanaṁ dātabbaṁ, paṭinivāsanaṁ paṭiggahetabbaṁ, kāyabandhanaṁ dātabbaṁ, saguṇaṁ katvā saṅghāṭiyo dātabbā, dhovitvā patto sodako dātabbo. Ettāvatā nivattissatīti āsanaṁ paññapetabbaṁ, pādodakaṁ pādapīṭhaṁ pādakathalikaṁ upanikkhipitabbaṁ, paccuggantvā pattacīvaraṁ paṭiggahetabbaṁ, paṭinivāsanaṁ dātabbaṁ, nivāsanaṁ paṭiggahetabbaṁ. Sace cīvaraṁ sinnaṁ hoti, muhuttaṁ uṇhe otāpetabbaṁ, na ca uṇhe cīvaraṁ nidahitabbaṁ. Cīvaraṁ saṅgharitabbaṁ. Cīvaraṁ saṅgharantena caturaṅgulaṁ kaṇṇaṁ ussāretvā cīvaraṁ saṅgharitabbaṁ— mā majjhe bhaṅgo ahosīti. Obhoge kāyabandhanaṁ kātabbaṁ. Sace piṇḍapāto hoti, saddhivihāriko ca bhuñjitukāmo hoti, udakaṁ datvā piṇḍapāto upanāmetabbo.

If the student wants to enter the village, the preceptor should give him a sarong and receive the one he’s wearing in return. He should give him a belt. He should put the upper robes together, overlapping each other edge-to-edge, and then give them to him. He should rinse his student’s bowl and give it to him while wet. Before he’s due back, the preceptor should prepare a seat and set out a foot stool, a foot scraper, and water for washing the feet. He should go out to meet the student and receive his bowl and robe. He should give him a sarong and receive the one he’s wearing in return. If the robe is damp, he should sun it for a short while, but shouldn’t leave it in the heat. He should fold the robe, offsetting the edges by seven centimeters, so that the fold doesn’t become worn. He should place the belt in the fold. If there’s almsfood and his student wants to eat, the preceptor should give him water and then the almsfood.

Saddhivihāriko pānīyena pucchitabbo. Bhuttāvissa udakaṁ datvā pattaṁ paṭiggahetvā nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena dhovitvā vodakaṁ katvā muhuttaṁ uṇhe otāpetabbo, na ca uṇhe patto nidahitabbo. Pattacīvaraṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ. Pattaṁ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena pattaṁ gahetvā ekena hatthena heṭṭhāmañcaṁ vā heṭṭhāpīṭhaṁ vā parāmasitvā patto nikkhipitabbo. Na ca anantarahitāya bhūmiyā patto nikkhipitabbo. Cīvaraṁ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena cīvaraṁ gahetvā ekena hatthena cīvaravaṁsaṁ vā cīvararajjuṁ vā pamajjitvā pārato antaṁ orato bhogaṁ katvā cīvaraṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ. Saddhivihārikamhi vuṭṭhite āsanaṁ uddharitabbaṁ, pādodakaṁ pādapīṭhaṁ pādakathalikaṁ paṭisāmetabbaṁ. Sace so deso uklāpo hoti, so deso sammajjitabbo.

He should ask his student if he wants water to drink. When the student has eaten, the preceptor should give him water and receive his bowl. Holding it low, he should wash it carefully without scratching it. He should then dry it and sun it for a short while, but shouldn’t leave it in the heat. The preceptor should put away the robe and bowl. When putting away the bowl, he should hold the bowl in one hand, feel under the bed or the bench with the other, and then put it away. He shouldn’t put the bowl away on the bare floor. When putting away the robe, he should hold the robe in one hand, wipe the bamboo robe rack or the clothesline with the other, and then put it away by folding the robe over it, making the ends face the wall and the fold face out. When the student has gotten up, the preceptor should put away the seat and also the foot stool, the foot scraper, and the water for washing the feet. If the place is dirty, he should sweep it.”

Sace saddhivihāriko nahāyitukāmo hoti, nahānaṁ paṭiyādetabbaṁ. Sace sītena attho hoti, sītaṁ paṭiyādetabbaṁ. Sace uṇhena attho hoti, uṇhaṁ paṭiyādetabbaṁ. Sace saddhivihāriko jantāgharaṁ pavisitukāmo hoti, cuṇṇaṁ sannetabbaṁ, mattikā temetabbā, jantāgharapīṭhaṁ ādāya gantvā jantāgharapīṭhaṁ datvā cīvaraṁ paṭiggahetvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ, cuṇṇaṁ dātabbaṁ, mattikā dātabbā. Sace ussahati jantāgharaṁ pavisitabbaṁ. Jantāgharaṁ pavisantena mattikāya mukhaṁ makkhetvā purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharaṁ pavisitabbaṁ.

Bathing

“If the student wants to bathe, the preceptor should prepare a bath. If he wants a cold bath, he should prepare that; if he wants a hot bath, he should prepare that. If the student wants to take a sauna, the preceptor should knead bath powder, moisten the clay, take a sauna bench, and go to the sauna. After giving his student the sauna bench, receiving his robe, and putting it aside, he should give him the bath powder and the clay. If he’s able, he should enter the sauna. When entering the sauna, he should smear his face with clay, cover himself front and back, and then enter.

Na there bhikkhū anupakhajja nisīditabbaṁ, na navā bhikkhū āsanena paṭibāhitabbā. Jantāghare saddhivihārikassa parikammaṁ kātabbaṁ. Jantāgharā nikkhamantena jantāgharapīṭhaṁ ādāya purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharā nikkhamitabbaṁ. Udakepi saddhivihārikassa parikammaṁ kātabbaṁ. Nahātena paṭhamataraṁ uttaritvā attano gattaṁ vodakaṁ katvā nivāsetvā saddhivihārikassa gattato udakaṁ pamajjitabbaṁ, nivāsanaṁ dātabbaṁ, saṅghāṭi dātabbā, jantāgharapīṭhaṁ ādāya paṭhamataraṁ āgantvā āsanaṁ paññapetabbaṁ, pādodakaṁ pādapīṭhaṁ pādakathalikaṁ upanikkhipitabbaṁ. Saddhivihāriko pānīyena pucchitabbo.

He shouldn’t sit encroaching on the senior monks, or block the junior monks from getting a seat. While in the sauna, he should provide assistance to his student. When leaving the sauna, he should take the sauna bench, cover himself front and back, and then leave. The preceptor should also provide assistance to his student in the water. When the preceptor has bathed, he should be the first to come out. He should dry himself and put on his sarong. He should then wipe the water off his student’s body, and he should give him his sarong and then his upper robe. Taking the sauna bench, he should be the first to return. He should prepare a seat, and also set out a foot stool, a foot scraper, and water for washing the feet. He should ask his student if he wants water to drink.”

Yasmiṁ vihāre saddhivihāriko viharati, sace so vihāro uklāpo hoti, sace ussahati, sodhetabbo.

The dwelling

“If the dwelling where the student is staying is dirty, the preceptor should clean it if he’s able.

