Bu Np 21

21. Pattasikkhāpada

Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū bahū patte sannicayaṁ karonti. Manussā vihāracārikaṁ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti— “kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā bahū patte sannicayaṁ karissanti, pattavāṇijjaṁ vā samaṇā sakyaputtiyā karissanti āmattikāpaṇaṁ vā pasāressantī”ti. Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tesaṁ manussānaṁ ujjhāyantānaṁ khiyyantānaṁ vipācentānaṁ. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti— “kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū atirekapattaṁ dhāressantī”ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū chabbaggiye bhikkhū anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe… “saccaṁ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, atirekapattaṁ dhārethā”ti? “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe… kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, atirekapattaṁ dhāressatha. Netaṁ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—

Keeping an extra almsbowl beyond ten days Origin story First substory

At one time when the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery, the monks from the group of six were storing up many almsbowls. When people walking about the dwellings saw this, they complained and criticized them, “How can the Sakyan monastics store up many bowls? Are they starting up as bowl merchants or setting up a bowl shop?” The monks heard the complaints of those people, and the monks of few desires complained and criticized those monks, “How can the monks from the group of six keep extra bowls?” After rebuking those monks in many ways, they told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks: “Is it true, monks, that you do this?” “It’s true, sir.” The Buddha rebuked them … “Foolish men, how can you do this? This will affect people’s confidence …” … “And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

“Yo pana bhikkhu atirekapattaṁ dhāreyya, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyan”ti.

Preliminary ruling

‘If a monk keeps an extra almsbowl, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.’”

Evañcidaṁ bhagavatā bhikkhūnaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ hoti.

In this way the Buddha laid down this training rule for the monks.

Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato ānandassa atirekapatto uppanno hoti. Āyasmā ca ānando taṁ pattaṁ āyasmato sāriputtassa dātukāmo hoti. Āyasmā ca sāriputto sākete viharati. Atha kho āyasmato ānandassa etadahosi— “bhagavatā sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ— ‘na atirekapatto dhāretabbo’ti. Ayañca me atirekapatto uppanno. Ahañcimaṁ pattaṁ āyasmato sāriputtassa dātukāmo. Āyasmā ca sāriputto sākete viharati. Kathaṁ nu kho mayā paṭipajjitabban”ti? Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesi. “Kīvaciraṁ panānanda, sāriputto āgacchissatī”ti? “Navamaṁ vā, bhagavā, divasaṁ dasamaṁ vā”ti. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi— “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dasāhaparamaṁ atirekapattaṁ dhāretuṁ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—

Second substory

Soon afterwards Venerable Ānanda was offered an extra bowl. He wanted to give it to Venerable Sāriputta, who was staying at Sāketa. Knowing that the Buddha had laid down a rule against keeping an extra bowl, Venerable Ānanda thought, “What should I do now?” He told the Buddha, who said, “How long is it, Ānanda, before Sāriputta returns?” “Nine or ten days, venerable sir.” Soon afterwards the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: “Monks, you should keep an extra almsbowl for ten days at the most. And so, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

“Dasāhaparamaṁ atirekapatto dhāretabbo. Taṁ atikkāmayato nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyan”ti.

Final ruling

‘A monk should keep an extra almsbowl for ten days at the most. If he keeps it longer than that, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.’”

Dasāhaparamanti dasāhaparamatā dhāretabbo. Atirekapatto nāma anadhiṭṭhito avikappito. Patto nāma dve pattā ayopatto mattikāpattoti. Tayo pattassa vaṇṇā ukkaṭṭho patto majjhimo patto omako patto. Ukkaṭṭho nāma patto aḍḍhāḷhakodanaṁ gaṇhāti catubhāgaṁ khādanaṁ tadupiyaṁ byañjanaṁ. Majjhimo nāma patto nāḷikodanaṁ gaṇhāti catubhāgaṁ khādanaṁ tadupiyaṁ byañjanaṁ. Omako nāma patto patthodanaṁ gaṇhāti catubhāgaṁ khādanaṁ tadupiyaṁ byañjanaṁ. Tato ukkaṭṭho apatto, omako apatto. Taṁ atikkāmayato nissaggiyo hotīti ekādase aruṇuggamane nissaggiyo hoti. Nissajjitabbo saṅghassa vā gaṇassa vā puggalassa vā. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, nissajjitabbo. Tena bhikkhunā saṅghaṁ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṁsaṁ uttarāsaṅgaṁ karitvā vuḍḍhānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṁ nisīditvā añjaliṁ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo— “ayaṁ me, bhante, patto dasāhātikkanto nissaggiyo. Imāhaṁ saṅghassa nissajjāmī”ti. Nissajjitvā āpatti desetabbā. Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena āpatti paṭiggahetabbā, nissaṭṭhapatto dātabbo— “Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Ayaṁ patto itthannāmassa bhikkhuno nissaggiyo saṅghassa nissaṭṭho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṁ, saṅgho imaṁ pattaṁ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno dadeyyā”ti. Tena bhikkhunā sambahule bhikkhū upasaṅkamitvā ekaṁsaṁ uttarāsaṅgaṁ karitvā vuḍḍhānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṁ nisīditvā añjaliṁ paggahetvā evamassu vacanīyā— “ayaṁ me, bhante, patto dasāhātikkanto nissaggiyo. Imāhaṁ āyasmantānaṁ nissajjāmī”ti. Nissajjitvā āpatti desetabbā. Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena āpatti paṭiggahetabbā, nissaṭṭhapatto dātabbo— “Suṇantu me āyasmantā. Ayaṁ patto itthannāmassa bhikkhuno nissaggiyo āyasmantānaṁ nissaṭṭho. Yadāyasmantānaṁ pattakallaṁ, āyasmantā imaṁ pattaṁ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno dadeyyun”ti. Tena bhikkhunā ekaṁ bhikkhuṁ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṁsaṁ uttarāsaṅgaṁ karitvā ukkuṭikaṁ nisīditvā añjaliṁ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo— “ayaṁ me, āvuso, patto dasāhātikkanto nissaggiyo. Imāhaṁ āyasmato nissajjāmī”ti. Nissajjitvā āpatti desetabbā. Tena bhikkhunā āpatti paṭiggahetabbā, nissaṭṭhapatto dātabbo— “imaṁ pattaṁ āyasmato dammī”ti.

