ConfucianismClassic of Poetry 4.1HOLYMAP · SACRED TEXTS
Classic of PoetryClassic of Poetry 4.1

Classic of Poetry

Classic of Poetry 4.1

周頌

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English · James Legge

The First Decade, or that of Khing Miâo. Ode 1. The Khing Miâo.

Oh! solemn is the ancestral temple in its pure stillness. Reverent and harmonious were the distinguished assistants; Great was the number of the officers:—(All) assiduous followers of the virtue of (king Wăn). In response to him in heaven, Grandly they hurried about in the temple. Distinguished is he and honoured, And will never be wearied of among men.

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English · James Legge

Ode 2. The Wei Thien Kih Ming.

The ordinances of Heaven,—How deep are they and unintermitting! And oh! how illustrious Was the singleness of the virtue of king Wăn! How does he (now) show his kindness? We will receive it, Striving to be in accord with him, our king Wăn; And may his remotest descendant be abundantly the same!

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English · James Legge

Ode 3. The Wei Khing.

Clear and to be preserved bright, Are the statutes of king Wăn. From the first sacrifice (to him), Till now when they have issued in our complete state, They have been the happy omen of (the fortunes of) Kâu.

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English · James Legge

Ode 4. The Lieh Wăn.

Ye, brilliant and accomplished princes, Have conferred on me this happiness. Your favours to me are without limit, And my descendants will preserve (the fruits of) them. Be not mercenary nor extravagant in your states, And the king will honour you. Thinking of this great service, He will enlarge the dignity of your successors. What is most powerful is the being the man:—Its influence will be felt throughout your states. What is most distinguished is the being virtuous:—It will secure the imitation of all the princes. Ah! the former kings cannot be forgotten!

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English · James Legge

Ode 5. The Thien Zo.

Heaven made the lofty hill, And king Thâi brought (the country about) it under cultivation. He made the commencement with it, And king Wăn tranquilly (carried on the work), (Till) that rugged (mount) Khî Had level roads leading to it. May their descendants ever preserve it!

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English · James Legge

Ode 6. The Hâo Thien yû Khăng Ming.

Heaven made its determinate appointment, Which our two sovereigns received. King Khăng did not dare to rest idly in it, But night and day enlarged its foundations by his deep and silent virtue. How did he continue and glorify (his heritage), Exerting all his heart, And so securing its tranquillity!

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English · James Legge

Ode 7. The Wo Kiang.

I have brought my offerings, A ram and a bull. May Heaven accept them! I imitate and follow and observe the statutes of king Wăn, Seeking daily to secure the tranquillity of the kingdom. King Wăn, the Blesser, Has descended on the right, and accepted (the offerings). Do I not, night and day, Revere the majesty of Heaven, Thus to preserve (its favour)?

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English · James Legge

Ode 8. The Shih Mâi.

Now is he making a progress through his states; May Heaven deal with him as its son! Truly are the honour and succession come from it to the House of Kâu. To his movements All respond with tremulous awe. He has attracted and given rest to all spiritual beings, Even to (the spirits of) the Ho and the highest hills. Truly is the king our sovereign lord. Brilliant and illustrious is the House of Kâu. He has regulated the positions of the princes; He has called in shields and spears; He has returned to their cases bows and arrows. I will cultivate admirable virtue, And display it throughout these great regions. Truly will the king preserve the appointment.

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English · James Legge

Ode 9. The Kih King.

The arm of king Wû was full of strength; Irresistible was his ardour. Greatly illustrious were Khăng and Khang, Kinged by God. When we consider how Khăng and Khang Grandly held all within the four quarters (of the kingdom), How penetrating was their intelligence! The bells and drums sound in harmony; The sounding-stones and flutes blend their notes; Abundant blessing is sent down. Blessing is sent down in large measure. Careful and exact is all our deportment; We have drunk, and we have eaten, to the full; Our happiness and dignity will be prolonged.

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English · James Legge

Ode 10. The Sze Wăn.

O accomplished Hâu-kî, Thou didst prove thyself the correlate of Heaven. Thou didst give grain-food to our multitudes:—The immense gift of thy goodness. Thou didst confer on us the wheat and the barley, Which God appointed for the nourishment of all. And without distinction of territory or boundary, The rules of social duty were diffused throughout these great regions.

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English · James Legge

The Second Decade, or that of Khăn Kung. Ode 1. The Khăn Kung.

Ah! ah! ministers and officers, Reverently attend to your public duties. The king has given you perfect rules;—Consult about them, and consider them. Ah! ah! ye assistants, It is now the end of spring; And what have ye to seek for? (Only) how to manage the new fields and those of the third year. How beautiful are the wheat and the barley! The bright and glorious God Will in them give us a good year. Order all our men To be provided with their spuds and hoes:—Anon we shall see the sickles at work.

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English · James Legge

Ode 2. The Î Hsî.