Vihāraṁ sodhentena paṭhamaṁ pattacīvaraṁ nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ …pe…

When he’s cleaning the dwelling, he should first take out the bowl and robe and put them aside. He should take out the sitting mat and the sheet and put them aside. He should take out the mattress and the pillow and put them aside. Holding the bed low, he should carefully take it out without scratching it or knocking it against the door or the door frame, and he should put it aside. Holding the bench low, he should carefully take it out without scratching it or knocking it against the door or the door frame, and he should put it aside. He should take out the bed supports and put them aside. He should take out the spittoon and put it aside. He should take out the leaning board and put it aside. After taking note of its position, he should take out the floor cover and put it aside. If the dwelling has cobwebs, he should first remove them from the ceiling cloth, and he should then wipe the windows and the corners of the room. If the walls have been treated with red ocher and they’re moldy, he should moisten a cloth, wring it out, and wipe the walls. If the floor has been treated with a black finish and it’s moldy, he should moisten a cloth, wring it out, and wipe the floor. If the floor is untreated, he should sprinkle it with water and then sweep it, trying to avoid stirring up dust. He should look out for any trash and discard it. He should sun the floor cover, clean it, beat it, bring it back inside, and put it back as before. He should sun the bed supports, wipe them, bring them back inside, and put them back where they were. He should sun the bed, clean it, and beat it. Holding it low, he should carefully bring it back inside without scratching it or knocking it against the door or the door frame, and he should put it back as before. He should sun the bench, clean it, and beat it. Holding it low, he should carefully bring it back inside without scratching it or knocking it against the door or the door frame, and he should put it back as before. He should sun the mattress and the pillow, clean them, beat them, bring them back inside, and put them back the way they were. He should sun the sitting mat and the sheet, clean them, beat them, bring them back inside, and put them back the way they were. He should sun the spittoon, wipe it, bring it back inside, and put it back where it was. He should sun the leaning board, wipe it, bring it back inside, and put it back where it was. He should put away the bowl and robe. When putting away the bowl, he should hold the bowl in one hand, feel under the bed or the bench with the other, and then put it away. He shouldn’t put the bowl away on the bare floor. When putting away the robe, he should hold the robe in one hand, wipe the bamboo robe rack or the clothesline with the other, and then put it away by folding the robe over it, making the ends face the wall and the fold face out. If dusty winds are blowing from the east, he should close the windows on the eastern side. If dusty winds are blowing from the west, he should close the windows on the western side. If dusty winds are blowing from the north, he should close the windows on the northern side. If dusty winds are blowing from the south, he should close the windows on the southern side. If the weather is cold, he should open the windows during the day and close them at night. If the weather is hot, he should close the windows during the day and open them at night. If the yard is dirty, he should sweep it. If the gatehouse is dirty, he should sweep it. If the assembly hall is dirty, he should sweep it. If the water-boiling shed is dirty, he should sweep it. If the restroom is dirty, he should sweep it. If there’s no water for drinking, he should get some. If there’s no water for washing, he should get some.

sace ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṁ na hoti, ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṁ āsiñcitabbaṁ.

If there’s no water in the restroom ablutions pot, he should fill it.”

Sace saddhivihārikassa anabhirati uppannā hoti, upajjhāyena vūpakāsetabbo, vūpakāsāpetabbo, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā.

Spiritual support, etc.

“If the student becomes discontent with the spiritual life, the preceptor should send him away or have him sent away, or he should give him a teaching.

Sace saddhivihārikassa kukkuccaṁ uppannaṁ hoti, upajjhāyena vinodetabbaṁ, vinodāpetabbaṁ, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā. Sace saddhivihārikassa diṭṭhigataṁ uppannaṁ hoti, upajjhāyena vivecetabbaṁ, vivecāpetabbaṁ, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā.

If the student becomes anxious, the preceptor should dispel it or have it dispelled, or he should give him a teaching. If the student has wrong view, the preceptor should make him give it up or have someone else do it, or he should give him a teaching.

Sace saddhivihāriko garudhammaṁ ajjhāpanno hoti parivāsāraho, upajjhāyena ussukkaṁ kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho saṅgho saddhivihārikassa parivāsaṁ dadeyyāti. Sace saddhivihāriko mūlāyapaṭikassanāraho hoti, upajjhāyena ussukkaṁ kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho saṅgho saddhivihārikaṁ mūlāya paṭikasseyyāti. Sace saddhivihāriko mānattāraho hoti, upajjhāyena ussukkaṁ kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho saṅgho saddhivihārikassa mānattaṁ dadeyyāti. Sace saddhivihāriko abbhānāraho hoti, upajjhāyena ussukkaṁ kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho saṅgho saddhivihārikaṁ abbheyyāti.

If the student has committed a heavy offense and deserves probation, the preceptor should try to get the Sangha to give it to him. If the student has committed a heavy offense and deserves to be sent back to the beginning, the preceptor should try to get the Sangha to do it. If the student has committed a heavy offense and deserves the trial period, the preceptor should try to get the Sangha to give it to him. If the student has committed a heavy offense and deserves rehabilitation, the preceptor should try to get the Sangha to give it to him.

Sace saṅgho saddhivihārikassa kammaṁ kattukāmo hoti, tajjanīyaṁ vā niyassaṁ vā pabbājanīyaṁ vā paṭisāraṇīyaṁ vā ukkhepanīyaṁ vā, upajjhāyena ussukkaṁ kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho saṅgho saddhivihārikassa kammaṁ na kareyya, lahukāya vā pariṇāmeyyāti. Kataṁ vā panassa hoti saṅghena kammaṁ, tajjanīyaṁ vā niyassaṁ vā pabbājanīyaṁ vā paṭisāraṇīyaṁ vā, ukkhepanīyaṁ vā, upajjhāyena ussukkaṁ kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho saddhivihāriko sammā vatteyya lomaṁ pāteyya, netthāraṁ vatteyya, saṅgho taṁ kammaṁ paṭippassambheyyāti.

If the Sangha wants to do a legal procedure against his student—whether a procedure of censure, demotion, banishment, reconciliation, or ejection— the preceptor should make an effort to stop it or to reduce the penalty. But if the Sangha has already done a legal procedure against his student—whether a procedure of censure, demotion, banishment, reconciliation, or ejection— the preceptor should help the student conduct himself properly and suitably so as to deserve to be released, and try to get the Sangha to lift that procedure.

Sace saddhivihārikassa cīvaraṁ dhovitabbaṁ hoti, upajjhāyena ācikkhitabbaṁ—evaṁ dhoveyyāsīti, ussukkaṁ vā kātabbaṁ—kinti nu kho saddhivihārikassa cīvaraṁ dhoviyethāti. Sace saddhivihārikassa cīvaraṁ kātabbaṁ hoti, upajjhāyena ācikkhitabbaṁ—evaṁ kareyyāsīti, ussukkaṁ vā kātabbaṁ—kinti nu kho saddhivihārikassa cīvaraṁ kariyethāti. Sace saddhivihārikassa rajanaṁ pacitabbaṁ hoti, upajjhāyena ācikkhitabbaṁ—evaṁ paceyyāsīti, ussukkaṁ vā kātabbaṁ—kinti nu kho saddhivihārikassa rajanaṁ paciyethāti. Sace saddhivihārikassa cīvaraṁ rajitabbaṁ hoti, upajjhāyena ācikkhitabbaṁ—evaṁ rajeyyāsīti, ussukkaṁ vā kātabbaṁ—kinti nu kho saddhivihārikassa cīvaraṁ rajiyethāti. Cīvaraṁ rajantena sādhukaṁ samparivattakaṁ samparivattakaṁ rajitabbaṁ, na ca acchinne theve pakkamitabbaṁ. Sace saddhivihāriko gilāno hoti, yāvajīvaṁ upaṭṭhātabbo, vuṭṭhānamassa āgametabbaṁ. Idaṁ kho, bhikkhave, upajjhāyānaṁ saddhivihārikesu vattaṁ yathā upajjhāyehi saddhivihārikesu sammā vattitabban”ti.

