Bereshit Rabbah 29

וְנֹחַ מָצָא חֵן בְּעֵינֵי ה' (בראשית ו, ח), כְּתִיב (איוב כב, ל): יְמַלֵּט אִי נָקִי וְנִמְלַט בְּבֹר כַּפֶּיךָ, אָמַר רַבִּי חֲנִינָא אִינוֹנִיתָא אוּנְקִיָא אַחַת הָיְתָה בְּיַד נֹחַ, אִם כֵּן לָמָּה נִמְלַט, אֶלָּא בְּבֹר כַּפֶּיךָ אַתְיָא כְּהַהִיא דְּאָמַר רַבִּי אַבָּא בַּר כַּהֲנָא כִּי נִחַמְתִּי כִּי עֲשִׂיתִם וְנֹחַ, אֲפִלּוּ נֹחַ שֶׁנִּשְׁתַּיֵּיר מֵהֶן לֹא הָיָה כְּדַאי אֶלָּא שֶׁמָּצָא חֵן בְּעֵינֵי ה', שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וְנֹחַ מָצָא חֵן בְּעֵינֵי ה'.

“But Noah found favor in the eyes of the Lord” (Genesis 6:8). “But Noah found favor in the eyes of the Lord.” It is written: “He will rescue the unclean [i-naki], and he will escape by the pureness of Your hands” (Job 22:30). Rabbi Ḥanina of Anatot said: Noah had [only] one ounce [onkia] of virtue to his credit. If so, why was he spared? It was “by the pureness of Your hands.” This is in accordance with what Rabbi Abba bar Kahana said: “For I regret that I made them, and Noah…” (Genesis 6:7–8) – even Noah, who [alone] remained from them, it is not that he was worthy, but rather that he found favor in the eyes of the Lord, as it is stated: “But Noah found favor in the eyes of the Lord.”

רַבִּי סִימוֹן פָּתַח (ישעיה סה, ח): כֹּה אָמַר ה' כַּאֲשֶׁר יִמָּצֵא הַתִּירוֹשׁ בָּאֶשְׁכּוֹל וְאָמַר אַל תַּשְׁחִיתֵהוּ כִּי בְרָכָה בּוֹ, מַעֲשֶׂה בְּחָסִיד אֶחָד שֶׁיָּצָא לְכַרְמוֹ בְּשַׁבָּת וְרָאָה עוֹלֵלָה אַחַת וּבֵרַךְ עָלֶיהָ, אָמַר כְּדַאי הִיא הָעוֹלֵלָה הַזּוֹ שֶׁנְּבָרֵךְ עָלֶיהָ, כָּךְ כֹּה אָמַר ה' כַּאֲשֶׁר יִמָּצֵא הַתִּירוֹשׁ בָּאֶשְׁכּוֹל וגו'.

Rabbi Simon began: “So said the Lord: As when wine is found in a cluster and one says: Do not destroy it, as a blessing is in it” (Isaiah 65:8). There was an incident involving a certain pious man, who went out to his vineyard on Shabbat and saw a lone grape and recited a blessing over it. He said: This lone grape is worthy to recite a blessing over it! So too, “So said the Lord: As when wine is found in a cluster…”

אָמַר רַבִּי סִימוֹן שָׁלשׁ מְצִיאוֹת מָצָא הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, אַבְרָהָם, דִּכְתִיב (נחמיה ט, ח): וּמָצָאתָ אֶת לְבָבוֹ נֶאֱמָן לְפָנֶיךָ. דָּוִד, דִּכְתִיב (תהלים פט, כא): מָצָאתִי דָּוִד עַבְדִּי. יִשְׂרָאֵל, דִּכְתִיב (הושע ט, י): כַּעֲנָבִים בַּמִּדְבָּר מָצָאתִי יִשְׂרָאֵל. אֲתִיבוּן חַבְרַיָא לְרַבִּי סִימוֹן, וְהָא כְתִיב וְנֹחַ מָצָא חֵן, אֲמַר לְהוֹן הוּא מָצָא הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לֹא מָצָא. וְהָא כְתִיב (ירמיה לא, א): מָצָא חֵן בַּמִּדְבָּר, בִּזְכוּת דּוֹר הַמִּדְבָּר, וּמָצָאתָ אֶת לְבָבוֹ נֶאֱמָן לְפָנֶיךָ.

Rabbi Simon said: The Holy One blessed be He found three [precious] finds: Abraham, as it is written: “You found his heart faithful before You” (Nehemiah 9:8); David, as it is written: “I found David, My servant” (Psalms 89:21); Israel, as it is written: “Like grapes in the wilderness I found Israel” (Hosea 9:10). The students raised an objection to Rabbi Simon: But is it not written [also]: “But Noah found favor”? He said to them: He [Noah] found [favor], the Holy One blessed be He did not find [him]. But is it not written: “[Israel] found favor in the wilderness”? (Jeremiah 31:2). It is due to the merit of the generation of the Wilderness. (“You found his heart faithful before You.”)