Oh! yes, king Khăng Brightly brought himself near. Lead your husbandmen To sow their various kinds of grain, Going vigorously to work on your private fields, All over the thirty lî. Attend to your ploughing, With your ten thousand men all in pairs.

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English · James Legge

Ode 3. The Kăn Lû.

A flock of egrets is flying, About the marsh there in the west. My visitors came, With an (elegant) carriage like those birds. There, (in their states), not disliked, Here, (in Kâu), never tired of;—They are sure, day and night, To perpetuate their fame.

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English · James Legge

Ode 4. The Făng Nien.

Abundant is the year with much millet and much rice; And we have our high granaries, With myriads, and hundreds of thousands, and millions (of measures in them); For spirits and sweet spirits, To present to our forefathers, male and female, And to supply all our ceremonies. The blessings sent down on us are of every kind.

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English · James Legge

Ode 5. The Yû Kû.

There are the blind musicians; there are the blind musicians; In the court of (the temple of) Kâu. There are (the music-frames with their) face-boards and posts, The high toothed-edge (of the former), and the feathers stuck (in the latter); With the drums, large and small, suspended from them; And the hand-drums and sounding-stones, the instrument to give the signal for commencing, and the stopper. These being all complete, the music is struck up. The pan-pipe and the double flute begin at the same time. Harmoniously blend their sounds; In solemn unison they give forth their notes. Our ancestors will give ear. Our visitors will be there;—Long to witness the complete performance.

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English · James Legge

Ode 6. The Khien.

Oh! in the Khî and the Khü, There are many fish in the warrens;—Sturgeons, large and snouted, Thryssas, yellow-jaws, mud-fish, and carp;—For offerings, for sacrifice, That our bright happiness may be increased.

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English · James Legge

Ode 7. The Yung.

They come full of harmony; They are here in all gravity;—The princes assisting, While the Son of Heaven looks profound. (He says), 'While I present (this) noble bull, And they assist me in setting forth the sacrifice, O great and august Father, Comfort me, your filial son. 'With penetrating wisdom thou didst play the man, A sovereign with the gifts both of peace and war, Giving rest even to great Heaven, And ensuring prosperity to thy descendants. 'Thou comfortest me with the eyebrows of longevity; Thou makest me great with manifold blessings, I offer this sacrifice to my meritorious father, And to my accomplished mother.

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English · James Legge

Ode 8. The Zâi Hsien.

They appeared before their sovereign king, To seek from him the rules (they were to observe). With their dragon-emblazoned banners, flying bright, The bells on them and their front-boards tinkling, And with the rings on the ends of the reins glittering, Admirable was their majesty and splendour. He led them to appear before his father shrined on the left, Where he discharged his filial duty, and presented his offerings;—That he might have granted to him long life, And ever preserve (his dignity). Great and many are his blessings. They are the brilliant and accomplished princes, Who cheer him with his many sources of happiness, Enabling him to perpetuate them in their brightness as pure blessing.

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English · James Legge

Ode 9. The Yû Kho.

The noble visitor! The noble visitor! Drawn, like his ancestors, by white horses! The reverent and dignified, Polished members of his suite! The noble guest will stay (but) a night or two! The noble guest will stay (but) two nights or four! Give him ropes, To bind his horses. I will convoy him (with a parting feast); I will comfort him in every possible way. Adorned with such great dignity, It is very natural that he should be blessed.

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English · James Legge

Ode 10. The Wû.

Oh! great wast thou, O king Wû, Displaying the utmost strength in thy work. Truly accomplished was king Wăn, Opening the path for his successors. Thou didst receive the inheritance from him. Thou didst vanquish Yin, and put a stop to its cruelties;—Effecting the firm establishment of thy merit.

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English · James Legge

The Third Decade, or that of Min Yü Hsiâo Zze. Ode 1. The Min Yü.

Alas for me, who am a little child, On whom has devolved the unsettled state! Solitary am I and full of distress. Oh! my great Father, All thy life long, thou wast filial. Thou didst think of my great grandfather, (Seeing him, as it were) ascending and descending in the court, I, the little child, Day and night will be as reverent. Oh! ye great kings, As your successor, I will strive not to forget you.

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English · James Legge

Ode 2. The Fang Lo.

I take counsel at the beginning of my (rule), How I can follow (the example of) my shrined father. Ah! far-reaching (were his plans), And I am not yet able to carry them out. However I endeavour to reach to them, My continuation of them will still be all-deflected. I am a little child, Unequal to the many difficulties of the state. Having taken his place, (I will look for him) to go up and come down in the court, To ascend and descend in the house. Admirable art thou, O great Father, (Condescend) to preserve and enlighten me.

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English · James Legge

Ode 3. The King Kih.