If the student’s robe needs washing, the preceptor should show him how to do it, or he should make an effort to get it done. If the student needs a robe, the preceptor should show him how to make one, or he should make an effort to get one made. If the student needs dye, the preceptor should show him how to make it, or he should make an effort to get it made. If the student’s robe needs dyeing, the preceptor should show him how to do it, or he should make an effort to get it done. When he’s dyeing the robe, he should carefully and repeatedly turn it over, and shouldn’t go away while it’s still dripping. If his student is sick, he should nurse him for as long as he lives or wait until he has recovered. This is the proper conduct of a preceptor toward his student.”

13. Ācariyavattakathā

Tena kho pana samayena antevāsikā ācariyesu na sammā vattanti.

13. Discussion of the proper conduct toward a teacher

At that time the pupils were not conducting themselves properly toward their teachers.

Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti— “kathañhi nāma antevāsikā ācariyesu na sammā vattissantī”ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe… “saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, antevāsikā ācariyesu na sammā vattantī”ti? “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti …pe… vigarahitvā …pe… dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi— “Tena hi, bhikkhave, antevāsikānaṁ ācariyesu vattaṁ paññapessāmi yathā antevāsikehi ācariyesu sammā vattitabbaṁ. Antevāsikena, bhikkhave, ācariyamhi sammā vattitabbaṁ. Tatrāyaṁ sammāvattanā—

The monks of few desires complained and criticized them, “How can the pupils not conduct themselves properly toward their teachers?” They told the Buddha. … “Is it true, monks, that the pupils are not conducting themselves properly toward their teachers?” “It’s true, sir.” … After rebuking them … the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: “Well then, I’ll lay down the proper conduct for a pupil toward his teacher. A pupil should conduct himself properly toward his teacher. This is the proper conduct:

Kālasseva uṭṭhāya upāhanā omuñcitvā ekaṁsaṁ uttarāsaṅgaṁ karitvā dantakaṭṭhaṁ dātabbaṁ, mukhodakaṁ dātabbaṁ, āsanaṁ paññapetabbaṁ.

Meals and almsround

Having gotten up at the appropriate time, the pupil should remove his sandals, and arrange his upper robe over one shoulder. He should then give his teacher a tooth cleaner and water for rinsing the mouth, and he should prepare a seat for him.

Sace yāgu hoti, bhājanaṁ dhovitvā yāgu upanāmetabbā. Yāguṁ pītassa udakaṁ datvā bhājanaṁ paṭiggahetvā nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena dhovitvā paṭisāmetabbaṁ. Ācariyamhi vuṭṭhite āsanaṁ uddharitabbaṁ. Sace so deso uklāpo hoti, so deso sammajjitabbo. Sace ācariyo gāmaṁ pavisitukāmo hoti, nivāsanaṁ dātabbaṁ, paṭinivāsanaṁ paṭiggahetabbaṁ, kāyabandhanaṁ dātabbaṁ, saguṇaṁ katvā saṅghāṭiyo dātabbā, dhovitvā patto sodako dātabbo. Sace ācariyo pacchāsamaṇaṁ ākaṅkhati, timaṇḍalaṁ paṭicchādentena parimaṇḍalaṁ nivāsetvā kāyabandhanaṁ bandhitvā saguṇaṁ katvā saṅghāṭiyo pārupitvā gaṇṭhikaṁ paṭimuñcitvā dhovitvā pattaṁ gahetvā ācariyassa pacchāsamaṇena hotabbaṁ. Nātidūre gantabbaṁ, nāccāsanne gantabbaṁ, pattapariyāpannaṁ paṭiggahetabbaṁ. Na ācariyassa bhaṇamānassa antarantarā kathā opātetabbā. Ācariyo āpattisāmantā bhaṇamāno nivāretabbo. Nivattantena paṭhamataraṁ āgantvā āsanaṁ paññapetabbaṁ, pādodakaṁ pādapīṭhaṁ pādakathalikaṁ upanikkhipitabbaṁ, paccuggantvā pattacīvaraṁ paṭiggahetabbaṁ, paṭinivāsanaṁ dātabbaṁ, nivāsanaṁ paṭiggahetabbaṁ. Sace cīvaraṁ sinnaṁ hoti, muhuttaṁ uṇhe otāpetabbaṁ, na ca uṇhe cīvaraṁ nidahitabbaṁ. Cīvaraṁ saṅgharitabbaṁ. Cīvaraṁ saṅgharantena caturaṅgulaṁ kaṇṇaṁ ussāretvā cīvaraṁ saṅgharitabbaṁ— mā majjhe bhaṅgo ahosīti. Obhoge kāyabandhanaṁ kātabbaṁ. Sace piṇḍapāto hoti, ācariyo ca bhuñjitukāmo hoti, udakaṁ datvā piṇḍapāto upanāmetabbo. Ācariyo pānīyena pucchitabbo. Bhuttāvissa udakaṁ datvā pattaṁ paṭiggahetvā nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena dhovitvā vodakaṁ katvā muhuttaṁ uṇhe otāpetabbo, na ca uṇhe patto nidahitabbo. Pattacīvaraṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ. Pattaṁ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena pattaṁ gahetvā ekena hatthena heṭṭhāmañcaṁ vā heṭṭhāpīṭhaṁ vā parāmasitvā patto nikkhipitabbo. Na ca anantarahitāya bhūmiyā patto nikkhipitabbo. Cīvaraṁ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena cīvaraṁ gahetvā ekena hatthena cīvaravaṁsaṁ vā cīvararajjuṁ vā pamajjitvā pārato antaṁ orato bhogaṁ katvā cīvaraṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ. Ācariyamhi vuṭṭhite āsanaṁ uddharitabbaṁ, pādodakaṁ pādapīṭhaṁ pādakathalikaṁ paṭisāmetabbaṁ. Sace so deso uklāpo hoti, so deso sammajjitabbo.