Definitions

For ten days at the most: it should be kept ten days at a maximum. An extra almsbowl: a bowl that is not determined, nor assigned to another. An almsbowl: there are two kinds of bowls: the iron bowl and the ceramic bowl. And there are three sizes of bowls: the large bowl, the medium bowl, and the small bowl. The large bowl: it holds half an āḷhaka measure of cooked rice, a fourth part of fresh food, and a suitable amount of curry. The medium bowl: it holds a nāḷika measure of cooked rice, a fourth part of fresh food, and a suitable amount of curry. The small bowl: it holds a pattha measure of cooked rice, a fourth part of fresh food, and a suitable amount of curry. Anything larger than this is not a bowl, nor anything smaller. If he keeps it longer than that, it becomes subject to relinquishment: it becomes subject to relinquishment at dawn on the eleventh day. The bowl should be relinquished to a sangha, a group, or an individual. “And, monks, it should be relinquished like this. After approaching the Sangha, that monk should arrange his upper robe over one shoulder and pay respect at the feet of the senior monks. He should then squat on his heels, raise his joined palms, and say, ‘Venerables, this almsbowl, which I have kept over ten days, is to be relinquished. I relinquish it to the Sangha.’” After relinquishing it, he should confess the offense. The confession should be received by a competent and capable monk. The relinquished bowl is then to be given back: “Please, venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen. This almsbowl, which was to be relinquished by monk so-and-so, has been relinquished to the Sangha. If the Sangha is ready, it should give this bowl back to monk so-and-so.” Or: after approaching several monks, that monk should arrange his upper robe over one shoulder and pay respect at the feet of the senior monks. He should then squat on his heels, raise his joined palms, and say: “Venerables, this almsbowl, which I have kept over ten days, is to be relinquished. I relinquish it to you.” After relinquishing it, he should confess the offense. The confession should be received by a competent and capable monk. The relinquished bowl is then to be given back: “Please, venerables, I ask you to listen. This almsbowl, which was to be relinquished by monk so-and-so, has been relinquished to you. If the venerables are ready, you should give this bowl back to monk so-and-so.” Or: after approaching a single monk, that monk should arrange his upper robe over one shoulder, squat on his heels, raise his joined palms, and say: “This almsbowl, which I have kept over ten days, is to be relinquished. I relinquish it to you.” After relinquishing it, he should confess the offense. The confession should be received by that monk. The relinquished bowl is then to be given back: “I give this almsbowl back to you.”

Dasāhātikkante atikkantasaññī, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ.

Permutations

If it is more than ten days and he perceives it as more, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.

Dasāhātikkante vematiko, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ. Dasāhātikkante anatikkantasaññī, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ. Anadhiṭṭhite adhiṭṭhitasaññī, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ. Avikappite vikappitasaññī, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ. Avissajjite vissajjitasaññī, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ. Anaṭṭhe naṭṭhasaññī nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ. Avinaṭṭhe vinaṭṭhasaññī, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ. Abhinne bhinnasaññī, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ. Avilutte viluttasaññī, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ. Nissaggiyaṁ pattaṁ anissajjitvā paribhuñjati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Dasāhānatikkante atikkantasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Dasāhānatikkante vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Dasāhānatikkante anatikkantasaññī, anāpatti.

If it is more than ten days, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession. If it is more than ten days, but he perceives it as less, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession. If it has not been determined, but he perceives that it has, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession. If it has not been assigned to another, but he perceives that it has, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession. If it has not been given away, but he perceives that it has, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession. If it has not been lost, but he perceives that it has, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession. If it has not been destroyed, but he perceives that it has, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession. If it has not been broken, but he perceives that it has, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession. If it has not been stolen, but he perceives that it has, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession. If he uses an almsbowl that should be relinquished without first relinquishing it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. If it is less than ten days, but he perceives it as more, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. If it is less than ten days, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. If it is less than ten days and he perceives it as less, there is no offense.

Anāpatti—

Non-offenses

There is no offense:

antodasāhaṁ adhiṭṭheti, vikappeti, vissajjeti, nassati, vinassati, bhijjati, acchinditvā gaṇhanti, vissāsaṁ gaṇhanti, ummattakassa, ādikammikassāti.

if, within ten days, it has been determined, assigned to another, given away, lost, destroyed, broken, stolen, or taken on trust; if he is insane; if he is the first offender.

Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū nissaṭṭhapattaṁ na denti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ. “Na, bhikkhave, nissaṭṭhapatto na dātabbo. Yo na dadeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā”ti.

Soon afterwards the monks from the group of six did not give back a relinquished bowl. They told the Buddha. “Monks, a relinquished almsbowl should be given back. If you don’t give it back, you commit an offense of wrong conduct.”