Rabbinic JudaismAvot D'Rabbi Natan 17HOLYMAP · SACRED TEXTS
Avot DeRabbi NatanAvot D'Rabbi Natan 17

Avot DeRabbi Natan

Avot D'Rabbi Natan 17

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English · David Kasher

Rabbi Yosei would say: Let your friend’s money be as precious to you as your own. (And set a plan for yourself to study Torah, because it does not simply come to you as an inheritance.)

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English · David Kasher

How so? This teaches that just as a person sees his own money, so should he see his friend’s money. And just as a person does not want people to speak ([badly]) about his finances, so should he not want people to speak (badly) about his friend’s finances. [Another interpretation of Let your friend’s money be as precious to you as your own:] How so? When a student enters your house (and says: Teach me), if you are able to teach him, teach him; if not, release him immediately, and do not take his money, as it says (Proverbs 3:28), “Do not say, Go, and come back tomorrow, and I will give it to you, when you have it on you.”

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English · David Kasher

Set a plan for yourself to study Torah. How so? When Moses our teacher saw [that his children] were not learned enough (in Torah) to be able to rise to leadership after him, he wrapped himself up and arose to pray. He said before God: Master of the World! Let me know who should come in and go out as the head of this people, as it says (Numbers 27:15–17), “Moses spoke to the Eternal, saying, Let the Eternal, the God of the spirits of all flesh, appoint a man over the congregation who will go out before them and come in before them.” The Holy Blessed One replied to Moses: Moses, [take Joshua for yourself. Then the Holy Blessed One said to Moses]: Go and find a disseminator for him, and have him give a teaching at the head of the great men of Israel. Immediately, Moses said to Joshua: Joshua, these that I turn over to you are not goats but kids, (and not sheep) but lambs. For they still have not taken on the mitzvot. They still have not become fully grown goats, as it says (Song of Songs 1:8), “If you do not know, most beautiful of women, go out and follow the footsteps of the flock, and graze your kids by the shepherd’s dwellings.”

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English · David Kasher

Once, Rabbi Yohanan ben Zakkai was walking through the marketplace and he saw a young woman who was collecting barley from under the legs of the animals of the Arabs. He said to her: My daughter, who are you? She was quiet. He said again: My daughter, who are you? She was quiet. Then she said to him: Wait one moment. She wrapped herself with her hair and sat in front of him and said: Rabbi, I am the daughter of Nakdimon ben Gurion. He said to her: So my daughter, where is all your father’s money? She said: Rabbi, isn’t it like what they say in Jerusalem: One who wants to preserve his fortune must give some of it up. (Or, as some say, must be kind.) He said to her: And what about your father-in-law’s household? She replied: One lost the fortunes of the other. Then Rabban Yohanan ben Zakkai said to his students: All my life, I have read this verse (from Song of Songs 1:8), “If you do not know, most beautiful of women, go out and follow the footsteps of the flock, and graze your kids by the shepherd’s dwellings.” But I did not understand [that there was a punishment in] it until what I saw today. Now I see that Israel will be punished by subjugation to a lowly nation [and not only to a lowly nation, but to the dung droppings of their animals]. Again she spoke to him and said: Rabbi, do you remember that you signed my marriage contract? He said: Yes. Then he said to his students: It is true that I signed this young woman’s marriage contract, which was worth a million golden Tyrian dinars. Her father’s family would not leave their house to enter the Temple unless a woolen rug was laid out for them.

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English · David Kasher

There is another story of a young woman who was captured – she and her ten maidservants, and a Samaritan took her and brought her up in his house. One day, he gave her a jug and said to her: Go out and fetch me some water. One of her maidservants got up and took the jug from her. The man said to [the maidservant]: What is this? She said: Master, I swear on your head, I was one of five hundred maidservants that this young woman’s mother had! When he heard these words, he freed the young woman and her ten maidservants.

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English · David Kasher

There is yet another story of a young woman who was captured, and a Samaritan took her and brought her up in his house. A dream interpreter came to him and said: Let this young woman go out of your house. But his wife said: Do not let her go! The dream interpreter came again and said to him: If you do not let this woman go, I will kill you! So he went and let her go. But he followed after her, saying: I will go and see what will become of this young woman. As she was walking along the road, she became thirsty and went down to drink water from a spring. When she placed her hand on the wall, a snake came out and bit her, and she died and began to float on the water. So he went down, and took her, and brought her up and buried her. He came back and said to his wife: This nation that you see suffers only the wrath of their Father in heaven.

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English · David Kasher

Let all your actions be for the sake of Heaven. Meaning, for the sake of Torah, as it says (Proverbs 3:6), “In all your ways, know [God], and He will straighten out your paths.”

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English · David Kasher

Rabbi Shimon would say: Be careful when you say the Shema and your prayers. And when you pray, do not make your prayer just a regular conversation, but a deep pleading before the Holy Blessed One, as it says (Jonah 4:2), “For You are a gracious and compassionate God, slow to anger, full of kindness and forgiving punishment.” Rabbi Eliezer would say: Be diligent in studying Torah, and know how to respond to a heretic, and do not forget one word of Torah. Know before whom you labor and with whom you have made your covenant, and know that He can be trusted to reward you for your actions.

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Avot DeRabbi Natan

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Public-domain Hebrew editions, digitized by Sefaria (sefaria.org). · Source ↗

Avot DeRabbi Natan, translated by David Kasher (2019). CC BY. Text from Sefaria (sefaria.org). · Source ↗

English translation: Avot DeRabbi Natan, translated by David Kasher (2019), via Sefaria (sefaria.org). Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). Changes: footnotes and HTML formatting removed.

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