If there’s congee, he should rinse a vessel and bring the congee to his teacher. When he has drunk the congee, the pupil should give him water and receive the vessel. Holding it low, he should wash it carefully without scratching it and then put it away. When the teacher has gotten up, the pupil should put away the seat. If the place is dirty, he should sweep it. If the teacher wants to enter the village, the pupil should give him a sarong and receive the one he’s wearing in return. He should give him a belt. He should put the upper robes together, overlapping each other edge-to-edge, and then give them to him. He should rinse his teacher’s bowl and give it to him while wet. If the teacher wants an attendant, the pupil should put on his sarong evenly all around, covering the navel and the knees. He should put on a belt. Putting the upper robes together, overlapping each other edge-to-edge, he should put them on and fasten the toggle. He should rinse his bowl, bring it along, and be his teacher’s attendant. He shouldn’t walk too far behind his teacher or too close to him. He should receive the contents of his bowl. He shouldn’t interrupt his teacher when he’s speaking. But if the teacher’s speech is bordering on an offense, he should stop him. When returning, the pupil should go first to prepare a seat and to set out a foot stool, a foot scraper, and water for washing the feet. He should go out to meet the teacher and receive his bowl and robe. He should give him a sarong and receive the one he’s wearing in return. If the robe is damp, he should sun it for a short while, but shouldn’t leave it in the heat. He should fold the robe, offsetting the edges by seven centimeters, so that the fold doesn’t become worn. He should place the belt in the fold. If there’s almsfood and his teacher wants to eat, the pupil should give him water and then the almsfood. He should ask his teacher if he wants water to drink. When the teacher has eaten, the pupil should give him water and receive his bowl. Holding it low, he should wash it carefully without scratching it. He should then dry it and sun it for a short while, but shouldn’t leave it in the heat. The pupil should put away the robe and bowl. When putting away the bowl, he should hold the bowl in one hand, feel under the bed or the bench with the other, and then put it away. He shouldn’t put the bowl away on the bare floor. When putting away the robe, he should hold the robe in one hand, wipe the bamboo robe rack or the clothesline with the other, and then put it away by folding the robe over it, making the ends face the wall and the fold face out. When the teacher has gotten up, the pupil should put away the seat and also the foot stool, the foot scraper, and the water for washing the feet. If the place is dirty, he should sweep it.”

Sace ācariyo nahāyitukāmo hoti, nahānaṁ paṭiyādetabbaṁ.

Bathing

“If the teacher wants to bathe, the pupil should prepare a bath.

Sace sītena attho hoti, sītaṁ paṭiyādetabbaṁ. Sace uṇhena attho hoti, uṇhaṁ paṭiyādetabbaṁ. Sace ācariyo jantāgharaṁ pavisitukāmo hoti, cuṇṇaṁ sannetabbaṁ, mattikā temetabbā, jantāgharapīṭhaṁ ādāya ācariyassa piṭṭhito piṭṭhito gantvā jantāgharapīṭhaṁ datvā cīvaraṁ paṭiggahetvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ, cuṇṇaṁ dātabbaṁ, mattikā dātabbā. Sace ussahati, jantāgharaṁ pavisitabbaṁ. Jantāgharaṁ pavisantena mattikāya mukhaṁ makkhetvā purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharaṁ pavisitabbaṁ. Na there bhikkhū anupakhajja nisīditabbaṁ. Na navā bhikkhū āsanena paṭibāhitabbā. Jantāghare ācariyassa parikammaṁ kātabbaṁ. Jantāgharā nikkhamantena jantāgharapīṭhaṁ ādāya purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharā nikkhamitabbaṁ. Udakepi ācariyassa parikammaṁ kātabbaṁ. Nahātena paṭhamataraṁ uttaritvā attano gattaṁ vodakaṁ katvā nivāsetvā ācariyassa gattato udakaṁ pamajjitabbaṁ, nivāsanaṁ dātabbaṁ, saṅghāṭi dātabbā, jantāgharapīṭhaṁ ādāya paṭhamataraṁ āgantvā āsanaṁ paññapetabbaṁ, pādodakaṁ pādapīṭhaṁ pādakathalikaṁ upanikkhipitabbaṁ. Ācariyo pānīyena pucchitabbo. Sace uddisāpetukāmo hoti, uddisitabbo. Sace paripucchitukāmo hoti, paripucchitabbo.

If he wants a cold bath, he should prepare that; if he wants a hot bath, he should prepare that. If the teacher wants to take a sauna, the pupil should knead bath powder, moisten the clay, take a sauna bench, and follow behind his teacher. After giving his teacher the sauna bench, receiving his robe, and putting it aside, he should give him the bath powder and the clay. If he’s able, he should enter the sauna. When entering the sauna, he should smear his face with clay, cover himself front and back, and then enter. He shouldn’t sit encroaching on the senior monks, or block the junior monks from getting a seat. While in the sauna, he should provide assistance to his teacher. When leaving the sauna, he should take the sauna bench, cover himself front and back, and then leave. He should also provide assistance to his teacher in the water. When he has bathed, he should be the first to come out. He should dry himself and put on his sarong. He should then wipe the water off his teacher’s body, and he should give him his sarong and then his upper robe. Taking the sauna bench, he should be the first to return. He should prepare a seat, and also set out a foot stool, a foot scraper, and water for washing the feet. He should ask his teacher if he wants water to drink. If the teacher wants him to recite, he should do so. If the teacher wants to question him, he should be questioned.”

Yasmiṁ vihāre ācariyo viharati, sace so vihāro uklāpo hoti, sace ussahati, sodhetabbo.

The dwelling

“If the dwelling where the teacher is staying is dirty, the pupil should clean it if he’s able.

Vihāraṁ sodhentena paṭhamaṁ pattacīvaraṁ nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ; nisīdanapaccattharaṇaṁ nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ; bhisibibbohanaṁ nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ; mañco nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṁ, nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbo; pīṭhaṁ nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṁ, nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ; mañcapaṭipādakā nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbā; kheḷamallako nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbo; apassenaphalakaṁ nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ; bhūmattharaṇaṁ yathāpaññattaṁ sallakkhetvā nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ. Sace vihāre santānakaṁ hoti, ullokā paṭhamaṁ ohāretabbaṁ, ālokasandhikaṇṇabhāgā pamajjitabbā. Sace gerukaparikammakatā bhitti kaṇṇakitā hoti, coḷakaṁ temetvā pīḷetvā pamajjitabbā. Sace kāḷavaṇṇakatā bhūmi kaṇṇakitā hoti, coḷakaṁ temetvā pīḷetvā pamajjitabbā. Sace akatā hoti bhūmi, udakena paripphositvā paripphositvā sammajjitabbā— mā vihāro rajena uhaññīti. Saṅkāraṁ vicinitvā ekamantaṁ chaḍḍetabbaṁ. Bhūmattharaṇaṁ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṁ paññapetabbaṁ. Mañcapaṭipādakā otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbā. Mañco otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṁ, atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṁ paññapetabbo. Pīṭhaṁ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena, asaṅghaṭṭentena kavāṭapiṭṭhaṁ, atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṁ paññapetabbaṁ. Bhisibibbohanaṁ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṁ paññapetabbaṁ. Nisīdanapaccattharaṇaṁ otāpetvā sodhetvā papphoṭetvā atiharitvā yathāpaññattaṁ paññapetabbaṁ. Kheḷamallako otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbo. Apassenaphalakaṁ otāpetvā pamajjitvā atiharitvā yathāṭhāne ṭhapetabbaṁ. Pattacīvaraṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ. Pattaṁ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena pattaṁ gahetvā ekena hatthena heṭṭhāmañcaṁ vā heṭṭhāpīṭhaṁ vā parāmasitvā patto nikkhipitabbo. Na ca anantarahitāya bhūmiyā patto nikkhipitabbo. Cīvaraṁ nikkhipantena ekena hatthena cīvaraṁ gahetvā ekena hatthena cīvaravaṁsaṁ vā cīvararajjuṁ vā pamajjitvā pārato antaṁ orato bhogaṁ katvā cīvaraṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ. Sace puratthimā sarajā vātā vāyanti, puratthimā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace pacchimā sarajā vātā vāyanti, pacchimā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace uttarā sarajā vātā vāyanti, uttarā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace dakkhiṇā sarajā vātā vāyanti, dakkhiṇā vātapānā thaketabbā. Sace sītakālo hoti, divā vātapānā vivaritabbā, rattiṁ thaketabbā. Sace uṇhakālo hoti, divā vātapānā thaketabbā, rattiṁ vivaritabbā. Sace pariveṇaṁ uklāpaṁ hoti, pariveṇaṁ sammajjitabbaṁ. Sace koṭṭhako uklāpo hoti, koṭṭhako sammajjitabbo. Sace upaṭṭhānasālā uklāpā hoti, upaṭṭhānasālā sammajjitabbā. Sace aggisālā uklāpā hoti, aggisālā sammajjitabbā. Sace vaccakuṭi uklāpā hoti, vaccakuṭi sammajjitabbā. Sace pānīyaṁ na hoti, pānīyaṁ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṁ. Sace paribhojanīyaṁ na hoti, paribhojanīyaṁ upaṭṭhāpetabbaṁ. Sace ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṁ na hoti, ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṁ āsiñcitabbaṁ.

