The moment
Nazi Germany and its collaborators murdered about six million Jews, most of them between the invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941 and the end of the war in 1945, by mass shooting, starvation in ghettos and gassing in killing centres; in Hebrew the catastrophe is called the Shoah. The Jewish communities of eastern Europe, where most of the victims lived, were almost wiped out. In the Warsaw ghetto the historian Emanuel Ringelblum's secret Oneg Shabbat group buried an archive of the community's last years, part of which was dug out of the ruins after the war.
People: Emanuel Ringelblum