Let me be reverent! Let me be reverent! (The way of) Heaven is evident, And its appointment is not easily preserved. Let me not say that it is high aloft above me. It ascends and descends about our doings; It daily inspects us wherever we are. I am a little child, Without intelligence to be reverently (attentive to my duties); But by daily progress and monthly advance, I will learn to hold fast the gleams (of knowledge), till I arrive at bright intelligence. Assist me to bear the burden (of my position), And show me how to display a virtuous conduct.

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English · James Legge

Ode 4. The Hsiâo Pî.

I condemn myself (for the past), And will be on my guard against future calamity. I will have nothing to do with a wasp, To seek for myself its painful sting. At first indeed it seemed to be (but) a wren, But it took wing, and became a large bird. I am unequal to the many difficulties of the kingdom, And am placed in the midst of bitter experiences.

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English · James Legge

Ode 5. The Zâi Shan.

They clear away the grass and the bushes; And the ground is laid open by their ploughs. In thousands of pairs they remove the roots, Some in the low wet land, some along the dykes. There are the master and his eldest son; His younger sons, and all their children; Their strong helpers, and their hired servants. How the noise of their eating the viands brought to them resounds! (The husbands) think lovingly of their wives; (The wives) keep close to their husbands. (Then) with their sharp ploughshares They set to work on the south-lying acres. They sow their various kinds of grain, Each seed containing in it a germ of life. In unbroken lines rises the blade, And, well nourished, the stalks grow long. Luxuriant looks the young grain, And the weeders go among it in multitudes. Then come the reapers in crowds, And the grain is piled up in the fields, Myriads, and hundreds of thousands, and millions (of stacks); For spirits and for sweet spirits, To offer to our ancestors, male and female, And to provide for all ceremonies. Fragrant is their aroma, Enhancing the glory of the state. Like pepper is their smell, To give comfort to the aged. It is not here only that there is this (abundance); It is not now only that there is such a time:—From of old it has been thus.

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English · James Legge

Ode 6. The Liang Sze.

Very sharp are the excellent shares, With which they set to work on the south-lying acres. They sow their various kinds of grain, Each seed containing in it a germ of life. There are those who come to see them, With their baskets round and square, Containing the provisions of millet. With their light splint hats on their heads, They ply their hoes on the ground, Clearing away the smartweed on the dry land and wet. The weeds being decayed, The millets grow luxuriantly. They fall rustling before the reapers. The gathered crop is piled up solidly, High as a wall, United together like the teeth of a comb; And the hundred houses are opened (to receive the grain). Those hundred houses being full, The wives and children have a feeling of repose. (Now) we kill this black-muzzled tawny bull, With his crooked horns, To imitate and hand down, To hand down (the observances of) our ancestors. <!--This is the least worst spot for this ref because of system quirks-->

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English · James Legge

Ode 7. The Sze Î.

In his silken robes, clean and bright, With his cap on his head, looking so respectful, From the hall he goes to the foot of the stairs, And (then) from the sheep to the oxen. (He inspects) the tripods, large and small, And the curved goblet of rhinoceros horn. The good spirits are mild, (But) there is no noise, no insolence:—An auspice (this) of great longevity.

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English · James Legge

Ode 8. The Ko.

Oh! powerful was the king's army, But he nursed it, in obedience to circumstances, while the time was yet dark. When the time was clearly bright, He thereupon donned his grand armour. We have been favoured to receive What the martial king accomplished. To deal aright with what we have inherited, We have to be sincere imitators of thy course, (O king).

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English · James Legge

Ode 9. The Hwan.

There is peace throughout our myriad regions. There has been a succession of plentiful years:—Heaven does not weary in its favour. The martial king Wû Maintained (the confidence of) his officers, And employed them all over the kingdom, So securing the establishment of his family. Oh! glorious was he in the sight of Heaven, Which kinged him in the room (of Shang).

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English · James Legge

Ode 10. The Lâi.

King Wăn laboured earnestly:—Right is it we should have received (the kingdom). We will diffuse (his virtue), ever cherishing the thought of him; Henceforth we will seek only the settlement (of the kingdom). It was he through whom came the appointment of Kâu. Oh! let us ever cherish the thought of him.

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English · James Legge

Ode 11. The Pan.

Oh! great now is Kâu. We ascend the high hills, Both those that are long and narrow, and the lofty mountains. Yes, and (we travel) along the regulated Ho, All under the sky, Assembling those who now respond to me. Thus it is that the appointment belongs to Kâu.

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Chinese text from Chinese Wikisource (zh.wikisource.org), transcribed by Wikisource volunteers. Public domain. · Source ↗

James Legge's selection (1879) translates 102 of the 305 odes, 34 of them in part; the others are shown in Chinese only. Legge renders 帝 and 上帝 as “God,” a choice many scholars now avoid.

Translated by James Legge, The Sacred Books of China: The Texts of Confucianism, Part I, Sacred Books of the East vol. 3 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1879). Public domain. Transcribed and proofread from the scan by English Wikisource volunteers. · Source ↗

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