When he’s cleaning the dwelling, he should first take out the bowl and robe and put them aside. He should take out the sitting mat and the sheet and put them aside. He should take out the mattress and the pillow and put them aside. Holding the bed low, he should carefully take it out without scratching it or knocking it against the door or the door frame, and he should put it aside. Holding the bench low, he should carefully take it out without scratching it or knocking it against the door or the door frame, and he should put it aside. He should take out the bed supports and put them aside. He should take out the spittoon and put it aside. He should take out the leaning board and put it aside. After taking note of its position, he should take out the floor cover and put it aside. If the dwelling has cobwebs, he should first remove them from the ceiling cloth, and he should then wipe the windows and the corners of the room. If the walls have been treated with red ocher and they’re moldy, he should moisten a cloth, wring it out, and wipe the walls. If the floor has been treated with a black finish and it’s moldy, he should moisten a cloth, wring it out, and wipe the floor. If the floor is untreated, he should sprinkle it with water and then sweep it, trying to avoid stirring up dust. He should look out for any trash and discard it. He should sun the floor cover, clean it, beat it, bring it back inside, and put it back as before. He should sun the bed supports, wipe them, bring them back inside, and put them back where they were. He should sun the bed, clean it, and beat it. Holding it low, he should carefully bring it back inside without scratching it or knocking it against the door or the door frame, and he should put it back as before. He should sun the bench, clean it, and beat it. Holding it low, he should carefully bring it back inside without scratching it or knocking it against the door or the door frame, and he should put it back as before. He should sun the mattress and the pillow, clean them, beat them, bring them back inside, and put them back as before. He should sun the sitting mat and the sheet, clean them, beat them, bring them back inside, and put them back as before. He should sun the spittoon, wipe it, bring it back inside, and put it back where it was. He should sun the leaning board, wipe it, bring it back inside, and put it back where it was. He should put away the bowl and robe. When putting away the bowl, he should hold the bowl in one hand, feel under the bed or the bench with the other, and then put it away. He shouldn’t put the bowl away on the bare floor. When putting away the robe, he should hold the robe in one hand, wipe the bamboo robe rack or the clothesline with the other, and then put it away by folding the robe over it, making the ends face the wall and the fold face out. If dusty winds are blowing from the east, he should close the windows on the eastern side. If dusty winds are blowing from the west, he should close the windows on the western side. If dusty winds are blowing from the north, he should close the windows on the northern side. If dusty winds are blowing from the south, he should close the windows on the southern side. If the weather is cold, he should open the windows during the day and close them at night. If the weather is hot, he should close the windows during the day and open them at night. If the yard is dirty, he should sweep it. If the gatehouse is dirty, he should sweep it. If the assembly hall is dirty, he should sweep it. If the water-boiling shed is dirty, he should sweep it. If the restroom is dirty, he should sweep it. If there’s no water for drinking, he should get some. If there’s no water for washing, he should get some. If there’s no water in the restroom ablutions pot, he should fill it.”

Sace ācariyassa anabhirati uppannā hoti, antevāsikena vūpakāsetabbo, vūpakāsāpetabbo, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā.

Spiritual support, etc.

“If the teacher becomes discontent with the spiritual life, the pupil should send him away or have him sent away, or he should give him a teaching.

Sace ācariyassa kukkuccaṁ uppannaṁ hoti, antevāsikena vinodetabbaṁ, vinodāpetabbaṁ, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā. Sace ācariyassa diṭṭhigataṁ uppannaṁ hoti, antevāsikena vivecetabbaṁ, vivecāpetabbaṁ, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā. Sace ācariyo garudhammaṁ ajjhāpanno hoti, parivāsāraho, antevāsikena ussukkaṁ kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho saṅgho ācariyassa parivāsaṁ dadeyyāti. Sace ācariyo mūlāyapaṭikassanāraho hoti, antevāsikena ussukkaṁ kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho saṅgho ācariyaṁ mūlāya paṭikasseyyāti. Sace ācariyo mānattāraho hoti, antevāsikena ussukkaṁ kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho saṅgho ācariyassa mānattaṁ dadeyyāti. Sace ācariyo abbhānāraho hoti, antevāsikena ussukkaṁ kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho saṅgho ācariyaṁ abbheyyāti. Sace saṅgho ācariyassa kammaṁ kattukāmo hoti, tajjanīyaṁ vā niyassaṁ vā pabbājanīyaṁ vā paṭisāraṇīyaṁ vā ukkhepanīyaṁ vā, antevāsikena ussukkaṁ kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho saṅgho ācariyassa kammaṁ na kareyya, lahukāya vā pariṇāmeyyāti. Kataṁ vā panassa hoti saṅghena kammaṁ, tajjanīyaṁ vā niyassaṁ vā pabbājanīyaṁ vā paṭisāraṇīyaṁ vā ukkhepanīyaṁ vā, antevāsikena ussukkaṁ kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho ācariyo sammā vatteyya, lomaṁ pāteyya, netthāraṁ vatteyya, saṅgho taṁ kammaṁ paṭippassambheyyāti. Sace ācariyassa cīvaraṁ dhovitabbaṁ hoti, antevāsikena dhovitabbaṁ, ussukkaṁ vā kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho ācariyassa cīvaraṁ dhoviyethāti. Sace ācariyassa cīvaraṁ kātabbaṁ hoti, antevāsikena kātabbaṁ, ussukkaṁ vā kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho ācariyassa cīvaraṁ kariyethāti. Sace ācariyassa rajanaṁ pacitabbaṁ hoti, antevāsikena pacitabbaṁ, ussukkaṁ vā kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho ācariyassa rajanaṁ paciyethāti. Sace ācariyassa cīvaraṁ rajitabbaṁ hoti, antevāsikena rajitabbaṁ, ussukkaṁ vā kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho ācariyassa cīvaraṁ rajiyethāti. Cīvaraṁ rajantena sādhukaṁ samparivattakaṁ samparivattakaṁ rajitabbaṁ, na ca acchinne theve pakkamitabbaṁ. Na ācariyaṁ anāpucchā ekaccassa patto dātabbo, na ekaccassa patto paṭiggahetabbo; na ekaccassa cīvaraṁ dātabbaṁ, na ekaccassa cīvaraṁ paṭiggahetabbaṁ; na ekaccassa parikkhāro dātabbo, na ekaccassa parikkhāro paṭiggahetabbo; na ekaccassa kesā cheditabbā, na ekaccena kesā chedāpetabbā; na ekaccassa parikammaṁ kātabbaṁ, na ekaccena parikammaṁ kārāpetabbaṁ; na ekaccassa veyyāvacco kātabbo, na ekaccena veyyāvacco kārāpetabbo; na ekaccassa pacchāsamaṇena hotabbaṁ, na ekacco pacchāsamaṇo ādātabbo; na ekaccassa piṇḍapāto nīharitabbo, na ekaccena piṇḍapāto nīharāpetabbo; na ācariyaṁ anāpucchā gāmo pavisitabbo; na susānaṁ gantabbaṁ; na disā pakkamitabbā. Sace ācariyo gilāno hoti, yāvajīvaṁ upaṭṭhātabbo, vuṭṭhānamassa āgametabbaṁ. Idaṁ kho, bhikkhave, antevāsikānaṁ ācariyesu vattaṁ yathā antevāsikehi ācariyesu sammā vattitabban”ti.