רַבִּי הוּנָא וְרַבִּי פִּינְחָס וְרַבִּי חָנִין וְרַבִּי הוֹשַׁעְיָא לָא מְפָרְשִׁין, רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן וְרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן לָקִישׁ וְרַבָּנָן מְפָרְשִׁין. רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן אָמַר לְאֶחָד שֶׁהָיָה מְהַלֵּךְ בַּדֶּרֶךְ וְרָאָה אֶחָד וְדִבְּקוֹ, עַד הֵיכָן, עַד שֶׁקָּשַׁר עִמּוֹ אַהֲבָה. כָּךְ, נֶאֱמַר כָּאן חֵן, וְנֶאֱמַר לְהַלָּן (בראשית לט, ד): וַיִּמְצָא יוֹסֵף חֵן בְּעֵינָיו. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן לָקִישׁ אָמַר לְאֶחָד שֶׁהָיָה מְהַלֵּךְ וְרָאָה אֶחָד וְדִבְּקוֹ, עַד הֵיכָן עַד שֶׁהִשְׁלִיטוֹ. כָּךְ, נֶאֱמַר כָּאן חֵן, וְנֶאֱמַר לְהַלָּן (אסתר ב, טו): וַתְּהִי אֶסְתֵּר נֹשֵׂאת חֵן. רַבָּנָן אַמְרֵי לְאֶחָד שֶׁהָיָה מְהַלֵּךְ בַּדֶּרֶךְ וְרָאָה אֶחָד וְדִבְּקוֹ, עַד הֵיכָן, עַד שֶׁנָּתַן לוֹ אֶת בִּתּוֹ. כָּךְ, נֶאֱמַר כָּאן חֵן, וְנֶאֱמַר לְהַלָּן (זכריה יב, י): וְשָׁפַכְתִּי עַל בֵּית דָּוִיד וְעַל יוֹשֵׁב יְרוּשָׁלָיִם רוּחַ חֵן וְתַחֲנוּנִים, עַד הֵיכָן, עַד שֶׁהָיָה יוֹדֵעַ לְהַבְחִין אֵיזוֹ בְּהֵמָה נִיזוֹנֵת בִּשְׁתֵּי שָׁעוֹת בַּיּוֹם וְאֵיזוֹ נִיזוֹנֵת בְּשָׁלשׁ שָׁעוֹת בַּלַּיְלָה.

Rabbi Huna, Rabbi Pinḥas, Rabbi Ḥanin, and Rabbi Hoshaya do not disagree. Rabbi Yoḥanan, Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish, and the Rabbis do disagree. Rabbi Yoḥanan said: This is analogous to one who was walking on the road and he met someone and attached himself to him. To what extent? To the extent that he entered into a friendly relationship with him. So, “favor” is stated here, and it is stated elsewhere: “Joseph found favor in his eyes” (Genesis 39:4). Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish said: This is analogous to one who was walking on the road and he met someone and attached himself to him. To what extent? To the extent that he put him in charge. So, “favor” is stated here, and it is stated elsewhere: “Esther found favor in the eyes [of all who saw her]” (Esther 2:15). The Rabbis say: This is analogous to one who was walking on the road and he met someone and attached himself to him. To what extent? To the extent that he gave him his daughter [in marriage]. So, “favor” is stated here, and it is stated elsewhere: “I will pour a spirit of grace and supplication upon the house of David and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem” (Zechariah 12:10). To what extent? To the extent that he had the knowledge to ascertain which animal is fed in the second hour of the day and which is fed at the third hour of the night.

אָמַר רַבִּי סִימוֹן מָצִינוּ שֶׁהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא עוֹשֶׂה חֶסֶד עִם הָאַחֲרוֹנִים בִּזְכוּת הָרִאשׁוֹנִים, וּמִנַּיִן שֶׁהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא עוֹשֶׂה עִם הָרִאשׁוֹנִים בִּזְכוּת הָאַחֲרוֹנִים, וְנֹחַ מָצָא חֵן בְּעֵינֵי ה', בְּאֵיזוֹ זְכוּת בִּזְכוּת תּוֹלְדוֹתָיו.

Rabbi Simon said: We find that the Holy One blessed be He performs kindness for the descendants due to the merit of their progenitor. From where is it derived that the Holy One blessed be He performs [kindness] with the progenitor due to the merit of his descendants? “But Noah found favor in the eyes of the Lord” – by what merit? It is due to the merit of his descendants.