State and religion · 1868 CE

Meiji Japan separates kami from buddhas

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Illustration · AI-generated: artistic, not documentary.

Within months of the Meiji Restoration, the new government ordered Buddhist priests, images and titles out of Shinto shrines, splitting two traditions that had shared sacred sites for centuries. Zealots went further and attacked temples and Buddhist images. The state went on to run the shrines as organs of national ritual, until the Allied occupation ordered their separation from government in December 1945.

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