If the teacher becomes anxious, the pupil should dispel it or have it dispelled, or he should give him a teaching. If the teacher has wrong view, the pupil should make him give it up or have someone else do it, or he should give him a teaching. If the teacher has committed a heavy offense and deserves probation, the pupil should try to get the Sangha to give it to him. If the teacher has committed a heavy offense and deserves to be sent back to the beginning, the pupil should try to get the Sangha to do it. If the teacher has committed a heavy offense and deserves the trial period, the pupil should try to get the Sangha to give it to him. If the teacher has committed a heavy offense and deserves rehabilitation, the pupil should try to get the Sangha to give it to him. If the Sangha wants to do a legal procedure against his teacher—whether a procedure of censure, demotion, banishment, reconciliation, or ejection— the pupil should make an effort to stop it or to reduce the penalty. But if the Sangha has already done a legal procedure against his teacher—whether a procedure of censure, demotion, banishment, reconciliation, or ejection— the pupil should help the teacher conduct himself properly and suitably so as to deserve to be released, and try to get the Sangha to lift that procedure. If the teacher’s robe needs washing, the pupil should do it himself, or he should make an effort to get it done. If the teacher needs a robe, the pupil should make one himself, or he should make an effort to get one made. If the teacher needs dye, the pupil should make it himself, or he should make an effort to get it made. If the teacher’s robe needs dyeing, the pupil should do it himself, or he should make an effort to get it done. When he’s dyeing the robe, he should carefully and repeatedly turn it over, and shouldn’t go away while it’s still dripping. Without asking his teacher for permission, he shouldn’t do any of the following: give away or receive a bowl; give away or receive a robe; give away or receive a requisite; cut anyone’s hair or get it cut; provide assistance to anyone or have assistance provided by anyone; do a service for anyone or get a service done by anyone; be the attendant monk for anyone or take anyone as his attendant monk; bring back almsfood for anyone or get almsfood brought back by anyone; enter the village, go to the charnel ground, or leave for another region. If his teacher is sick, he should nurse him for as long as he lives or wait until he has recovered. This is the proper conduct of a pupil toward his teacher.”

14. Antevāsikavattakathā

Tena kho pana samayena ācariyā antevāsikesu na sammā vattanti.

14. Discussion of the proper conduct toward a pupil

At that time the teachers were not conducting themselves properly toward their pupils.

Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti— “kathañhi nāma ācariyā antevāsikesu na sammā vattissantī”ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṁ sannipātāpetvā bhikkhū paṭipucchi— “saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, ācariyā antevāsikesu na sammā vattantī”ti? “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti …pe… vigarahitvā …pe… dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi— “Tena hi, bhikkhave, ācariyānaṁ antevāsikesu vattaṁ paññapessāmi yathā ācariyehi antevāsikesu sammā vattitabbaṁ. Ācariyena, bhikkhave, antevāsikamhi sammā vattitabbaṁ. Tatrāyaṁ sammāvattanā— Ācariyena, bhikkhave, antevāsiko saṅgahetabbo anuggahetabbo uddesena paripucchāya ovādena anusāsaniyā. Sace ācariyassa patto hoti, antevāsikassa patto na hoti, ācariyena antevāsikassa patto dātabbo, ussukkaṁ vā kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho antevāsikassa patto uppajjiyethāti. Sace ācariyassa cīvaraṁ hoti, antevāsikassa cīvaraṁ na hoti, ācariyena antevāsikassa cīvaraṁ dātabbaṁ, ussukkaṁ vā kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho antevāsikassa cīvaraṁ uppajjiyethāti. Sace ācariyassa parikkhāro hoti, antevāsikassa parikkhāro na hoti, ācariyena antevāsikassa parikkhāro dātabbo, ussukkaṁ vā kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho antevāsikassa parikkhāro uppajjiyethāti.

The monks of few desires complained and criticized them, “How can the teachers not conduct themselves properly toward their pupils?” They told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks: “Is it true, monks, that the teachers are not conducting themselves properly toward their pupils?” “It’s true, sir.” … After rebuking them … the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: “Well then, I’ll lay down the proper conduct for a teacher toward his pupil. A teacher should conduct himself properly toward his pupil. This is the proper conduct: A teacher should help and take care of his pupil through recitation, questioning, and instruction. If the teacher has a bowl, but not the pupil, the teacher should give it to him, or he should make an effort to get him one. If the teacher has a robe, but not the pupil, the teacher should give it to him, or he should make an effort to get him one. If the teacher has a requisite, but not the pupil, the teacher should give it to him, or he should make an effort to get him one.”

Sace antevāsiko gilāno hoti, kālasseva uṭṭhāya dantakaṭṭhaṁ dātabbaṁ, mukhodakaṁ dātabbaṁ, āsanaṁ paññapetabbaṁ.

Meals and almsround

“If the pupil is sick, the teacher should get up at the appropriate time and give his pupil a tooth cleaner and water for rinsing the mouth, and he should prepare a seat for him.

Sace yāgu hoti, bhājanaṁ dhovitvā yāgu upanāmetabbā. Yāguṁ pītassa udakaṁ datvā bhājanaṁ paṭiggahetvā nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena dhovitvā paṭisāmetabbaṁ. Antevāsikamhi vuṭṭhite āsanaṁ uddharitabbaṁ. Sace so deso uklāpo hoti, so deso sammajjitabbo. Sace antevāsiko gāmaṁ pavisitukāmo hoti, nivāsanaṁ dātabbaṁ, paṭinivāsanaṁ paṭiggahetabbaṁ, kāyabandhanaṁ dātabbaṁ, saguṇaṁ katvā saṅghāṭiyo dātabbā, dhovitvā patto sodako dātabbo. Ettāvatā nivattissatīti āsanaṁ paññapetabbaṁ, pādodakaṁ pādapīṭhaṁ pādakathalikaṁ upanikkhipitabbaṁ, paccuggantvā pattacīvaraṁ paṭiggahetabbaṁ, paṭinivāsanaṁ dātabbaṁ, nivāsanaṁ paṭiggahetabbaṁ. Sace cīvaraṁ sinnaṁ hoti, muhuttaṁ uṇhe otāpetabbaṁ, na ca uṇhe cīvaraṁ nidahitabbaṁ. Cīvaraṁ saṅgharitabbaṁ. Cīvaraṁ saṅgharantena caturaṅgulaṁ kaṇṇaṁ ussāretvā cīvaraṁ saṅgharitabbaṁ— mā majjhe bhaṅgo ahosīti. Obhoge kāyabandhanaṁ kātabbaṁ. Sace piṇḍapāto hoti, antevāsiko ca bhuñjitukāmo hoti, udakaṁ datvā piṇḍapāto upanāmetabbo. Antevāsiko pānīyena pucchitabbo. Bhuttāvissa udakaṁ datvā pattaṁ paṭiggahetvā nīcaṁ katvā sādhukaṁ appaṭighaṁsantena dhovitvā vodakaṁ katvā muhuttaṁ uṇhe otāpetabbo, na ca uṇhe patto nidahitabbo. Pattacīvaraṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ. Pattaṁ nikkhipantena …pe… cīvaraṁ nikkhipantena …pe… pārato antaṁ orato bhogaṁ katvā cīvaraṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ. Antevāsikamhi uṭṭhite āsanaṁ uddharitabbaṁ, pādodakaṁ pādapīṭhaṁ pādakathalikaṁ paṭisāmetabbaṁ. Sace so deso uklāpo hoti, so deso sammajjitabbo.

If there’s congee, he should rinse a vessel and bring the congee to his pupil. When he has drunk the congee, the teacher should give him water and receive the vessel. Holding it low, he should wash it carefully without scratching it and then put it away. When the pupil has gotten up, the teacher should put away the seat. If the place is dirty, he should sweep it. If the pupil wants to enter the village, the teacher should give him a sarong and receive the one he’s wearing in return. He should give him a belt. He should put the upper robes together, overlapping each other edge-to-edge, and then give them to him. He should rinse his pupil’s bowl and give it to him while wet. Before he’s due back, the teacher should prepare a seat and set out a foot stool, a foot scraper, and water for washing the feet. He should go out to meet the pupil and receive his bowl and robe. He should give him a sarong and receive the one he’s wearing in return. If the robe is damp, he should sun it for a short while, but shouldn’t leave it in the heat. He should fold the robe, offsetting the edges by seven centimeters, so that the fold doesn’t become worn. He should place the belt in the fold. If there’s almsfood and his pupil wants to eat, the teacher should give him water and then the almsfood. He should ask his pupil if he wants water to drink. When the pupil has eaten, the teacher should give him water and receive his bowl. Holding it low, he should wash it carefully without scratching it. He should then dry it and sun it for a short while, but shouldn’t leave it in the heat. The teacher should put away the robe and bowl. When putting away the bowl, he should hold the bowl in one hand, feel under the bed or the bench with the other, and then put it away. He shouldn’t put the bowl away on the bare floor. When putting away the robe, he should hold the robe in one hand, wipe the bamboo robe rack or the clothesline with the other, and then put it away by folding the robe over it, making the ends face the wall and the fold face out. When the pupil has gotten up, the teacher should put away the seat and also the foot stool, the foot scraper, and the water for washing the feet. If the place is dirty, he should sweep it.”

Sace antevāsiko nahāyitukāmo hoti, nahānaṁ paṭiyādetabbaṁ.

Bathing

“If the pupil wants to bathe, the teacher should prepare a bath.

Sace sītena attho hoti, sītaṁ paṭiyādetabbaṁ. Sace uṇhena attho hoti, uṇhaṁ paṭiyādetabbaṁ. Sace antevāsiko jantāgharaṁ pavisitukāmo hoti, cuṇṇaṁ sannetabbaṁ, mattikā temetabbā, jantāgharapīṭhaṁ ādāya gantvā jantāgharapīṭhaṁ datvā cīvaraṁ paṭiggahetvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ, cuṇṇaṁ dātabbaṁ, mattikā dātabbā. Sace ussahati jantāgharaṁ pavisitabbaṁ. Jantāgharaṁ pavisantena mattikāya mukhaṁ makkhetvā purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharaṁ pavisitabbaṁ. Na there bhikkhū anupakhajja nisīditabbaṁ. Na navā bhikkhū āsanena paṭibāhitabbā. Jantāghare antevāsikassa parikammaṁ kātabbaṁ. Jantāgharā nikkhamantena jantāgharapīṭhaṁ ādāya purato ca pacchato ca paṭicchādetvā jantāgharā nikkhamitabbaṁ. Udakepi antevāsikassa parikammaṁ kātabbaṁ. Nahātena paṭhamataraṁ uttaritvā attano gattaṁ vodakaṁ katvā nivāsetvā antevāsikassa gattato udakaṁ pamajjitabbaṁ, nivāsanaṁ dātabbaṁ, saṅghāṭi dātabbā, jantāgharapīṭhaṁ ādāya paṭhamataraṁ āgantvā āsanaṁ paññapetabbaṁ, pādodakaṁ pādapīṭhaṁ pādakathalikaṁ upanikkhipitabbaṁ, antevāsiko pānīyena pucchitabbo.

If he wants a cold bath, he should prepare that; if he wants a hot bath, he should prepare that. If the pupil wants to take a sauna, the teacher should knead bath powder, moisten the clay, take a sauna bench, and go to the sauna. After giving his pupil the sauna bench, receiving his robe, and putting it aside, he should give him the bath powder and the clay. If he’s able, he should enter the sauna. When entering the sauna, he should smear his face with clay, cover himself front and back, and then enter. He shouldn’t sit encroaching on the senior monks, or block the junior monks from getting a seat. While in the sauna, he should provide assistance to his pupil. When leaving the sauna, he should take the sauna bench, cover himself front and back, and then leave. The teacher should also provide assistance to his pupil in the water. When the teacher has bathed, he should be the first to come out. He should dry himself and put on his sarong. He should then wipe the water off his pupil’s body, and he should give him his sarong and then his upper robe. Taking the sauna bench, he should be the first to return. He should prepare a seat, and also set out a foot stool, a foot scraper, and water for washing the feet. He should ask his pupil if he wants water to drink.”

Yasmiṁ vihāre antevāsiko viharati, sace so vihāro uklāpo hoti, sace ussahati, sodhetabbo.

The dwelling

“If the dwelling where the pupil is staying is dirty, the teacher should clean it if he’s able.

Vihāraṁ sodhentena paṭhamaṁ pattacīvaraṁ nīharitvā ekamantaṁ nikkhipitabbaṁ …pe… ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṁ na hoti, ācamanakumbhiyā udakaṁ āsiñcitabbaṁ.

When he’s cleaning the dwelling, he should first take out the bowl and robe and put them aside. He should take out the sitting mat and the sheet and put them aside. He should take out the mattress and the pillow and put them aside. Holding the bed low, he should carefully take it out without scratching it or knocking it against the door or the door frame, and he should put it aside. Holding the bench low, he should carefully take it out without scratching it or knocking it against the door or the door frame, and he should put it aside. He should take out the bed supports and put them aside. He should take out the spittoon and put it aside. He should take out the leaning board and put it aside. After taking note of its position, he should take out the floor cover and put it aside. If the dwelling has cobwebs, he should first remove them from the ceiling cloth, and he should then wipe the windows and the corners of the room. If the walls have been treated with red ocher and they’re moldy, he should moisten a cloth, wring it out, and wipe the walls. If the floor has been treated with a black finish and it’s moldy, he should moisten a cloth, wring it out, and wipe the floor. If the floor is untreated, he should sprinkle it with water and then sweep it, trying to avoid stirring up dust. He should look out for any trash and discard it. He should sun the floor cover, clean it, beat it, bring it back inside, and put it back as before. He should sun the bed supports, wipe them, bring them back inside, and put them back as before. He should sun the bed, clean it, and beat it. Holding it low, he should carefully bring it back inside without scratching it or knocking it against the door or the door frame, and he should put it back as before. He should sun the bench, clean it, and beat it. Holding it low, he should carefully bring it back inside without scratching it or knocking it against the door or the door frame, and he should put it back as before. He should sun the mattress and the pillow, clean them, beat them, bring them back inside, and put them back as before. He should sun the sitting mat and the sheet, clean them, beat them, bring them back inside, and put them back as before. He should sun the spittoon, wipe it, bring it back inside, and put it back where it was. He should sun the leaning board, wipe it, bring it back inside, and put it back where it was. He should put away the bowl and robe. When putting away the bowl, he should hold the bowl in one hand, feel under the bed or the bench with the other, and then put it away. He shouldn’t put the bowl away on the bare floor. When putting away the robe, he should hold the robe in one hand, wipe the bamboo robe rack or the clothesline with the other, and then put it away by folding the robe over it, making the ends face the wall and the fold face out. If dusty winds are blowing from the east, he should close the windows on the eastern side. If dusty winds are blowing from the west, he should close the windows on the western side. If dusty winds are blowing from the north, he should close the windows on the northern side. If dusty winds are blowing from the south, he should close the windows on the southern side. If the weather is cold, he should open the windows during the day and close them at night. If the weather is hot, he should close the windows during the day and open them at night. If the yard is dirty, he should sweep it. If the gateway is dirty, he should sweep it. If the assembly hall is dirty, he should sweep it. If the water-boiling shed is dirty, he should sweep it. If the restroom is dirty, he should sweep it. If there’s no water for drinking, he should get some. If there’s no water for washing, he should get some. If there’s no water in the restroom ablutions pot, he should fill it.”

Sace antevāsikassa anabhirati uppannā hoti, ācariyena vūpakāsetabbo, vūpakāsāpetabbo, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā.

Spiritual support, etc.

“If the pupil becomes discontent with the spiritual life, the teacher should send him away or have him sent away, or he should give him a teaching.

Sace antevāsikassa kukkuccaṁ uppannaṁ hoti, ācariyena vinodetabbaṁ, vinodāpetabbaṁ, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā. Sace antevāsikassa diṭṭhigataṁ uppannaṁ hoti, ācariyena vivecetabbaṁ, vivecāpetabbaṁ, dhammakathā vāssa kātabbā. Sace antevāsiko garudhammaṁ ajjhāpanno hoti, parivāsāraho, ācariyena ussukkaṁ kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho saṅgho antevāsikassa parivāsaṁ dadeyyāti. Sace antevāsiko mūlāyapaṭikassanāraho hoti, ācariyena ussukkaṁ kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho saṅgho antevāsikaṁ mūlāya paṭikasseyyāti. Sace antevāsiko mānattāraho hoti, ācariyena ussukkaṁ kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho saṅgho antevāsikassa mānattaṁ dadeyyāti. Sace antevāsiko abbhānāraho hoti, ācariyena ussukkaṁ kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho saṅgho antevāsikaṁ abbheyyāti. Sace saṅgho antevāsikassa kammaṁ kattukāmo hoti, tajjanīyaṁ vā niyassaṁ vā pabbājanīyaṁ vā paṭisāraṇīyaṁ vā ukkhepanīyaṁ vā, ācariyena ussukkaṁ kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho saṅgho antevāsikassa kammaṁ na kareyya, lahukāya vā pariṇāmeyyāti. Kataṁ vā panassa hoti, saṅghena kammaṁ, tajjanīyaṁ vā niyassaṁ vā pabbājanīyaṁ vā paṭisāraṇīyaṁ vā ukkhepanīyaṁ vā, ācariyena ussukkaṁ kātabbaṁ— kinti nu kho antevāsiko sammā vatteyya, lomaṁ pāteyya, netthāraṁ vatteyya, saṅgho taṁ kammaṁ paṭippassambheyyāti. Sace antevāsikassa cīvaraṁ dhovitabbaṁ hoti, ācariyena ācikkhitabbaṁ—evaṁ dhoveyyāsīti, ussukkaṁ vā kātabbaṁ—kinti nu kho antevāsikassa cīvaraṁ dhoviyethāti. Sace antevāsikassa cīvaraṁ kātabbaṁ hoti, ācariyena ācikkhitabbaṁ—evaṁ kareyyāsīti, ussukkaṁ vā kātabbaṁ—kinti nu kho antevāsikassa cīvaraṁ kariyethāti. Sace antevāsikassa rajanaṁ pacitabbaṁ hoti, ācariyena ācikkhitabbaṁ—evaṁ paceyyāsīti, ussukkaṁ vā kātabbaṁ—kinti nu kho antevāsikassa rajanaṁ paciyethāti. Sace antevāsikassa cīvaraṁ rajitabbaṁ hoti, ācariyena ācikkhitabbaṁ—evaṁ rajeyyāsīti, ussukkaṁ vā kātabbaṁ—kinti nu kho antevāsikassa cīvaraṁ rajiyethāti. Cīvaraṁ rajantena sādhukaṁ samparivattakaṁ samparivattakaṁ rajitabbaṁ. Na ca acchinne theve pakkamitabbaṁ. Sace antevāsiko gilāno hoti, yāvajīvaṁ upaṭṭhātabbo, vuṭṭhānamassa āgametabbaṁ. Idaṁ kho, bhikkhave, ācariyānaṁ antevāsikesu vattaṁ yathā ācariyehi antevāsikesu sammā vattitabban”ti.

If the pupil becomes anxious, the teacher should dispel it or have it dispelled, or he should give him a teaching. If the pupil has wrong view, the teacher should make him give it up or have someone else do it, or he should give him a teaching. If the pupil has committed a heavy offense and deserves probation, the teacher should try to get the Sangha to give it to him. If the pupil has committed a heavy offense and deserves to be sent back to the beginning, the teacher should try to get the Sangha to do it. If the pupil has committed a heavy offense and deserves the trial period, the teacher should try to get the Sangha to give it to him. If the pupil has committed a heavy offense and deserves rehabilitation, the teacher should try to get the Sangha to give it to him. If the Sangha wants to do a legal procedure against his pupil—whether a procedure of censure, demotion, banishment, reconciliation, or ejection— the teacher should make an effort to stop it or to reduce the penalty. But if the Sangha has already done a legal procedure against his pupil—whether a procedure of censure, demotion, banishment, reconciliation, or ejection— the teacher should help the pupil conduct himself properly and suitably so as to deserve to be released, and try to get the Sangha to lift that procedure. If the pupil’s robe needs washing, the teacher should show him how to do it, or he should make an effort to get it done. If the pupil needs a robe, the teacher should show him how to make one, or he should make an effort to get one made. If the pupil needs dye, the teacher should show him how to make it, or he should make an effort to get it made. If the pupil’s robe needs dyeing, the teacher should show him how to do it, or he should make an effort to get it done. When he’s dyeing the robe, he should carefully and repeatedly turn it over, and shouldn’t go away while it’s still dripping. If his pupil is sick, he should nurse him for as long as he lives or wait until he has recovered. This is the proper conduct of a teacher toward his pupil.”